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Description:

Epigen Human Recombinant

EPG, Epigen, PRO9904, ALGV3072, FLJ75542, EPGN, Epithelial mitogen.

Product # :

CYT-601

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Description

Epigen Recombinant Human produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 72 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 7.9 kDa. Epigen is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

EPGN was lyophilized from 20mM PBS buffer pH-7.4 .

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of murine Balb/3T3 cells. The expected ED₅₀ for this effect is less than 300 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 3.3 ×103 IU/mg.

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Introduction
EPGN is an EGF-related polypeptide growth factor that signals through the ErbB receptor-1. EPGN is produced in numerous tissues, including the testis, liver, heart and in certain tumor cells. EPGN is mitogenic for fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Human EPGN is originally synthesized as a glycosylated 14.7 kDa transmembrane precursor protein, which is processed by proteolytic cleavage to produce a mature soluble sequence.
Synonyms
EPG, Epigen, PRO9904, ALGV3072, FLJ75542, EPGN, Epithelial mitogen.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Epigen although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution EPGN should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Epigen in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
AVTVTPPITA QQADNIEGPI ALKFSHLCLE DHNSYCINGA CAFHHELEKA ICRCFTGYTG ERCEHLTLTS YA
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of EPIGEN Protein?
EPIGEN Protein has a total Mw of 7.9kDa.

What is the source or expression system of EPIGEN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of EPIGEN Protein?
EPIGEN Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of EPIGEN Protein?
Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of murine Balb/3T3 cells. The expected ED50 for this effect is less than 300 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 3.3 ×103 IU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of EPIGEN Protein?
AVTVTPPITA QQADNIEGPI ALKFSHLCLE DHNSYCINGA CAFHHELEKA ICRCFTGYTG ERCEHLTLTS YA

What applications can EPIGEN Protein be used in?
EPIGEN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for EPIGEN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, EPIGEN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Human Recombinant, GST Tag

Somatomedin C, IGF-I, IGFI, IGF1, IGF-IA, Mechano growth factor, MGF.

Product # :

CYT-690

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Description

IGF1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain fused to a GST tag and is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

IGF1 is supplied in 50mM Tris-Acetate, pH-7.5, 1mM EDTA and 20% Glycerol.

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Introduction
The somatomedins, or insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), comprise a family of peptides that play important roles in mammalian growth and development. IGF1 mediates many of the growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (GH; MIM 139250). Early studies showed that growth hormone did not directly stimulate the incorporation of sulfate into cartilage, but rather acted through a serum factor, termed 'sulfation factor,' which later became known as 'somatomedin' (Daughaday et al., 1972). Three main somatomedins have been characterized: somatomedin C (IGF1), somatomedin A (IGF2; MIM 147470), and somatomedin B (MIM 193190) (Rotwein, 1986; Rosenfeld, 2003).
Synonyms
Somatomedin C, IGF-I, IGFI, IGF1, IGF-IA, Mechano growth factor, MGF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. Please avoid freeze thaw cycles.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Visfatin Human Recombinant

PBEF, Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase NAmPRTase, Nampt, MGC117256, DKFZP666B131, 1110035O14Rik.

Product # :

CYT-318

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Description

Visfatin Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 466 amino acids. The total molecular mass is 52.6kDa (calculated). The Visfatin is purified by Flag-affinity chromatography.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Visfatin was lyophilized with no additives.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The activity is determined by its ability to induce IL-6, IL-1 beta and TNF alpha production from human PBMCs at 100ng/ml.

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Introduction
Excess adiposity is the most important risk in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adipose tissue produces several proteins (adipocytokines) such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-a, and IL-6, that modulate sensitivity and appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Visfatin, also known as pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF), is a cytokine that is highly expressed in visceral fat and was originally isolated as a secreted factor that synergizes with IL-7 and stem cell factors to promote the growth of B cell precursors. Visfatin homologs have been identified in carp, invertebrate mollusks, and bacteria, as well as in vertebrates, including humans and the mouse. It has been postulated to play a role in innate immunity.
Visfatin exerts mimetic effects that are dose-dependent and quantitatively similar to stimulating muscle and adipocyte glucose transport, and in inhibiting hepatocyte glucose production. Intravenous injection of recombinant visfatin in mice decreased plasma glucose in a dose-dependent fashion. In keeping with its mimetic effects, visfatin was as effective in reducing hyperglycemia in deficient diabetic mice. Visfatin was also found to be bound to and activate receptor, causing receptor phosphorylation and the activation of downstream signaling molecules. However, visfatin did not compete for binding to the receptor, indicating that the two proteins were recognized by different regions of the receptor. Thus, visfatin might play a role in glucose homeostasis and dysregulation in biosynthesis or signal transduction, and might contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Synonyms
PBEF, Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase NAmPRTase, Nampt, MGC117256, DKFZP666B131, 1110035O14Rik.
Physical Appearance
Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Visfatin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Visfatin should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
Centrifuge vial before opening. When reconstituting the product, gently pipet and wash down the sides of the vial to ensure full recovery of the protein into solution. It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized product with 20 mM HCl at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, which can be further diluted into other aqueous solutions. Wait several minutes for full reconstitution and solubility.
Amino Acid Sequence
MPPNTSKVYS YFECREKKTE NSKLRKVKYE ETVFYGLQYI LNKYLKGKVV TKEKIQEAKD VYKEHFQDDV FNEKGWNYIL EKYDGHLPIE IKAVPEGFVI PRGNVLFTVE NTDPECYWLT NWIETILVQS WYPITVATNS REQKKILAKY LLETSGNLDG LEYKLHDFGY RGVSSQETAG IGASAHLVNF KGTDTVAGLA LIKKYYGTKD PVPGYSVPAA EHSTITAWGK DHEKDAFEHI VTQFSSVPVS VVSDSYDIYN ACEKIWGEDL RHLIVSRSTQ APLIIRPDSG NPLDTVLKVL EILGKKFPVT ENSKGYKLLP PYLRVIQGDG VDINTLQEIV EGMKQKMWSI ENIAFGSGGG LLQKLTRDLL NCSFKCSYVV TNGLGINVFK DPVADPNKRS KKGRLSLHRT PAGNFVTLEE GKGDLEEYGQ DLLHTVFKNG KVTKSYSFDE IRKNAQLNIE LEAAHH.
Background
About Visfatin Human

Visfatin is a cytokine expressed in visceral fat that was originally isolated as a secreted
element that synergized with stem cell factors and IL-7. One of its main functions is to
enhance the development of B cell precursors.
The cytokine is also known as the “Pre-B Cell Colony-Enhancing Factor (PBEF).” It has been
identified in vertebrates, including mice and humans, and it’s being studied due to its link
to inflammatory conditions, beta cell function, and cardiovascular disease.

What’s the Function of Visfatin Human Recombinant?
Visfatin human recombinant is produced in E. Coli. It’s a single, non-glycosylated,
polypeptide chain that contains 466 amino acids, it’s purified by FLAG-affinity
chromatography, and it contains a total molecular mass of 52.6 kDa.

What Are the Main Applications of Visfatin Human Recombinant?
The cytokine is being researched because of its involvement in glucose homeostasis,
dysregulation in biosynthesis and signal transduction, and the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Visfatin human recombinant is tailored exclusively for laboratory research, ensuring
experts can get further answers regarding the cytokine’s involvement in different
processes, including pathogenesis, diabetes, inflammation, dyslipidemia, and
atherosclerosis.
Findings can also help during the identification of high-risk people for cardiovascular
disease and diabetes.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Fibroblast Growth Factor-8 Mouse Recombinant

Fibroblast growth factor 8, FGF-8, Androgen-induced growth factor, AIGF, Heparin-binding growth factor 8, HBGF-8, Fgf8.

Product # :

CYT-070

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Description

FGF-8 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 246 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 28.1kDa.The FGF-8 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

FGF-8 protein was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50, as determined by the dose-dependent a cell proliferation assay using NR6R-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells is <25 ng/ml in the presence of 0.1 ug/ml heprin, corresponding to a specific activity of > 4.0×10⁴ units/mg.

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Introduction
FGF8 is part of the fibroblast growth factor family. FGF family members have wide mitogenic and cell survival activities, and participate in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. FGF8 supports androgen and anchorage independent growth of mammary tumor cells. FGF8 over expression increases tumor growth and angiogensis. The adult expression of FGF-8 gene is restricted to testes and ovaries. FGF8 functions as an embryonic epithelial factor. FGF8 takes part in midbrain and limb development, organogenesis, embryo gastrulation and left-right axis determination.
Synonyms
Fibroblast growth factor 8, FGF-8, Androgen-induced growth factor, AIGF, Heparin-binding growth factor 8, HBGF-8, Fgf8.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized FGF-8 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution FGF-8 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized FGF-8 in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
QVRSAAQKRG PGAGNPADTL GQGHEDRPFG QRSRAGKNFT NPAPNYPEEG SKEQRDSVLP KVTQRHVREQ SLVTDQLSRR LIRTYQLYSR TSGKHVQVLA NKRINAMAED GDPFAKLIVE TDTFGSRVRV RGAETGLYIC MNKKGKLIAK SNGKGKDCVF TEIVLENNYT ALQNAKYEGW YMAFTRKGRP RKGSKTRQHQ REVHFMKRLP RGHHTTEQSL RFEFLNYPPF TRSLRGSQRT WAPEPR.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF8 Protein?
FGF8 Protein has a total Mw of 28.1kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF8 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF8 Protein?
FGF8 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF8 Protein?
The ED50, as determined by the dose-dependent a cell proliferation assay using NR6R-3T3 mouse fibroblast cells is <25 ng/ml in the presence of 0.1 ug/ml heprin, corresponding to a specific activity of > 4.0×104 units/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF8 Protein?
QVRSAAQKRG PGAGNPADTL GQGHEDRPFG QRSRAGKNFT NPAPNYPEEG SKEQRDSVLP KVTQRHVREQ SLVTDQLSRR LIRTYQLYSR TSGKHVQVLA NKRINAMAED GDPFAKLIVE TDTFGSRVRV RGAETGLYIC MNKKGKLIAK SNGKGKDCVF TEIVLENNYT ALQNAKYEGW YMAFTRKGRP RKGSKTRQHQ REVHFMKRLP RGHHTTEQSL RFEFLNYPPF TRSLRGSQRT WAPEPR.

What applications can FGF8 Protein be used in?
FGF8 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF8 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF8 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB Human Recombinant

Glioma-derived growth factor, GDGF, Osteosarcoma-derived Growth Factor, ODGF, SIS, SSV, PDGF2, c-sis, FLJ12858, PDGF-BB, PDGF B-chain, Platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide.

Product # :

CYT-501

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Description

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB Human Recombinant is a homodimeric, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 2x109 amino acids (218 amino acids in total) and having a molecular mass of 24.3 kDa. PDGF-BB is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH7.4.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells.
The expected ED₅₀ for this effect is 1.0-3.0 ng/ml.

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Introduction
PDGF-BB is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family. The four members of this family are mitogenic factors for cells of mesenchymal origin and are characterized by a motif of eight cysteines. This gene product can exist either as a homodimer (PDGF-BB) or as a heterodimer with the platelet-derived growth factor alpha polypeptide (PDGF-AB), where the dimers are connected by disulfide bonds. Mutations in this gene are associated with meningioma. Reciprocal translocations between chromosomes 22 and 7, at sites where this gene and that for COL1A1 are located, are associated with a particular type of skin tumor called dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans resulting from unregulated expression of growth factor. Two splice variants have been identified for this gene.
Synonyms
Glioma-derived growth factor, GDGF, Osteosarcoma-derived Growth Factor, ODGF, SIS, SSV, PDGF2, c-sis, FLJ12858, PDGF-BB, PDGF B-chain, Platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Platelet-derived Growth Factor BB although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution PDGF BB should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
SLGSLTIAEP AMIAECKTRT EVFEISRRLI DRTNANFLVW PPCVEVQRCS GCCNNRNVQC RPTQVQLRPV QVRKIEIVRK KPIFKKATVT LEDHLACKCE TVAAARPVT.
Background
PDGF BB HUMAN: Overview of Its Production, Properties, and Clinical Significance
PDGF BB HUMAN, standing for Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB, is a powerful protein in the field of medical research, particularly in cell growth and healing. This growth factor plays a crucial role in the development and repair of tissues by stimulating cells primarily of mesenchymal origin.
Characteristics and Production
PDGF is produced as a recombinant protein in E. coli. It presents as a homodimer consisting of two identical polypeptide chains, each containing 109 amino acids, culminating in a total molecular mass of 24.3 kDa. The production process ensures a high-purity product, which is essential for reliable scientific results.
Physical Properties and Formulation
This growth factor appears as a white, sterile, lyophilized powder. It is formulated in a buffered solution (PBS, pH 7.4) and then filtered to ensure sterility and purity, essential for laboratory use. The formulation process is designed to maintain the stability and activity of the protein under various research conditions.
Solubility and Storage Instructions
PDGF BB is recommended to be reconstituted in sterile water to achieve a concentration of no less than 100µg/ml. This solution can then be diluted further to meet experimental needs.
Once reconstituted, the protein should be stored at 4°C for short-term use (2-7 days) and below -18°C for long-term storage. Avoiding freeze-thaw cycles is crucial to preserve its biological activities.
Stability and Purity
The lyophilized form of PDGF BB remains stable at room temperature for up to three weeks but requires desiccation for longer storage.
Moreover, the purity of this growth factor exceeds 95%, as confirmed by rigorous testing, including RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE, ensuring that researchers receive a highly effective product.
Research Applications
PDGF BB HUMAN is widely used in laboratory research to explore various biological processes, including wound healing, angiogenesis, and the development of certain types of cancers. It is also instrumental in studying the cellular mechanisms underlying tissue repair and regeneration.
Biological Activity
The effectiveness of PDGF BB is measured by its ability to stimulate the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells, with an effective dose (ED50) ranging from 1.0 to 3.0 ng/ml. This high level of activity underscores its utility in promoting cell growth, making it an invaluable tool in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Usage Guidelines
It is important to note that PDGF BB HUMAN is intended solely for laboratory research and is not suitable for drug, food, or cosmetic applications. Researchers must handle this growth factor under controlled conditions to ensure safety and efficacy.
Essentially, PDGF BB is a pivotal component in the toolkit of biomedical researchers, offering profound insights into cellular processes and potential therapeutic approaches. Also, its well-defined properties and controlled production make it a staple in studies focused on cell growth and tissue repair.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Human Recombinant, His tag

CDF, HILDA, D-FACTOR, Differentiation- stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor, MLPLI, Emfilermin, Leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF, DIA.

Product # :

CYT-1082

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Description

LIF Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain (a.a 23-202) containing 189 amino acids including a 9 a.a N-terminal His tag. The total molecular mass is 20.9kDa (calculated).

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

LIF filtered (0.4 µm) and lyophilized from 0.5mg/ml solution in 20 mM Tris buffer, 20 mM NaCl and 5% w/v trehalose, pH 7.5.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor also called LIF is a lymphoid factor that promotes long-term maintenance of embryonic stem cells by suppressing spontaneous differentiation. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor has several functions such as cholinergic neuron differentiation, control of stem cell pluripotency, bone & fat metabolism, mitogenesis of factor dependent cell lines & promotion of megakaryocyte production in vivo. Human and mouse LIF exhibit a 78% identity in its amino acid sequence.
Synonyms
CDF, HILDA, D-FACTOR, Differentiation- stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor, MLPLI, Emfilermin, Leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF, DIA.
Physical Appearance
Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Store lyophilized protein at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.
Solubility
It is recommended to add deionized water to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely.
Amino Acid Sequence
MKHHHHHHAS PLPITPVNAT CAIRHPCHNN LMNQIRSQLA QLNGSANALF ILYYTAQGEP FPNNLDKLCG PNVTDFPPFH ANGTEKAKLV ELYRIVVYLG TSLGNITRDQ KILNPSALSL HSKLNATADI LRGLLSNVLC RLCSKYHVGH VDVTYGPDTS GKDVFQKKKL GCQLLGKYKQ IIAVLAQAF.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Human Recombinant

TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, Cachectin, DIF, TNFA, TNFSF2.

Product # :

CYT-223

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Description

Tumor Necrosis Factor-a Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 158 amino acids (157 a.a. of the mature human TNF-alpha and an N-terminal methionine) and having a molecular mass of 17.5kDa. The TNF-alpha is purified by standard chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

TNF-a Human was lyophilized from a concentrated 1mg/ml solution containing 20mM PB, pH-7.2, and 100mM NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The Specific Activity is >5.0×10⁷ IU/mg as determined by the cytolysis of murine L929 cells in the presence of Actinomycin D.

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Introduction
Tumor necrosis factor is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and is a member of a group of cytokines that all stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF is mainly secreted by macrophages.
TNF causes apoptotic cell death, cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, tumorigenesis and viral replication, TNF is also involved in lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF's primary role is in the regulation of immune cells.
Dysregulation and, in particular, overproduction of TNF have been implicated in a variety of human diseases- autoimmune diseases, INS resistance, and cancer.
Synonyms
TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, Cachectin, DIF, TNFA, TNFSF2.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-a although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution TNF-a should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MVRSSSRTPS DKPVAHVVAN PQAEGQLQWL NRRANALLAN GVELRDNQLV VPSEGLYLIY SQVLFKGQGC PSTHVLLTHT ISRIAVSYQT KVNLLSAIKS PCQRETPEGA E AKPWYEPIY LGGVFQLEKG DRLSAEINRP DYLDFAESGQ VYFGIIAL.
Background
TNF Alpha Human: An Overview of Its Role and Importance in Immunology
TNF alpha human, also known as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, is a critical cytokine in the immune system. Macrophages mainly produce this protein, and it plays a key role in inflammation and the acute phase reaction.
This protein is involved in various cellular functions, including cell death, differentiation, proliferation, and immune regulation.
Production and Properties
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha is produced recombinantly in E. coli and consists of a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It includes 157 amino acids of the mature human TNF-alpha and an N-terminal methionine, resulting in a molecular mass of approximately 17.5 kDa.
Furthermore, the protein is purified through standard chromatographic techniques to ensure high purity and biological activity.
Solubility and Usage
The lyophilized form of TNF appears as a sterile, white powder. It is recommended to reconstitute this powder in sterile water to achieve a solution of no less than 100µg/ml.
This solution can then be further diluted for various experimental applications. TNF alpha is used extensively in research, particularly for studying its effects on cell signaling and immune response.
Storage and Stability
For long-term storage, TNF should be kept desiccated below -18°C. Once reconstituted, it should be used within a week if stored at 4°C or kept below -18°C for future use. Avoiding freeze-thaw cycles is crucial to maintain the protein's functionality.
Biological Role and Implications
TNF alpha human is involved in the regulation of immune cells and is known for its role in inflammatory processes.
Dysregulation of TNF alpha production is linked to various diseases, such as autoimmune disorders, insulin resistance, and cancer. It is also a target for therapeutic interventions, particularly in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease.
Mechanism of Action
TNF alpha can induce fever, apoptotic cell death, and can inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication. Moreover, it is a potent mediator of the acute phase reaction, which influences the activity of various cells involved in systemic inflammation.
Research and Clinical Importance
Scientific research on TNF has provided insights into its complex role in disease mechanisms. Its interaction with receptors such as TNFRSF1A underscores its multifaceted effects across different organ systems, from liver function to brain activity.
Ongoing studies continue to explore its therapeutic potential, especially how it can be modulated to treat diseases without harmful side effects.
In essence, TNF alpha human is a versatile and powerful component of the immune system, important for both health and disease. Understanding its pathways and functions helps scientists develop better treatments for various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Fibroblast Growth Factor Acidic Bovine

HBGF-1, ECGF-beta, FIBP, FGFIBP, FIBP-1, ECGF, ECGFA, GLIO703, FGF1, FGF-a.

Product # :

CYT-613

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Description

Fibroblast Growth Factor-acidic Bovine (FGF-1) purified from Bovine Brain contains a 17 kDa and a 20 kDa polypeptide chain. The 17 kDa peptide is derived from the 20K peptide by restricted proteolysis. (See Jaye et al²). The FGF acidic is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Bovine Brain.

Formulation

Each 5µg aFGF were lyophilized from 0.5ml solution containing 1mM sodium phosphate, pH 7 after filtration over a low binding membrane.

Purity

Greater than 90%.

Biological Activity

Stimulates growth of bovine capillary endothelial cells by 3-5 fold over 5% calf serum at 10-25ng/ml FGF.

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Introduction
Acidic fibroblast growth factor is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. This protein functions as a modifier of endothelial cell migration and proliferation, as well as an angiogenic factor. It acts as a mitogen for a variety of mesoderm- and neuroectoderm-derived cells in vitro, thus is thought to be involved in organogenesis. Three alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms have been described. The binding growth factors are angiogenic agents in vivo and are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types in vitro. There are differences in the tissue distribution and concentration of these 2 growth factors.
Synonyms
HBGF-1, ECGF-beta, FIBP, FGFIBP, FIBP-1, ECGF, ECGFA, GLIO703, FGF1, FGF-a.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized aFGF although stable at room temperature for 2 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution aFGF should be stored at 4°C between 2-3 weeks and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized aFGF in sterile 50mM Na2HPO4 pH-7, and 0.5% albumin. The Recommended concentration in cell culture: 1-20ng/ml.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of AFGF Protein?
AFGF Protein has a total Mw of 17kDa.

What is the source or expression system of AFGF Protein?
Bovine Brain.

What is the Purity of AFGF Protein?
AFGF Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of AFGF Protein?
Stimulates growth of bovine capillary endothelial cells by 3-5 fold over 5% calf serum at 10-25ng/ml FGF.

What applications can AFGF Protein be used in?
AFGF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for AFGF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, AFGF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

TGFB-Induced Factor Homeobox 2-Like, X-Linked Human Recombinant

Homeobox protein TGIF2LX, TGF-beta-induced transcription factor 2-like protein, TGFB-induced factor 2-like protein, X-linked, TGIF-like on the X, TGIF2LX, TGIFLX, TGFB-Induced Factor Homeobox 2-Like, X-Linked.

Product # :

PRO-1902

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Description

TGIF2LX Human Recombinant produced in E. coli is. a single polypeptide chain containing 264 amino acids (1-241) and having a molecular mass of 29.1kDa.TGIF2LX is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The TGIF2LX solution (0.5mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.2M NaCl, 50% glycerol and 1mM DTT.

Purity

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
TGFB-Induced Factor Homeobox 2-Like, X-Linked (TGIF2LX) belongs to the TALE/TGIF homeobox family of transcription factors and takes part in spermatogenesis. A homolog of TGIF2LX is located in the male specific region of chromosome Y, in a block of sequence which is the outcome of a large X-to-Y transposition.
Synonyms
Homeobox protein TGIF2LX, TGF-beta-induced transcription factor 2-like protein,
TGFB-induced factor 2-like protein, X-linked, TGIF-like on the X, TGIF2LX, TGIFLX, TGFB-Induced Factor Homeobox 2-Like, X-Linked.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSMEAAADG PAETQSPVEK DSPAKTQSPA QDTSIMSRNN ADTGRVLALP EHKKKRKGNL PAESVKILRD WMYKHRFKAY PSEEEKQMLS EKTNLSLLQI SNWFINARRR ILPDMLQQRR NDPIIGHKTG KDAHATHLQS TEASVPAKSG PSGPDNVQSL PLWPLPKGQM SREKQPDPES APSQKLTGIA QPKKKVKVSV TSPSSPELVS PEEHADFSSF LLLVDAAVQR AAELELEKKQ EPNP.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Growth differentiation factor 10 Human Recombinant

Bone morphogenetic protein 3b, BMP-3b, Growth/differentiation factor 10, GDF-10, Bone-inducing protein, BIP, GDF10, BMP3B.

Product # :

CYT-659

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sds-page

Description

GDF10 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 111 amino acids (369-478 a.a.) and having a total molecular mass of 12.5 kDa. GDF10 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The GDF10 solution (1mg/ml) contains 10mM Sodium citrate (pH 3.5), 1mM DTT, 40% glycerol and 0.1M NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

sds-page

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Introduction
GDF10 is a member of the BMP family and the TGF-beta superfamily. GDF10 is expressed in femur, brain, lung, skeletal, muscle, pancreas and testis, and has a role in head formation and possibly multiple roles in skeletal morphogenesis. In humans, GDF10 mRNA is found in the cochlea and lung of fetuses, and in testis, retina, pineal gland, and other neural tissues of adults. The BMP family members are regulators of cell growth and differentiation in both embryonic and adult tissues. These proteins are characterized by a polybasic proteolytic processing site which is cleaved to produce a mature protein containing 7 conserved cysteine residues.
Synonyms
Bone morphogenetic protein 3b, BMP-3b, Growth/differentiation factor 10, GDF-10, Bone-inducing protein, BIP, GDF10, BMP3B.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MQWDEPRVCS RRYLKVDFAD IGWNEWIISP KSFDAYYCAG ACEFPMPKIV RPSNHATIQS IVRAVGIIPG IPEPCCVPDK MNSLGVLFLD ENRNVVLKVY PNMSVDTCAC R.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of GDF10 HUMAN Protein?
GDF10 HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 12.5kDa.

What is the source or expression system of GDF10 HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of GDF10 HUMAN Protein?
GDF10 HUMAN Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of GDF10 HUMAN Protein?
The biological functionality of GDF10 HUMAN Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of GDF10 HUMAN Protein?
MQWDEPRVCS RRYLKVDFAD IGWNEWIISP KSFDAYYCAG ACEFPMPKIV RPSNHATIQS IVRAVGIIPG IPEPCCVPDK MNSLGVLFLD ENRNVVLKVY PNMSVDTCAC R.

What applications can GDF10 HUMAN Protein be used in?
GDF10 HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for GDF10 HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, GDF10 HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Rat Recombinant

Leukemia inhibitory factor, Cholinergic neuronal differentiation factor, Lif.

Product # :

CYT-731

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Description

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Rat Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 180 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 19.8 kDa. The Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

LIF Rat was lyophilized from 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in 1xPBS, pH 7.4.

Purity

Greater than 96.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The activity of rat LIF is determined by the ability to induce differentiation of M1 myeloid leukemic cells. The minimum detectable concentration of rat LIF in this assay is 0.5ng/mL.

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Introduction
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor also called LIF is a lymphoid factor that promotes long-term maintenance of embryonic stem cells by suppressing spontaneous differentiation. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor has several functions such as cholinergic neuron differentiation, control of stem cell pluripotency, bone & fat metabolism, mitogenesis of factor dependent cell lines & promotion of megakaryocyte production in vivo. Human and mouse LIF exhibit a 78% identity in its amino acid sequence.
Synonyms
Leukemia inhibitory factor, Cholinergic neuronal differentiation factor, Lif.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) in sterile water not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
SPLPITPVNA TCAIRHPCHG NLMNQIKSQL AQLNGSANAL FISYYTAQGE PFPNNVDKLC APNMTDFPPF HANGTEKTKL VELYRMVTYL GASLTNITWD QKNLNPTAVS LQIKLNATTD VMRGLLSSVL CRLCNKYHVG HVDVPCVPDN SSKEAFQRKK LGCQLLGTYK QVISVLAQAF .

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Bovine Recombinant

Fibroblast growth factor 21, FGF-21, FGF21.

Product # :

CYT-657

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Description

Fibroblast Growth Factor -21 Bovine Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 182 amino acids, having a molecular weight of 19.5 kDa.The FGF-21 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The protein was lyophilized from a concentrated (0.8 mg/ml) solution with 0.4 mg/ml of NaHCO3, pH 8.

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by Gel Filtration.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
The FGFs are a family of more than 20 small (~17–26 kDa) secreted peptides. The initial characterization of these proteins focused on their ability to stimulate fibroblast proliferation. This mitogenic activity was mediated through FGF receptors (FGFRs) 1, 2, or 3. A fourth closely related tyrosine kinase receptor (FGFR4) was able to bind the FGFs but did not lead to a mitogenic response.
FGFs modulate cellular activity via at least 5 distinct subfamilies of high-affinity FGF receptors (FGFRs): FGFR-1, -2, -3, and -4, all with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and, except for FGFR-4, multiple splice isoforms, and FGFR-5, which lacks an intracellular kinase domain. There is growing evidence that FGFRs can be important for regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis. The overexpression of a dominant negative form of FGFR-1 in ? cells leads to diabetes in mice, which thus implies that proper FGF signaling is required for normal ? cell function and glycemia maintenance. FGFR-2 appears to be a key molecule during pancreatic development. Moreover, FGFR-4 has been implicated in cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis.
FGF-19, has been shown to cause resistance to diet-induced obesity and desensitization and to improve, glucose, and lipid profiles in diabetic rodents. Since these effects, at least in part, are mediated through the observed changes in metabolic rates, FGF-19 can be considered as a regulator of energy expenditure.
FGF-21 is preferentially expressed in liver, but an exact knowledge of FGF-21 bioactivity and its mode of action have been lacking to date. FGF-21 is a potent activator of glucose uptake on adipocytes, protects animals from diet-induced obesity when overexpressed in transgenic mice, and lowers blood glucose and triglyceride levels when therapeutically administered to diabetic rodents.
Synonyms
Fibroblast growth factor 21, FGF-21, FGF21.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered white lyophilized powder.
Stability
Lyophilized FGF-21 Bovine Recombinant although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Bovine FGF-21 in sterile water or 0.4% NaHCO3, not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions, preferably in presence of carrier protein.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-His-Pro-Ile-Pro.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF 21 BOVINE Protein?
FGF 21 BOVINE Protein has a total Mw of 19.5kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF 21 BOVINE Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF 21 BOVINE Protein?
FGF 21 BOVINE Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF 21 BOVINE Protein?
The biological functionality of FGF 21 BOVINE Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF 21 BOVINE Protein?
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-His-Pro-Ile-Pro.

What applications can FGF 21 BOVINE Protein be used in?
FGF 21 BOVINE Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF 21 BOVINE Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF 21 BOVINE Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
Protein content
Bovine FGF-21 quantitation was carried out by two independent methods1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.47 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENE computer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics). 2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a standard solution of FGF-21 Recombinant as a Reference Standard.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Mouse Anti Human Connective Tissue Growth Factor

CCN2, NOV2, HCS24, IGFBP8, MGC102839, CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor.

Product # :

ANT-699

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
Connective Tissue Growth Factor belongs to the CCN family of proteins. The CCN family presently consists of six members in human also known as: Cyr61 (Cystein rich 61), CTGF (Connective Tissue Growth Factor), Nov (Nephroblastoma Overexpressed gene), WISP-1, 2 and 3 (Wnt-1 Induced Secreted Proteins). The CCN genes encode secreted proteins associated with the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and cell membrane.
CCN proteins are matricellular proteins which are involved in the regulation of various cellular functions including: proliferation, differentiation, survival, adhesion and migration. They are expressed in derivatives of the three embryonic sheets and are implicated in the development of kidney, nervous system, muscle, bone marrow, cartilage and bone. During adulthood, they are implicated in wound healing, bone fracture repair, and pathologies such as: fibrosis, vascular ailments and tumorigenesis.
Full length secreted CCN proteins can show an antiproliferative activity, whereas truncated isoforms are likely to stimulate proliferation and behave as oncogenes.
The full length protein consists of four modulesModule I shares partial identity with the N-terminal part of the Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs).
Module II includes a stretch of 70amino acid residues – which shares sequence identity with the Von Willebrand Factor Type C repeat (VWC).
Module III contains sequences sharing identity with the Thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSP1) (WSXCSXXCG), which is thought to be implicated in the binding of sulfated glycoconjugates and to be important for cell adhesion.
Module IV, also designated CT, is encoded by exon5. It is the leasts conserved one of the four domains at the level of nucleotide sequence, but it appears to be critical for several of the biological functions attributed to the CCN proteins. Module IV resembles the CT domain of several extracellular protein including, Von Willebrand's factor and mucins. Sequence similarities to heparin-binding motifs are also found within this domain.
Proteolysis of the secreted full-length CCN proteins that has been reported in the case of CCN2 and CCN3 might result in the production of CCN-derived peptides with high affinity for ligands that full-length CNN proteins bind only poorly. Amino-truncated CCN2 isoforms were biologically active whereas no specific biological activity has been attributed to the truncated CCN3. Although the molecular processes underlying the production of these secreted isoforms is presently unknown, it is important to note that proteolysis occur at the same amino acid residues in both CCN2 and CCN3. An elevated expression of CCN2 has also been detected by Northern blotting in human invasive mammary ductal carcinomas, dermatofibromas, pyogenic granuloma, endothelial cells of angiolipomas and angioleiomyomas, and in pancreatic tumors. A study performed with chondrosarcomas representative of various histological grades established that CCN2 expression was closely correlated with increasing levels of malignancy.
In agreement with CCN2 playing a role in brain tumor angiogenesis, immunocytochemistry studies indicated that both glioblastoma tumor cells and proliferating endothelial cells stained positive for CCN2. In astrocytomas, CCN2 expression was particularly elevated in high grade tumors, with a marked effect of CCN2 on cell proliferation. Downregulation of CCN2 expression in these cells was associated with a growth arrest at the G1/S transition while over-expression of CCN2 induced a two-fold increase of the number of cells in the G1 phase. Gene profiling analysis allowed to identify a set of about 50 genes whose expression might account for the proliferative activity of CCN2 in these cells.
CCN2 was seen in a higher proportion of mononuclear cells of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Synonyms
CCN2, NOV2, HCS24, IGFBP8, MGC102839, CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Immunogen
Anti-human CTGF mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human CTGF protein 27-349 amino acids purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2a heavy chain and κ light chain.
Clone
PAT18E7AT.
Applications
CTGF antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot analysis and ICC/IF to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
CTGF antibody was purified by protein-A affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Human Recombinant, Baculovirus

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, VEGF, Vascular Permeability Factor, MVCD1, VPF, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VEGF-A, Vascular endothelial growth factor A.

Product # :

CYT-849

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Description

VEGF produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 171 amino acids (27-191 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 19.9 kDa. VEGF is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Formulation

VEGF protein solution (0.25mg/ml) contains Phosphate buffered saline (pH7.4), 30% glycerol, 1mM DTT and 0.1mM PMSF.

Purity

Greater than 85.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Vascular endothelial growth factor is an important signaling protein involved in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. As its name implies, VEGF activity has been mostly studied on cells of the vascular endothelium, although it does have effects on a number of other cell types (e.g. stimulation monocyte/ macrophagemigration, neurons, cancer cells, kidney epithelial cells ).VEGF mediates increased vascular permeability, induces angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth, promotes cell migration, and inhibits apoptosis. In vitro, VEGF has been shown to stimulate endothelial cell mitogenesisand cell migration. VEGF is also a vasodilator and increases microvascular permeability and was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor. Elevated levels of this protein are linked to POEMS syndrome, also known as Crow-Fukase syndrome. Mutations in this gene have been associated with proliferative and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Synonyms
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, VEGF, Vascular Permeability Factor, MVCD1, VPF, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VEGF-A, Vascular endothelial growth factor A.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
APMAEGGGQN HHEVVKFMDV YQRSYCHPIE TLVDIFQEYP DEIEYIFKPS CVPLMRCGGC CNDEGLECVP TEESNITMQI MRIKPHQGQH IGEMSFLQHN KCECRPKKDR ARQENPCGPC SERRKHLFVQ DPQTCKCSCK NTDSRCKARQ LELNERTCRC DKPRRHHHHH H.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Fibroblast Growth Factor-6 Human Recombinant

Fibroblast Growth Factor 6, Heparin Secretory-Transforming Protein 2, Heparin-Binding Growth Factor 6, HBGF-6, HSTF-2, FGF-6, HST-2, HST2, HSTF2, FGF6.

Product # :

CYT-979

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Quantity :

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Description

FGF6 Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain having containing 169 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 18.9kDa.The FGF-6 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

FGF-6 protein was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution in 10mM sodium phosphate and 50mM sodium chloride pH 7.5.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Fibroblast Growth Factor-6 (FGF6) belongs to the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess extensive mitogenic and cell survival functions, and are involved in various biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. The FGF6 gene displayes oncogenic transforming activity when transfected into mammalian cells. The mouse homolog of the FGF6 gene displays a restricted expression profile predominantly in the myogenic lineage, suggesting a role in muscle regeneration or differentiation.
Synonyms
Fibroblast Growth Factor 6, Heparin Secretory-Transforming Protein 2, Heparin-Binding Growth Factor 6, HBGF-6, HSTF-2, FGF-6, HST-2, HST2, HSTF2, FGF6.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized FGF6 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution FGF-6 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized FGF6 in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGTRANNTLL DSRGWGTLLS RSRAGLAGEI AGVNWESGYL VGIKRQRRLY CNVGIGFHLQ VLPDGRISGT HEENPYSLLE ISTVERGVVS LFGVRSALFV AMNSKGRLYA TPSFQEECKF RETLLPNNYN AYESDLYQGT YIALSKYGRV KRGSKVSPIM TVTHFLPRI.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF6 Protein?
FGF6 Protein has a total Mw of 18.9kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF6 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF6 Protein?
FGF6 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF6 Protein?
The biological functionality of FGF6 Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF6 Protein?
MGTRANNTLL DSRGWGTLLS RSRAGLAGEI AGVNWESGYL VGIKRQRRLY CNVGIGFHLQ VLPDGRISGT HEENPYSLLE ISTVERGVVS LFGVRSALFV AMNSKGRLYA TPSFQEECKF RETLLPNNYN AYESDLYQGT YIALSKYGRV KRGSKVSPIM TVTHFLPRI.

What applications can FGF6 Protein be used in?
FGF6 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF6 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF6 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Epidermal Growth Factor (1-51 a.a.)Human Recombinant

Urogastrone, URG, EGF.

Product # :

CYT-1115

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Description

Epidermal Growth Factor (1-51 a.a.) Human Recombinant produced in yeast is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 51 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 6.0kDa. The EGF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4.

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50 is determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine Balb/c 3T3 cells and is < than 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 1.0 × 10⁷ IU/mg.

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Introduction
Epidermal growth factor has a profound effect on the differentiation of specific cells in vivo and is a potent mitogenic factor for a variety of cultured cells of both ectodermal and mesodermal origin. The EGF precursor is believed to exist as a membrane-bound molecule which is proteolytically cleaved to generate the 53-amino acid peptide hormone that stimulates cells to divide. EGF stimulates the growth of several epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture.
Synonyms
Urogastrone, URG, EGF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized EGF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Epidermal Growth Factor should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Epidermal Growth Factor in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
NSDSECPLSH DGYCLHDGVC MYIEALDKYA CNCVVGYIGE RCQYRDLKWW E.
Background
Exploring the Potential of Epidermal Growth Factor (1-51 a.a.) Human Recombinant: Novel Insights and Therapeutic Prospects
Abstract:
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) stands as a pivotal cytokine orchestrating essential cellular processes. This concise research paper delves into the unique realm of Epidermal Growth Factor (1-51 a.a.) Human Recombinant, unveiling its intricate molecular dynamics, signaling cascades, and therapeutic promise. Employing cutting-edge methodologies encompassing in vitro assays and animal models, this study elucidates the multifaceted cellular responses sparked by this truncated EGF variant, paving the way for potential clinical applications.
Introduction:
The truncated form of EGF, spanning amino acids 1 to 51 (a.a.), carries distinct attributes that set it apart from the full-length counterpart. This paper centers on exploring the intriguing dimensions of Epidermal Growth Factor (1-51 a.a.) Human Recombinant, offering new insights into its interactions and potential utility.
Molecular Insights and Signaling Dynamics:
At the heart of its function lies the interplay between EGF (1-51 a.a.) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). High-resolution structural analyses unveil the nuances of their binding interface, initiating a cascade of phosphorylation events that trigger canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways. The MAPK pathway and the PI3K/Akt pathway, intricately modulated by EGF (1-51 a.a.), propel cellular processes like proliferation, migration, and evasion of apoptosis.
In Vitro Profiling and Cellular Responses:
In dissecting the cellular responses, diverse in vitro assays have been employed. These encompass cell viability assays, wound healing assays, and intricate fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies. These assays converge to illuminate the dynamic orchestration of EGF-induced cellular behaviors, showcasing its role in promoting cellular migration, division, and wound closure.
In Vivo Implications and Therapeutic Horizons:
Translating these insights into tangible therapeutic possibilities, in vivo studies present a compelling narrative. In animal models, EGF (1-51 a.a.) emerges as a potent player in cutaneous wound healing, fostering accelerated tissue regeneration. Moreover, its potential extends to oncology, as it not only influences tumor microenvironments but also demonstrates anti-apoptotic effects, hinting at its role in tailored cancer interventions.
Future Prospects and Challenges:
While these discoveries hold immense promise, challenges persist. The intricate network of signaling events demands further scrutiny, considering potential cross-talk and off-target effects. Refining delivery mechanisms and dosing regimens is essential for realizing the clinical potential of EGF (1-51 a.a.).
Conclusion:
In a synthesis of complex molecular insights and tangible therapeutic potential, Epidermal Growth Factor (1-51 a.a.) Human Recombinant emerges as a captivating subject. Its truncated structure and distinctive signaling cascades paint a canvas of cellular orchestration. As research advances, harnessing its therapeutic benefits could usher in novel interventions for wound healing and cancer therapy.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of EGF Protein?
EGF Protein has a total Mw of 6kDa.

What is the source or expression system of EGF Protein?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

What is the Purity of EGF Protein?
EGF Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of EGF Protein?
The ED50 is determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine Balb/c 3T3 cells and is < than 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 1.0 × 107 IU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of EGF Protein?
NSDSECPLSH DGYCLHDGVC MYIEALDKYA CNCVVGYIGE RCQYRDLKWW E.

What applications can EGF Protein be used in?
EGF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for EGF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, EGF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 3 Mouse Recombinant

Transforming Growth Factor-beta3, TGFB3, ARVD, FLJ16571, TGF-beta3.

Product # :

CYT-143

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Description

TGF-β 3 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a disulfide-linked homodimeric, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing two 113 amino acid chains and having a total molecular mass of 25.7kDa. The TGF-β 3 is purified by standard chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The Mouse TGFB3 protein solution contains 20% Ethanol and 10mM Acetic acid.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The activity is determined by the ability to induce chondrogenic differentiation.

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Introduction
Transforming growth factor betas (TGF Betas) mediate many cell-cell interactions that occur during embryonic development. Three TGF Betas have been identified in mammals. TGF Beta 1, TGF Beta 2 and TGF Beta 3 are each synthesized as precursor proteins that are very similar in that each is cleaved to yield a 112 amino acid polypeptide that remains associated with the latent portion of the molecule.
Synonyms
Transforming Growth Factor-beta3, TGFB3, ARVD, FLJ16571, TGF-beta3.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Mouse TGF-beta 3 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored at 4°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).
Amino Acid Sequence
MALDTNYCFRN LEENCCVRPL YIDFRQDLGW KWVHEPKGYY ANFCSGPCPY LRSADTTHST VLGLYNTLNP EASASPCCVP QDLEPLTILY YVGRTPKVEQ LSNMVVKSCK CS.
Protein content
Protein quantitation was carried out by two independent methods:1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 1.718 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENE computer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics). 2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a calibrated solution of TGF-b 3 as a Reference Standard.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Myostatin Human Recombinant, HEK

GDF-8, MSTN, Growth Differentiation Factor 8, MSTN Muscle Hypertrophy.

Product # :

CYT-833

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Description

Myostatin Human Recombinant produced in HEK cells is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain (Asn24-Ser375) containing a total of 360 amino acids, having a calculated molecular mass of 41.1kDa. Myostatin is fused to a 2 aa N-terminal linker and a 6 aa His tag at N-Terminus.

Source

HEK 293.

Formulation

Myostatin solution at a concentration of 0.25mg/ml in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH 8.0 and 20% (w/v) glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
GDF8 is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and the TGF-beta superfamily. This group of proteins is characterized by a polybasic proteolytic processing site which is cleaved to produce a mature protein containing seven conserved cysteine residues. The members of this family are regulators of cell growth and differentiation in both embryonic and adult tissues. This gene is thought to encode a secreted protein which negatively regulates skeletal muscle growth.
Synonyms
GDF-8, MSTN, Growth Differentiation Factor 8, MSTN Muscle Hypertrophy.
Physical Appearance
Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
HHHHHHASNE NSEQKENVEK EGLCNACTWR QNTKSSRIEA IKIQILSKLR LETAPNISKD VIRQLLPKAP PLRELIDQYD VQRDDSSDGS LEDDDYHATT ETIITMPTES DFLMQVDGKP KCCFFKFSSK IQYNKVVKAQ LWIYLRPVET PTTVFVQILR LIKPMKDGTR YTGIRSLKLD MNPGTGIWQS IDVKTVLQNW LKQPESNLGI EIKALDENGH DLAVTFPGPG EDGLNPFLEV KVTDTPKRSR RDFGLDCDEH STESRCCRYP LTVDFEAFGW DWIIAPKRYK ANYCSGECEF VFLQKYPHTH LVHQANPRGS AGPCCTPTKM SPINMLYFNG KEQIIYGKIP AMVVDRCGCS.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Serine/Threonine Kinase 16 Human Recombinant

Serine/threonine-protein kinase 16, Myristoylated and palmitoylated serine/threonine-protein kinase, MPSK, Protein kinase PKL12, TGF-beta-stimulated factor 1, TSF-1, Tyrosine-protein kinase STK16, hPSK, STK16, MPSK1, PKL12, TSF1, KRCT.

Product # :

PKA-032

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Description

STK16 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 329 amino acids (1-305 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 37.2kDa.STK16 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

STK16 protein solution (1mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 20% glycerol, 0.1M NaCl and 1mM DTT.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 16 (STK16) is a membrane-associated protein kinase which phosphorylates on serine and threonine residues. STK16 is involved in secretory vesicle trafficking or intracellular signaling. Furthermore, the STK16 protein may have a role in regulating stromal-epithelial interactions which occur during ductal morphogenesis in the mammary gland. STK16 can autophosphorylate on Tyr residue; it is however unclear whether STK16 has tyrosine-protein kinase toward other proteins. STK16 may also be involved in TGF-beta signaling.
Synonyms
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 16, Myristoylated and palmitoylated serine/threonine-protein kinase, MPSK, Protein kinase PKL12, TGF-beta-stimulated factor 1, TSF-1, Tyrosine-protein kinase STK16, hPSK, STK16, MPSK1, PKL12, TSF1, KRCT.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSHMGHALC VCSRGTVIID NKRYLFIQKL GEGGFSYVDL VEGLHDGHFY ALKRILCHEQ QDREEAQREA DMHRLFNHPN ILRLVAYCLR ERGAKHEAWL LLPFFKRGTL WNEIERLKDK GNFLTEDQIL WLLLGICRGL EAIHAKGYAH RDLKPTNILL GDEGQPVLMD LGSMNQACIH VEGSRQALTL QDWAAQRCTI SYRAPELFSV QSHCVIDERT DVWSLGCVLY AMMFGEGPYD MVFQKGDSVA LAVQNQLSIP QSPRHSSALR QLLNSMMTVD PHQRPHIPLL LSQLEALQPP APGQHTTQI.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Human Recombinant, His Tag

CSF-3, MGI-1G, GM-CSF beta, Pluripoietin, Filgrastim, Lenograstim, G-CSF, MGC45931, GCSF.

Product # :

CYT-476

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Description

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor-His Tag Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 174 amino acids, fragment (31-204) and having a molecular mass of 23.19 kDa with an amino-terminal hexahistidine tag.G-CSF-His is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor His is supplied in 1x PBS and 50% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor is a growth factor and/or cytokine produced by the endothelium, macrophages and a number of other immune cells. GCSF stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and also to stimulate the survival, proliferation, differentiation and function of neutrophil granulocyte progenator cells and mature neutrophils.
Synonyms
CSF-3, MGI-1G, GM-CSF beta, Pluripoietin, Filgrastim, Lenograstim, G-CSF, MGC45931, GCSF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. Please avoid freeze thaw cycles.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of G CSF Protein?
G CSF Protein has a total Mw of 23.19kDa.

What is the source or expression system of G CSF Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of G CSF Protein?
G CSF Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of G CSF Protein?
The biological functionality of G CSF Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of G CSF Protein?
G CSF Protein is composed from 174 amino acids.

What applications can G CSF Protein be used in?
G CSF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for G CSF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, G CSF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

GM-CSF Receptor Beta Human Recombinant

CSF2RB,Colony Stimulating Factor 2 Receptor, Beta, Low-Affinity (Granulocyte-Macrophage), GM-CSF/IL-3/IL-5 Receptor Common Beta Subunit, CDw131, IL3RB, SMDP5, IL5RB, Interleukin 3 Receptor/Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor 3 Receptor, Beta (High Affinity), Colony-Stimulating Factor-2 Receptor, Beta, Low-Affinity, GM-CSF/IL-3/IL-5 Receptor Common Beta-Chain, Cytokine Receptor Common Subunit Beta, CD131 Antigen, CD131.

Product # :

CYT-928

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sds-page

Description

CSF2RB Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 435 amino acids (17-443 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 49.7kDa. CSF2RB is fused to an 8 amino acid His-tag at C-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Formulation

CSF2RB protein solution (0.5mg/ml) containing Phosphate Buffered Saline(pH7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

sds-page

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Introduction
GM-CSF Receptor Beta, also known as CSF2RB is a member of the type I cytokine receptor family. CSF2RB is a high affinity receptor for interleukin-3, interleukin-5 as well as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. CSF2RB unique form of receptor assembly applies also to IL-3 and IL-5 receptors, providing a structural basis for understanding their activation mechanism which is essential for the development of therapeutics.
Synonyms
CSF2RB,Colony Stimulating Factor 2 Receptor, Beta, Low-Affinity (Granulocyte-Macrophage), GM-CSF/IL-3/IL-5 Receptor Common Beta Subunit, CDw131, IL3RB, SMDP5, IL5RB, Interleukin 3 Receptor/Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor 3 Receptor, Beta (High Affinity), Colony-Stimulating Factor-2 Receptor, Beta, Low-Affinity, GM-CSF/IL-3/IL-5 Receptor Common Beta-Chain, Cytokine Receptor Common Subunit Beta, CD131 Antigen, CD131.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
WERSLAGAEE TIPLQTLRCY NDYTSHITCR WADTQDAQRL VNVTLIRRVN EDLLEPVSCD LSDDMPWSAC PHPRCVPRRC VIPCQSFVVT DVDYFSFQPD RPLGTRLTVT LTQHVQPPEP RDLQISTDQD HFLLTWSVAL GSPQSHWLSP GDLEFEVVYK RLQDSWEDAA ILLSNTSQAT LGPEHLMPSS TYVARVRTRL APGSRLSGRP SKWSPEVCWD SQPGDEAQPQ NLECFFDGAA VLSCSWEVRK EVASSVSFGL FYKPSPDAGE EECSPVLREG LGSLHTRHHC QIPVPDPATH GQYIVSVQPR RAEKHIKSSV NIQMAPPSLN VTKDGDSYSL RWETMKMRYE HIDHTFEIQY RKDTATWKDS KTETLQNAHS MALPALEPST RYWARVRVRT SRTGYNGIWS EWSEARSWDT ESVLPMWLEH HHHHH.
Background
Title: GM-CSF Receptor Beta Human Recombinant: A Key Receptor in Immunological Research
Abstract:

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor beta (GM-CSF Rβ) is a crucial receptor involved in immune cell development and function. This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of human recombinant GM-CSF Rβ, focusing on its production, characterization, and applications in immunological research. The paper discusses the significance of GM-CSF Rβ in immune cell signaling and its role in various immune-related disorders. Furthermore, it elucidates the potential therapeutic implications of recombinant GM-CSF Rβ in immunotherapy and highlights ongoing research in the field. The information presented in this paper aims to enhance the understanding of human recombinant GM-CSF Rβ and its utility as a research tool in immunological studies.
Introduction:

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor beta (GM-CSF Rβ) is a high-affinity receptor that binds to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). It plays a critical role in immune cell development, differentiation, and activation. Human recombinant GM-CSF Rβ, produced through genetic engineering techniques, enables researchers to investigate its biological functions and therapeutic potential.
Production and Characterization:

Recombinant GM-CSF Rβ is typically produced using expression systems such as mammalian cells or bacteria. The protein is then purified and characterized to ensure its structural integrity and functional activity. Quality control measures are implemented to confirm the specificity and binding affinity of the recombinant receptor.
Immunological Significance:

GM-CSF Rβ is expressed on various immune cells, including myeloid cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. It plays a crucial role in cell signaling pathways, promoting cell proliferation, survival, and activation. The dysregulation of GM-CSF Rβ signaling has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, and hematological malignancies. Recombinant GM-CSF Rβ provides a valuable tool for investigating these immune-related processes and deciphering the underlying mechanisms.
Therapeutic Implications:

The dysregulation of GM-CSF Rβ signaling in immune-related disorders has prompted the exploration of recombinant GM-CSF Rβ as a potential therapeutic target. Targeted therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors, are being developed to modulate GM-CSF Rβ signaling and restore immune homeostasis. Ongoing research focuses on optimizing these therapeutic approaches and identifying novel treatment strategies.
Conclusion:

Human recombinant GM-CSF Rβ is a critical research tool in the field of immunology. Its production, characterization, and applications in immune cell signaling contribute to our understanding of immune responses and the development of novel therapeutics. Continued research and advancements in GM-CSF Rβ-based immunotherapy hold promise for improving treatment outcomes in various immune-related disorders.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of CD131 Protein?
CD131 Protein has a total Mw of 49.7kDa.

What is the source or expression system of CD131 Protein?
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
What is the Purity of CD131 Protein?
CD131 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of CD131 Protein?
The biological functionality of CD131 Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of CD131 Protein?
WERSLAGAEE TIPLQTLRCY NDYTSHITCR WADTQDAQRL VNVTLIRRVN EDLLEPVSCD LSDDMPWSAC PHPRCVPRRC VIPCQSFVVT DVDYFSFQPD RPLGTRLTVT LTQHVQPPEP RDLQISTDQD HFLLTWSVAL GSPQSHWLSP GDLEFEVVYK RLQDSWEDAA ILLSNTSQAT LGPEHLMPSS TYVARVRTRL APGSRLSGRP SKWSPEVCWD SQPGDEAQPQ NLECFFDGAA VLSCSWEVRK EVASSVSFGL FYKPSPDAGE EECSPVLREG LGSLHTRHHC QIPVPDPATH GQYIVSVQPR RAEKHIKSSV NIQMAPPSLN VTKDGDSYSL RWETMKMRYE HIDHTFEIQY RKDTATWKDS KTETLQNAHS MALPALEPST RYWARVRVRT SRTGYNGIWS EWSEARSWDT ESVLPMWLEH HHHHH.

What applications can CD131 Protein be used in?
CD131 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for CD131 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CD131 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Lymphocyte Function Associated Antigen-3 Human Recombinant , Fusion Protein

CD58, LFA-3, Ag3, Surface glycoprotein LFA-3.

Product # :

CYT-423

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Description

Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-3 Fusion Protein Recombinant Human is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) mammalian cell expression system. The molecular weight is 91.4 kDa. Recombinant LFA3 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Chinese Hamster Ovary.

Formulation

Each mg of CD58 contains 0.8mg sucrose, 0.3mg glycine, 0.25mg sodium citrate dihydrate, and 4µg citric acid monohydrate.

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
LFA-3 is ligand of the t-lymphocyte cd2 glycoprotein. This interaction is important in mediating thymocyte interactions with thymic epithelial cells, antigen-independent and dependent interactions of t-lymphocytes with target cells and antigen- presenting cells and the t-lymphocyte rosetting with erythrocytes. In addition, the lfa-3/cd2 interaction may prime response by both the cd2+ and lfa-3+ cells.
Synonyms
CD58, LFA-3, Ag3, Surface glycoprotein LFA-3.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized LFA3 Human although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Human LFA-3 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized LFA-3 Human in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Fibroblast Growth Factor-4 Human Recombinant

HBGF4, FGF-4, FGF4, KFGF, HSTF1.

Product # :

CYT-312

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Quantity :

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Shipped at Room temp

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Description

FGF4 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 182 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 19.8kDa. The FGF4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The FGF4 protein was lyophilized with 20mM sodium phosphate and 500mM NaCl pH-7.5.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED₅₀ as determined by NR6R-3T3 Proliferation is 0.54ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 1.8X10⁶ units/mg.

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Introduction
FGF4 holds s comprehensive mitogenic and cell survival activities and takes part in a range of biological processes including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. FGF4 possess oncogenic transforming activity. FGF4 and FGF3, oncogenic growth factors are localized on chromosome 11. Co-amplification of both factors was found in several kinds of human tumors. FGF4 functions in bone morphogenesis and limb development through the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway.
Synonyms
HBGF4, FGF-4, FGF4, KFGF, HSTF1.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized FGF4 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution FGF-4 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized FGF4 Human Recombinant sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MAPTAPNGTL EAELERRWES LVALSLARLP VAAQPKEAAV QSGAGDYLLG IKRLRRLYCN VGIGFHLQAL PDGRIGGAHA DTRDSLLELS PVERGVVSIF GVASRFFVAM SSKGKLYGSP FFTDECTFKE ILLPNNYNAY ESYKYPGMFI ALSKNGKTKK GNRVSPTMKV THFLPRL.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF4 HUMAN Protein?
FGF4 HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 19.8kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF4 HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF4 HUMAN Protein?
FGF4 HUMAN Protein is > 95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF4 HUMAN Protein?
The ED50 as determined by NR6R-3T3 Proliferation is 0.54ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 1.8X106 units/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF4 HUMAN Protein?
MAPTAPNGTL EAELERRWES LVALSLARLP VAAQPKEAAV QSGAGDYLLG IKRLRRLYCN VGIGFHLQAL PDGRIGGAHA DTRDSLLELS PVERGVVSIF GVASRFFVAM SSKGKLYGSP FFTDECTFKE ILLPNNYNAY ESYKYPGMFI ALSKNGKTKK GNRVSPTMKV THFLPRL.

What applications can FGF4 HUMAN Protein be used in?
FGF4 HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF4 HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF4 HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Bovine Recombinant

TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, Cachectin, DIF, TNFA, TNFSF2.

Product # :

CYT-1104

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Description

TNFA Bovine produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 158 amino acids (78-234 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 17.5kDa. TNFA is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The TNFA (1mg/ml) contains Phosphate buffer saline(pH7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50 Is < 15 ng/ml and is measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L929 mouse fibrosarcoma cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D.

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Introduction
Tumor necrosis factor is a member of a group of cytokines that all stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF is involved in systemic inflammationand secreted mainly by macrophages.
TNF causes apoptotic cell death, cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, tumorigenesis and viral replication, TNF is also involved in lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF's primary role is in the regulation of immune cells.
Dysregulation and, in particular, overproduction of TNF have been implicated in a variety of human diseases- autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer.
Synonyms
TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, Cachectin, DIF, TNFA, TNFSF2.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MLRSSSQASS NKPVAHVVAD INSPGQLRWW DSYANALMAN GVKLEDNQLV VPADGLYLIY SQVLFRGQGC PSTPLFLTHT ISRIAVSYQT KVNILSAIKS PCHRETPEWA EAKPWYEPIY QGGVFQLEKG DRLSAEINLP DYLDYAESGQ VYFGIIAL.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

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Biological Activity

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Formulation

Purity

Biological Activity

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Formulation

Purity

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Formulation

Purity

Biological Activity

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Formulation

Purity

Biological Activity

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Formulation

Purity

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Formulation

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sds-page

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Formulation

Purity

Biological Activity

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Formulation

Purity