Search results

Crystallin, Mu (CRYM) is a taxon-specific crystallin protein which binds NADPH and has sequence similarity to bacterial ornithine cyclodeaminases. CRYM doesn’t perform a structural role in lens tissue; instead CRYM binds thyroid hormone for possible regulatory or developmental roles. CRYM gene mutations are linked with autosomal dominant non-syndromic deafness. CRYM specifically catalyzes the reduction of imine bonds in brain substrates which may include cystathionine ketamine and lanthionine ketamine.

Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein 1 (SSBP) participates in mitochondrial biogenesis. SSBP binds preferentially and cooperatively to ss-DNA. The SSBP protein is involved in mitochondrial DNA replication and associates with mitochondrial DNA.

Transferrin is the iron-transport protein of vertebrate serum and donates iron to cells through interaction with a specific membrane receptor, CD71. Transferrin appears to be indispensable for most cells growing in tissue culture.
It is referred to frequently as a growth factor because, in analogy to other growth factor-receptor interactions, proliferating cells express high numbers of transferrin receptors, and the binding of transferrin to their receptors is needed for cells to initiate and maintain their DNA synthesis. Apart from its role as an iron transport protein transferrin acts as a cytokine and has functions that may not be related to its iron-carrying capacity.
Human Transferrin is a crucial component for the cultivation of mammalian cells in-vitro. Human Transferrin is Critical for long-term cells growth in-vitro. Human Transferrin is used as detoxificant in media by binding contaminating metal ions. Human Transferrin is often used as a nutrient in fermentation media for recombinant protein and biopharmaceutical production. Additional common uses of Human Transferrin areMolecular weight, Affinity purification of anti-human transferrin antibodies and also as receptor mediated transfection of molecules such as DNA, into cells.

RDH12 is a member of the short-chain Dehydrogenases / Reductases (SDR) family. RDH12 is found generally in brain, stomach, eye, skeletal muscle and kidney. RDH12 is a NADPH-dependent retinal reductase whose main activity is toward 9-cis and all-trans-retinol. In addition, RDH12 takes part in the metabolism of short-chain aldehydes but does not display steroid dehydrogenase activity.

Human Fatty Epidermal Acid Binding Protein FABP also called FABP-5 is a 15 kD member of the intracellular fatty acid binding protein (FABP) family, which is known for the ability to bind fatty acids and related compounds ( bile acids or retinoids). In an internal cavity. The fatty acid binding proteins aP2 (fatty acid binding protein [FABP]-4) and mal1 (EFABP) are closely related and both are expressed in adipocytes.

CAB39 protein and STE20-related adaptor-alpha pseudo kinase, form a regulatory complex that is able of stimulating the activity of the LKB1 tumor suppressor protein kinase. CAB39 takes part as a scaffolding component of the STK11/STRAD complex and regulates STK11 activity and cellular localization.

CtBP was initially known as a cellular protein which cooperates with a C-terminal motif of adenovirus E1A oncoproteins. C-terminal-binding protein is extremely conserved in higher eukaryotes. Vertebrates hold two highly homologous CtBP proteins (CtBP1 and CtBP2) while invertebrates h a single CtBP. CtBP family proteins has a significant sequence homology with D-2-hydroxy acid dehydrogenases. In addition, CtBP proteins cooperates with numerous proteins and functions as a co-repressor of transcription.

S100A6 is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized either in the cytoplasm or the nucleus of a wide range of cells. S100 proteins are involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. There are at least 13 members in the S100 gene family, which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21.
S100A6 may function in stimulation prolactin secretion, and exocytosis. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of the S100A6 gene are implicated in melanoma.

Fibrinogen silencer-binding protein (FSBP), interacts with X11alpha. The X11alpha/FSBP complex send signals to the nucleus in order to repress glycogen synthase kinase-3beta promoter activity. X11alpha is a neuronal adaptor protein that interacts with the amyloid precursor protein (APP) via a centrally located phosphotyrosine binding domain to inhibit the production of Abeta peptide that is deposited in Alzheimer's diseased brains.

S100A4 is part of the S100 super-family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium binding domains. S100A4 is ubiquitously overexpressed and is localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus. S100A4 is involved in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of the S100A4 gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis.

SGTA is a ubiquitously expressed protein that contains three TPR protein-protein interaction duplicates. SGTA takes part as a component of the androgen receptor (AR)-chaperone-cochaperone complex, functions as a cochaperone and participates in androgen signaling. SGTA binds directly to HSC70 and HSP70 and mediates their ATPase activity. SGTA gene encodes a protein that is able to interact with the chief nonstructural protein of parvovirus H-1 and 70-kDa heat shock cognate. In addition, SGTA interacts with Vpu and Gag from HIV-1, SARS-CoV accessory protein 7a, DNAJC5 and DNAJC5B. Since this transcript is expressed universally in several tissues, SGTA serves a housekeeping function. While being involved in apoptosis and androgen signaling, SGTA is a possible molecule for polycystic ovary syndrome, a disorder characterized by androgen excess, obesity and menstrual disturbances.

Nucleotide Binding Protein 2, also known as NUBP2 is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as well as metal-binding protein which is essential for the assembly of cyotosolic iron-sulfur proteins. NUBP2 performs in a heterotetramer with nucleotide-binding protein 1 (NUBP1). Moreover, alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants have been found for NUBP2.

EBAG9 is a type III transmembrane protein that is primarily located in the Golgi. EBAG9 is a tumor-associated antigen that is expressed at high frequency in a variety of cancers, such as advanced breast and prostate cancers. while the EBAG9 acts to inhibit the growth of receptor-binding cells and induced apoptosis of immune cells, cancer cells may evade immune surveillance. Thus immunodetection of EBAG9 expression can be a negative prognostic indicator. EBAG9 promotes progression of bladder cancer. In rheumatoid arthritis, the deficiency of EBAG9 induces CTL infiltration through failure to evade immune attack, therefore leading to apoptosis of the synovial lining cells. EBAG9 is involved in controlling exocytosis processes. EBAG9 expression plays a role in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. EBAG9 plays a specific role in premature stages of breast carcinogenesis.

Synaptojanin 2 Binding Protein (SYNJ2BP) contains 1 PDZ (DHR) domain which binds to isoform 2A of SYNJ2 (through the unique motif in the C-terminus) and interacts with MAPK12.

Maltose Binding Protein is a member of the maltose/maltodextrin system of E.Coli, which is accountable for the uptake and efficient catabolism of maltodextrins. The maltose/maltodextrin is a complex regulatory and transport system involving many proteins and protein complexes. MBP elevates the yield of its fusion partner in many cases and is often able to promote the solubility of polypeptides to which it is fused.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 (IGFBP-4) belongs to the insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) family. IGFBP4 includes an IGFBP domain and a thyroglobulin type-I domain. IGFBP4 binds both insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) I and II. IGFBP-4 circulates in the plasma in both glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms. IGFBPs can either inhibit or enhance the biological activities of IGF, or act in an IGF independent manner. IGFBP-4 is exceptional since it consistently inhibits several cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that it may function as an apoptotic factor. IGFBP4 is produced by all colon cancer cells. Binding of IGFBP-4 prolongs the half-life of the IGFs and changes their interaction with cell surface receptors.

Developmentally-regulated GTP-binding protein 1 (DRG1) is a member of the GTP1/OBG family. DRG1 has a role in cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as in apoptosis, proposing a role in tumor formation and metastasis. Expression of the DRG1 was considerably reduced in breast tumor cells, particularly in patients with lymph node or bone metastasis as compared to those with localized breast cancer. The DRG1 protein is expressed at high levels in the heart, kidney and skeletal muscle and at lower levels in the brain, liver, placenta, lung, colon and spleen.

FKBP6 is part of the immunophilin protein family, and is involved in immunoregulation and basic cellular functions involving protein folding and trafficking. FKBP6 is widely expressed in all tissues, FKBP6 is present at utmost levels in testis, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle and heart. Deletion of FKBP6 contributes to hypercalcemia and growth delay in Williams-Beuren syndrome.

Thyroglobulin (TG) represents one of the main autoantigenic targets in autoimmune thyroid disease of humans. TG is a large globular dimeric glycoprotein with a total molecular weight of 660 kDa, which occupies a key precursor role in the biosynthesis of the thyroid hormones. Approximately 75% of the total protein content of the thyroid follicle consists of TG. The thyroid gland uses the Thyroglobulin in order to produce the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroglobulin is produced by the thyroid epithelial cells (thyrocytes) which form spherical follicles. Thyroglobulin is subsequently secreted and stored in the follicular lumen.
Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease, frequently develop antibodies against Thyroglobulin. Tg-specific antibodies help in the diagnosis of the above diseases, however they also may be present in apparently healthy euthyroid individuals. Blood Thyroglobulin levels can be used as a tumor marker for certain kinds of thyroid cancer, and the may also be elevated in cases of Graves' disease.

The Melanoma Inhibitory protein (MIA) was identified as an inhibitor of in vitro growth of malignant melanoma cells. The protein contains a SH3 domain. MIA acts as a potent tumor cell growth inhibitor for malignant melanoma cells and some other neuroectodermal tumors, including gliomas, in an autocrine fashion. In a study of human melanoma cell lines with different metastatic capacity MIA mRNA expression appeared to be inversely correlated with pigmentation. MIA has been shown to represent a very sensitive and specific serum marker for systemic malignant melanoma that might be useful for staging of primary melanomas, detection of progression from localized to metastatic disease during follow-up, and monitoring therapy of advanced melanomas.

S100A13 is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 family members are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and are involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100A13 is extensively expressed in various types of tissues with an elevated expression level in the thyroid gland. In smooth muscle cells, S100A13 co-expresses with other family members in the nucleus and in stress fibers, suggesting diverse functions in signal transduction.

Mouse S100A15 is a protein of 104 amino acids with an expected molecular weight of 12,870 Dalton having 2 EF-hand calcium binding sites. The S100A15 expression is upregulated in cultured keratinocytes stimulated to differentiate by calcium or phorbol esters. S100A15 is expressed in the skin and keratinocytes.

Transferrin is the iron-transport protein of vertebrate serum and donates iron to cells through interaction with a specific membrane receptor, CD71. Transferrin appears to be indispensable for most cells growing in tissue culture.
It is referred to frequently as a growth factor because, in analogy to other growth factor-receptor interactions, proliferating cells express high numbers of transferrin receptors, and the binding of transferrin to their receptors is needed for cells to initiate and maintain their DNA synthesis. Apart from its role as an iron transport protein transferrin acts as a cytokine and has functions that may not be related to its iron-carrying capacity.
Human Transferrin is a crucial component for the cultivation of mammalian cells in-vitro. Human Transferrin is Critical for long-term cells growth in-vitro. Human Transferrin is used as detoxificant in media by binding contaminating metal ions. Human Transferrin is often used as a nutrient in fermentation media for recombinant protein and biopharmaceutical production. Additional common uses of Human Transferrin areMolecular weight, Affinity purification of anti-human transferrin antibodies and also as receptor mediated transfection of molecules such as DNA, into cells.

Mannose-binding protein C (MBL2),belongs to the collectin family of patternrecognition molecules and is an important component in the innate immune system. MBL2 is a secreted glycoprotein which recognizes mannose and N-acetylglucosamine on various microorganisms, and is capable of activating the classical complement pathway. Lacking MBL2 has been associated with susceptibility to autoimmune and infectious diseases.