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Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein is a membrane protein expressed on the oligodendrocyte cell surface and the outermost surface of myelin sheaths. Due to this localization, it is a prime target antigen that plays a role in immune-mediated demyelination. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein is involved in completion and maintenance of the myelin sheath and in cell-cell communication. MOG protein was found to differentially expressed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and in the temporal lobe from patients with schizophrenia. MOG-specific antibody is crucial to the initiation of MOG-induced murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Hepatitis B virus surface gene encodes 3 proteins: small (HBs), middle (MHBs) and large (LHBs) surface protein. These 3 proteins are translated from distinct start codons, however share a common reading frame and stop codon. HBs contains 226 amino acids, it is a major viral envelope component. MHBs has extra 55 amino acids (Pre-S2) located to the N-terminus of HBs, LHBs has an additional 119 amino acids (Pre-S1). Pre-S is a region is comprised of Pre-S1 and S2, Pre-S1 has a vital role in receptor recognition, while Pre-S2 plays a part in translocation of virus into host cell. Clinically, HBV pre-S is linked with HBsAg and HBV DNA copies, which indicates active replication of virus, reduction of pre-S is typically associated with decreased HBV DNA copies, pointing to an improved predictor of treatment. In addition, Pre-S is a potential vaccine under development to enhance currently used HBsAg vaccine.

Plasmodium falciparum heat shock proteins (PfHSPs) contribute to immunopathological alterations in infected hosts PfHSP70s may have a significant function during parasite adaptation in its environments. They have also been a focus of considerable attention due to their immunodominant antigenic nature and their properties as mediators of protective immunity.

S100G (calbindin D9K) is a vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein. S100G, which is a cytosolic protein, is a member of a family of calcium-binding proteins that includes calmodulin, parvalbumin, troponin C, and S100 protein. In the intestine, S100G is vitamin D-dependent and its expression correlates with calcium transport activity. S100G may increase Ca2+ absorption by buffering Ca2+ in the cytoplasm and increase ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport in duodenal basolateral membrane vesicles.

Dysbindin domain-containing protein 2 (DBNDD2) is a member of the dysbindin family. DBNDD2 regulates the activity of casein kinase-1 and inhibits CSNK1D autophosphorylation (in vitro). DBNDD2 also interacts with CSNK1D and CSNK1E. DBNDD2 is detected in brain.

HMGN1 binds to the inner side of the nucleosomal DNA therefore changing the interaction between the DNA and the histone octamer. HMGN1 participates in the development which maintains transcribable genes in an exceptional chromatin conformation. HMGN1 inhibits the phosphorylation of nucleosomal histones H3 and H2A by RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA3/RSK2.

BST1 (Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Antigen 1), is a GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol) anchored membrane protein which is part of the CD38 family. BST1 was initially recognized as a bone marrow stromal cell molecule. BST1 is an ectoenzyme sharing more than a few features with ADP-ribosyl cyclase CD38. BST1 together with CD38, exhibit both DP-ribosyl cyclase and cyclinc ADP ribose hydrolase activities. BST1 participates in rheumatoid arthritis due to its enhanced expression in RA-derived bone marrow stromal cell lines. Moreover, BST1 is expressed by cells of the myeloid lineage and could perform as a receptor with a signal transduction capability.

Family With Sequence Similarity 19 Member-A5 (FAM19A5) belongs to the TAFA family which is comprised of 5 highly homologous genes encoding small secreted proteins. These proteins have conserved cysteine residues at fixed positions, and are remotely related to MIP-1alpha, which is a member of the CC-chemokine family. The TAFA proteins are primarily expressed in specific regions of the brain, and are assumed to serve as brain-specific chemokines or neurokines which act as regulators of immune and nervous cells.

Fractalkine soluble form is chemotactic for t-cells and monocytes, but not for neutrophils. Fractalkine membrane-bound form promotes adhesion of those leukocytes to endothelial cells. Fractalkine regulates leukocyte adhesion and migration processes at the endothelium and binds to CX3CR1. Natural Human Fractalkine is produced as a long protein (373-amino acid) with an extended mucin-like stalk and a chemokine domain on top. The mucin-like stalk permits it to bind to the cell surface. Fractalkine gene is located on human chromosome 16 along with some CC chemokines known as CCL17 and CCL22.

Beta-Glucocerebrosidase, also known as GBA is amember of the glycosyl hydrolase 30 family. GBA is a lysosomal enzyme which requires a signal peptide for transport across the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as glycosylation for transport into lysosomes. Furthermore, Gaucher disease is caused by a deficiency in the activity of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase.

LIN7B (VELI2), is a member of the Velis family. Velis family contains minor synaptic proteins which interact with other proteins at the post-synaptic density (PSD) of neuronal synapses. Velis which contain the PDZ motif, participate in recruiting cell adhesion molecules, receptors, and channels. Lin7B protein is ubiquitously expressed with a high expression in the brain, liver, and testis. Lin7B localizes at the synaptic junctions in neurons, bind to CASK, which is a neurexin-binding protein highly concentrated in synapses, and Mint1, a binding partner with a vesicle trafficking protein.

MAEA is a 396aa widely expressed adhesion protein which has 5 alternatively spliced isoforms. MAEA holds one CTLH domain and one LisH domain. MAEA forms a complex with F-actin, which takes part in regulating actin distribution in erythroblasts and macrophages and is known to assist in cell division and nuclear architecture. MAEA is confined with condensed chromatin at prophase, nuclear spindle poles at metaphase and in the contractile ring throughout cytokinesis phase and telophase.

MAPT is a neuronal microtubule associated protein localized mostly on axons.
MAPT promotes tubulin polymerisation and stabilizes microtubules, however it also serves to connect certain signalling pathways to the cytoskeleton. MAPT, in its hyperphosphorylated form, is the main part of paired helical filaments (PHF) and neurofibrillary lesions in Alzheimer''s disease (AD) brain.

Maltose Binding Protein is a member of the maltose/maltodextrin system of E.Coli, which is accountable for the uptake and efficient catabolism of maltodextrins. The maltose/maltodextrin is a complex regulatory and transport system involving many proteins and protein complexes.
MBP elevates the yield of its fusion partner in many cases and is often able to promote the solubility of polypeptides to which it is fused.

HECT and RLD Domain Containing E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 5 (HERC5) is a member of the HERC family of ubiquitin ligases, found in a cluster of HERC family genes on chromosome 4. HERC5 is a protein with a HECT domain and 5 RCC1 repeats. The HERC5 protein localizes to the cytoplasm and perinuclear region and serves as an INF-induced E3 protein ligase that mediates ISGylation of protein targets. HERC5 exhibits antiviral activity towards HIV-1, influenza A virus and human papillomavirus. HERC5 is a major E3 ligase for ISG15 conjugation. HERC5 also serves as a positive regulator of innate antiviral response in cells induced by INF. Pro-inflammatory cytokines upregulate HERC5 in endothelial cells. HERC5 is physically connected with polyribosomes, broadly modifies recently synthesized proteins in a cotranslational fashion.

AKR1C1 transfers progesterone to its inactive state or in other words catalyzes the reaction of 20-alpha-hydroxy progesterone (20-alpha-OHP). In the liver and intestine. AKR1C1 transfers bile and monitors the intrahepatic bile acid concentration though it has a low bile-binding ability. AKR1C1 participates in myelin formation. AKR1C1 is part of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which has over 40 known enzymes which catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols by utilizing NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors thus display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity.

SEPT5 is a member of the septin gene family of nucleotide binding proteins which were initially defined in yeast as cell division cycle regulatory proteins. Septins are extremely conserved in yeast, Drosophila, and mouse and seem to regulate cytoskeletal organization. Interference of septin function disrupts cytokinesis and results in high multinucleate or polyploid cells.

AMMECR1-Like, also known as AMMECR1L, is a Protein Coding gene which contains one AMMECR1 domain.

DENR takes part in the translation of target mRNAs by scanning and recognizing the initiation codon. DENR protein is involved in the intonation of the translational profile of a subset of cancer-related mRNAs when engaged to the translational initiation complex by the oncogene MCTS1.

Gamma-SNAP (NAPG) is a cytoplasmic protein which binds to a membrane receptor complex composed of VAMP, SNAP25 and syntaxin. NAPG mediates the membrane binding of NSF, which is crucial for membrane fusion reactions. NSF and SNAPs seem to be general components of the intracellular membrane fusion system, and their action at specific sites of fusion needs be controlled by SNAP receptors specific to the membranes being fused. NAPG mediates platelet exocytosis and controls the membrane fusion events of this process.

DLX3 belongs to the Distal-less (Dlx) family of genes which includes at least 6 different members. DLX3 plays a regulatory role in the development of the ventral forebrain and also in craniofacial patterning and morphogenesis. Mutation in DLX3 is correlated with Trichodentoosseous syndrome which is an autosomal dominant condition. DLX3 is located in a tail-to-tail configuration with another member of the gene family on the long arm of chromosome 17.

APRIL which is a part of the TNF ligand superfamily (TNFSF13) is a type II transmembrane protein. Normally, APRIL expression is low in tissues, but is elevated in numerous types of tumors and transformed cell lines.

ICAM-3/CD50, or CD50 or Cluster of Differentiation 50 is a protein, part of the intercellular adhesion molecule superfamily. every ICAM peptides are type I transmembrane glycoproteins, bind to leukocyte adhesion LFA-1 & has 2-9 immunoglobulinlike C2-type domains. ICAM-3/CD50 can be found in every leukocyte and acts as a crucial ligand for LFA-1 in the start of the immune system response. ICAM-3/CD50 acts as an adhesion molecule and is also a potent signaling protein.