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What is the molecular weight/Mw of VASOPRESSIN Protein?
VASOPRESSIN Protein has a total Mw of 1.08kDa.


What is the Purity of VASOPRESSIN Protein?
VASOPRESSIN Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of VASOPRESSIN Protein?
The biological functionality of VASOPRESSIN Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of VASOPRESSIN Protein?
C[Cys-Tyr-Phe-Gln-Asn-Cys]-Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2.

What applications can VASOPRESSIN Protein be used in?
VASOPRESSIN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for VASOPRESSIN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, VASOPRESSIN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

BMP-7 Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 Human Recombinant: A Key Regulator of Osteogenesis and Beyond

Abstract:

BMP-7 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7), also known as Osteogenic Protein 1 or BMP-7, is a potent growth factor that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, particularly in osteogenesis and tissue regeneration.

This research paper aims to comprehensively explore the molecular characteristics, signaling pathways, and diverse physiological functions of BMP-7.

Additionally, it investigates the therapeutic implications of BMP-7 in different disorders. Synonyms such as Osteogenic Protein 1 and BMP-7 associated with the protein are discussed throughout the paper to highlight their relevance in scientific literature.

Introduction:

BMP-7, also known as Osteogenic Protein 1 or BMP-7, is a growth factor with multifaceted roles in osteogenesis, tissue regeneration, and disease. This section introduces BMP-7 and its synonyms, highlighting their significance and relevance in scientific research.

Molecular Characteristics of BMP-7:

This section explores the molecular characteristics of BMP-7, including its primary amino acid sequence, protein structure, post-translational modifications, and binding partners. The importance of these factors in determining BMP-7's biological activity and receptor specificity is discussed.

Signaling Pathways Activated by BMP-7 :

BMP-7 activates specific signaling pathways upon binding to its receptors, leading to diverse cellular responses. This section focuses on the canonical BMP signaling pathway, highlighting the activation of Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways. The downstream effectors and transcriptional regulators involved in mediating BMP-7's cellular responses are also discussed.

Physiological Functions of BMP-7 :

BMP-7 plays critical roles in various physiological processes, particularly in osteogenesis and tissue regeneration. This section provides an in-depth analysis of BMP-7's contributions to these processes, emphasizing its role in promoting bone formation, cartilage development, renal function, and wound healing.

Therapeutic Implications of BMP-7 :

The unique properties of BMP-7 make it a promising therapeutic candidate for various disorders. This section discusses the potential applications of BMP-7 in bone regeneration, cartilage repair, kidney disease, and tissue engineering. The challenges and future directions in utilizing BMP-7 as a therapeutic agent are also explored.

BMP-7 in Disease Progression:

BMP-7 is implicated in the progression of certain diseases, including fibrosis, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. This section examines the role of BMP-7 in tissue fibrosis, tumor progression, angiogenesis, and cardiac remodeling. The therapeutic implications and targeting of BMP-7 in disease management are also discussed.

Conclusion:

BMP-7, also known as Osteogenic Protein 1 or BMP-7, is a critical growth factor involved in osteogenesis, tissue regeneration, and disease progression. Understanding the molecular characteristics, signaling pathways, and physiological functions of BMP-7 contributes to the exploration of its therapeutic potential in various disorders.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of BMP7 Protein?
BMP7 Protein has a total Mw of 38kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BMP7 Protein?
HEK.

What is the Purity of BMP7 Protein?
BMP7 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BMP7 Protein?
The specific activity was determined by the dose dependent induction of alkaline phosphatase production in the ATDC-5 cell line (Mouse chondrogenic cell line) and is typically 50-250ng/ml.

What is the amino acid sequence of BMP7 Protein?
DFSLDNEVHSSFIHRRLRSQERREMQREILSILGLPHRPRPHLQGKHNSAPMFMLDLYNAM AVEEGGGPGGQGFSYPYKAVFSTQGPPLASLQDSHFLTDADMVMSFVNLVEHDKEFFHPR YHHREFRFDLSKIPEGEAVTAAEFRIYKDYIRERFDNETFRISVYQVLQEHLGRESDLFLDSRTLWASE EGWLVFDITATSNHWVVNPRHNLGLQLSVETLDGQSINPKLAGLIGRHGPQNKQPFMVAFFKAT.

What applications can BMP7 Protein be used in?
BMP7 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BMP7 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BMP7 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

Also known as IFN-gamma inducing factor, Interleukin-18 or IL18 is a protein. In humans this protein is encoded by the IL18 gene. The protein is a proinflammatory cytokine.

Mechanism
The levels of IL-18 in the human body are increased at sites of inflammation. This includes cases of rheumatoid arthritis as well as other similar conditions. Osteoblastic cells express the protein and it is capable of inhibiting osteoclast formation. It is able to do this through a variety of mechanisms.
For instance, it is able to stimulate GM-CSF. This is created by T cells and is a response to treatment using IL-18. As well as this, the cytokine does stimulate INF-y production through vivo in bone. Furthermore, the impact on bone resorption and osteoclastogenesis is increased when used in conjunction with IL-12 treatment. Studies have shown that IL-18 provides an indirect stimulus on osteoclastogenesis due to the effect it has on T lymphocytes.
Furthermore, evidence has shown that IL-18 does increase the production of OPG. This was studied in research on transgenic mice that overexpressed IL-18. In these cases osteoclasts decreased as did bone mass. This suggested that IL-18 also has an impact on bone growth.

Interactions
Research has also explored the different interactions of IL-18 on other proteins. This includes the interaction between IL-18 and IL-18R. This has been shown to decrease the power of protective immunity and increase pathogenic responses during an infection involving intracellular bacteria. This interaction suggests that the presence or absence of IL-18R signal does impact the pathogenic compared to protective immunity.
Another interaction between interleukin 19 and Astrocyte has shown that it can improve neuropathic pain processing following nerve injury. It is proposed this is due to the fact that the nociceptive signals in the spinal cord are augmented due to this reaction.

Function
Belonging to the IL-1 superfamily, this cytokine is produced by macrophages as well as various other cells. It operates after binding with the interleukin-18 receptor. Working with IL-12, the protein is then able to induce-cell mediated immunity after an infection from lipopolysaccharide and other microbial products.
Once stimulated by IL-18 other cells including natural killer and T cells then release IFN-y. This type II IFN plays a crucial part in activating the macrophages of various other cells.
Together IL12 and IL-18 are able to successfully inhibit IgE and IG1 production that is dependent on IL-4. As well as this, the protein is also able to increase IgG2a production through B cells. IL-18 will interact specifically with this type of cytokine and has a negative impact on regulation of biological activity.

Structure
Many researchers have suggested that the structure of IL-18 is a key way to understand it’s receptor activation mechanism. The structure of IL-18 closely resembles of IL-1 and has various similarities. It is folded into a beta-trefoil structure and three sites have been shown to be important for receptor activation. These were revealed through extensive mutagenesis. Two of the sites provide binding sites for the IL-18 receptor and are located in positions similar to IL-1. The third structure seems to be used for IL-18 receptor beta binding.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of CCL24 MOUSE Protein?
CCL24 MOUSE Protein has a total Mw of 10.3kDa.

What is the source or expression system of CCL24 MOUSE Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of CCL24 MOUSE Protein?
CCL24 MOUSE Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of CCL24 MOUSE Protein?
Determined by its ability to chemoattract murine lymphocytes using a concentration range of 10-100ng/ml corresponding to a Specific Activity of 10,000-100,000IU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of CCL24 MOUSE Protein?
VTIPSSCCTS FISKKIPENR VVSYQLANGS ICPKAGVIFI TKKGHKICTD PKLLWVQRHI QKLDAKKNQP SKGAKAVRTK FAVQRRRGNS TEV.

What applications can CCL24 MOUSE Protein be used in?
CCL24 MOUSE Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for CCL24 MOUSE Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CCL24 MOUSE Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), a pivotal glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, stands as the master regulator of thyroid function. Its intricate control over thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion makes it a linchpin in the delicate balance of the endocrine system. The study of TSH, particularly in the form of TSH Recombinant Protein, has not only provided profound insights into thyroid physiology but has also revolutionized diagnostic methods, therapeutic interventions, and our understanding of various thyroid disorders. This research delves into the multifaceted realm of TSH, exploring its structural intricacies, physiological roles, and its far-reaching implications in both clinical and research settings.

Structural Insights into TSH:

TSH, a heterodimeric protein consisting of alpha and beta subunits, possesses a distinctive structure crucial for its biological activity. The beta subunit contains a unique hinge region, allowing flexibility in its interactions with the thyroid follicular cells. Understanding these structural nuances is fundamental for comprehending TSH's receptor binding, signaling cascades, and its intricate feedback mechanisms governing thyroid hormone production.

Physiological Significance in Thyroid Regulation:

TSH orchestrates thyroid function by binding to its specific receptors on the thyroid gland, stimulating iodine uptake, thyroid hormone synthesis, and secretion. This process is indispensable for maintaining the body's metabolism, energy balance, and overall growth and development. TSH's meticulous control over thyroid activity ensures the precise release of thyroid hormones, essential for numerous physiological processes and maintaining homeostasis.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications:

In the realm of diagnostics, TSH assays utilizing TSH Recombinant Protein have revolutionized the detection and monitoring of thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. By measuring TSH levels, clinicians can assess thyroid function, enabling early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies. Moreover, recombinant TSH finds applications in diagnostic imaging, enhancing the accuracy of radioiodine scans for thyroid cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Innovative Therapies and Future Prospects:

Recombinant TSH has paved the way for innovative therapeutic interventions, particularly in the management of thyroid cancer. Thyroid remnant ablation, a crucial step in thyroid cancer treatment, involves the administration of radioiodine following recombinant TSH stimulation, maximizing the therapeutic efficacy while minimizing the radiation exposure to surrounding tissues. Ongoing research explores the potential of TSH receptor agonists and antagonists, offering new avenues for targeted therapies in thyroid-related disorders.

TSH Recombinant Protein, with its profound influence on thyroid function and its applications in diagnostics and therapeutics, stands at the forefront of endocrine research. Its intricate roles in thyroid regulation, metabolism, and growth highlight its significance in human physiology. As our understanding of TSH deepens, it not only aids in the development of innovative treatments but also opens new avenues for exploring the complex interplay between hormones, receptors, and physiological responses. This research not only illuminates the vital role of TSH but also underscores its potential in shaping the future of thyroid-related healthcare.

What is the source or expression system of TSH CANINE Protein?
Mammalian cell line.

What is the Purity of TSH CANINE Protein?
TSH CANINE Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of TSH CANINE Protein?
The biological functionality of TSH CANINE Protein will be determined in the future.


What applications can TSH CANINE Protein be used in?
TSH CANINE Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for TSH CANINE Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, TSH CANINE Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

Selank, also known as TP-7, is a synthetic peptide that has garnered significant attention in the scientific community due to its potential anxiolytic, neuroprotective, and nootropic effects. This heptapeptide, derived from the naturally occurring human tetrapeptide Tuftsin, has been shown to possess a wide range of biological activities, including enhancing memory, reducing anxiety, and potentially mitigating the effects of neurodegenerative diseases.

Selank's primary mechanism of action involves its interaction with the GABAergic system, the body's main inhibitory neurotransmitter system. By modulating the activity of GABA receptors, Selank can exert a calming effect on the brain, reducing anxiety and enhancing cognitive function. Studies by Semenova et al. (2014) have demonstrated that Selank can enhance memory and learning in rats, suggesting potential applications in cognitive enhancement and the treatment of cognitive disorders.

In addition to its anxiolytic and nootropic effects, Selank has been shown to possess neuroprotective properties. Research by Ershov et al. (2016) found that Selank could protect neurons from oxidative stress, suggesting potential applications in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Given its anxiolytic, nootropic, and neuroprotective effects, Selank has been proposed as a potential therapeutic agent for a variety of conditions, including anxiety disorders, cognitive disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. For instance, a study by Medvedev et al. (2017) found that Selank could improve symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorder, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of anxiety disorders.

While research on Selank is promising, it is important to note that most studies have been conducted in animals or in vitro. More research is needed to fully understand the potential effects and applications of Selank in humans. However, the existing body of research suggests that Selank could be a promising tool in the treatment of anxiety disorders, cognitive disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases.

CRH is a neuropeptide which regulates body's response to stress. CRH stimulates the release of ACTH from the pituitary gland which triggers the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. CRH takes part in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis which controls the production of cortisol and other glucocorticoids. CRH is synthesized in different tissues such as the brainstem, hypothalamus and peripheral organs. In Pregnancy, CRH regulates parturition and fetal development.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of CCL9 MOUSE Protein?
CCL9 MOUSE Protein has a total Mw of 11.6kDa.

What is the source or expression system of CCL9 MOUSE Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of CCL9 MOUSE Protein?
CCL9 MOUSE Protein is > 97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of CCL9 MOUSE Protein?
Defined by its ability to chemoattract human neutrophils using a concentration range of 0.1-10 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 10,000-100,000IU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of CCL9 MOUSE Protein?
QITHATETKE VQSSLKAQQG LEIEMFHMGF QDSSDCCLSY NSRIQCSRFI GYFPTSGGCT RPGIIFISKR GFQVCANPSD RRVQRCIERL EQNSQPRTYK Q.

What applications can CCL9 MOUSE Protein be used in?
CCL9 MOUSE Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for CCL9 MOUSE Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CCL9 MOUSE Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.