Search: 1000 results found for "manf"

Description:

Lipopolysaccharide-Induced TNF Factor Human Recombinant

Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha factor, PIG7, SIMPLE, Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor, LPS-induced TNF-alpha factor, p53-induced gene 7 protein, Small integral membrane protein of lysosome/late endosome, LITAF.

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PRO-1350

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Description

LITAF Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 181 amino acids (1-161) and having a molecular mass of 19.2 kDa. LITAF is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The LITAF solution (0.25mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.4M Urea and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha factor (LITAF) is a small integral membrane protein of lysosome/late endosome. The expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha in Lipopolysaccharide-induced processes is mediated by LITAF. LITAF connects to STAT6B, which belongs to the STAT6 family forming a complex on the TNF-alpha promoter that modifies TNF activity. High levels of expression of LITAF mRNA are observed mostly in the placenta, peripheral blood leukocytes, lymph nodes and spleen.
Synonyms
Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha factor, PIG7, SIMPLE, Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor, LPS-induced TNF-alpha factor, p53-induced gene 7 protein, Small integral membrane protein of lysosome/late endosome, LITAF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MSVPGPYQAA TGPSSAPSAP PSYEETVAVN SYYPTPPAPM PGPTTGLVTG PDGKGMNPPS YYTQPAPIPN NNPITVQTVY VQHPITFLDR PIQMCCPSCN KMIVSQLSYN AGALTWLSCG SLCLLGCIAG CCFIPFCVDA LQDVDHYCPN CRALLGTYKR L.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Human Recombinant

TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, Cachectin, DIF, TNFA, TNFSF2.

Product # :

CYT-223

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Description

Tumor Necrosis Factor-a Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 158 amino acids (157 a.a. of the mature human TNF-alpha and an N-terminal methionine) and having a molecular mass of 17.5kDa. The TNF-alpha is purified by standard chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

TNF-a Human was lyophilized from a concentrated 1mg/ml solution containing 20mM PB, pH-7.2, and 100mM NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The Specific Activity is >5.0×10⁷ IU/mg as determined by the cytolysis of murine L929 cells in the presence of Actinomycin D.

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Introduction
Tumor necrosis factor is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and is a member of a group of cytokines that all stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF is mainly secreted by macrophages.
TNF causes apoptotic cell death, cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, tumorigenesis and viral replication, TNF is also involved in lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF's primary role is in the regulation of immune cells.
Dysregulation and, in particular, overproduction of TNF have been implicated in a variety of human diseases- autoimmune diseases, INS resistance, and cancer.
Synonyms
TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, Cachectin, DIF, TNFA, TNFSF2.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-a although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution TNF-a should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MVRSSSRTPS DKPVAHVVAN PQAEGQLQWL NRRANALLAN GVELRDNQLV VPSEGLYLIY SQVLFKGQGC PSTHVLLTHT ISRIAVSYQT KVNLLSAIKS PCQRETPEGA E AKPWYEPIY LGGVFQLEKG DRLSAEINRP DYLDFAESGQ VYFGIIAL.
Background
TNF Alpha Human: An Overview of Its Role and Importance in Immunology
TNF alpha human, also known as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, is a critical cytokine in the immune system. Macrophages mainly produce this protein, and it plays a key role in inflammation and the acute phase reaction.
This protein is involved in various cellular functions, including cell death, differentiation, proliferation, and immune regulation.
Production and Properties
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha is produced recombinantly in E. coli and consists of a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It includes 157 amino acids of the mature human TNF-alpha and an N-terminal methionine, resulting in a molecular mass of approximately 17.5 kDa.
Furthermore, the protein is purified through standard chromatographic techniques to ensure high purity and biological activity.
Solubility and Usage
The lyophilized form of TNF appears as a sterile, white powder. It is recommended to reconstitute this powder in sterile water to achieve a solution of no less than 100µg/ml.
This solution can then be further diluted for various experimental applications. TNF alpha is used extensively in research, particularly for studying its effects on cell signaling and immune response.
Storage and Stability
For long-term storage, TNF should be kept desiccated below -18°C. Once reconstituted, it should be used within a week if stored at 4°C or kept below -18°C for future use. Avoiding freeze-thaw cycles is crucial to maintain the protein's functionality.
Biological Role and Implications
TNF alpha human is involved in the regulation of immune cells and is known for its role in inflammatory processes.
Dysregulation of TNF alpha production is linked to various diseases, such as autoimmune disorders, insulin resistance, and cancer. It is also a target for therapeutic interventions, particularly in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease.
Mechanism of Action
TNF alpha can induce fever, apoptotic cell death, and can inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication. Moreover, it is a potent mediator of the acute phase reaction, which influences the activity of various cells involved in systemic inflammation.
Research and Clinical Importance
Scientific research on TNF has provided insights into its complex role in disease mechanisms. Its interaction with receptors such as TNFRSF1A underscores its multifaceted effects across different organ systems, from liver function to brain activity.
Ongoing studies continue to explore its therapeutic potential, especially how it can be modulated to treat diseases without harmful side effects.
In essence, TNF alpha human is a versatile and powerful component of the immune system, important for both health and disease. Understanding its pathways and functions helps scientists develop better treatments for various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Human Recombinant, CHO

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, BDNF, MGC34632.

Product # :

CYT-1262

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Description

Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Human Recombinant produced in CHO is a homodimer, polypeptide chain containing 2 x 119 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 27kDa. BDNF Human Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

CHO Cells

Formulation

The protein was lyophilized with 5% trehalose and 1x PBS

Purity

Greater than 97.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE and SEC-HPLC analyses.

Biological Activity

BDNF CHO activity is determined by its ability to bind recombinant human TrkB Fc Chimera in a functional ELISA assay.

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Introduction
BDNF is crucial for the signal survival eukaryotes. BDNF is responsible for the development, repair, adaptation and proper functionality of the nervous system.
BDNF major roles include Neuron survival and development, synaptic flexibility, stress adaptation, Repair and recovery post injury/disease and Pain signaling.
Synonyms
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, BDNF, MGC34632.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized BDNF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution BDNF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized BDNF in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
HSDPARRGE LSVCDSISEW VTAADKKTAV DMSGGTVTVL EKVPVSKGQL KQYFYETKCN PMGYTKEGCR GIDKRHWNSQ CRTTQSYVRA LTMDSKKRIG WRFIRIDTSC VCTLTIKRGR.
Background
Final Thoughts
Although more research is needed on the safety and effectiveness of BDNF human recombinant, trials suggest that this laboratory-produced protein may be effective in managing and treating several neurological and psychiatric disorders. It's important for experts to stay up to date on the latest developments and research to learn more about potential risks and benefits.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of BDNF Protein?
BDNF Protein has a total Mw of 27kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BDNF Protein?
CHO Cells

What is the Purity of BDNF Protein?
BDNF Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BDNF Protein?
BDNF CHO activity is determined by its ability to bind recombinant human TrkB Fc Chimera in a functional ELISA assay.

What is the amino acid sequence of BDNF Protein?
HSDPARRGE LSVCDSISEW VTAADKKTAV DMSGGTVTVL EKVPVSKGQL KQYFYETKCN PMGYTKEGCR GIDKRHWNSQ CRTTQSYVRA LTMDSKKRIG WRFIRIDTSC VCTLTIKRGR.

What applications can BDNF Protein be used in?
BDNF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BDNF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BDNF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
References
Title:Generation of Neurons with Improved Cell Survival and Phenotype Maintenance Using a Degradation-Resistant Nurr1 Mutant†‡
Publication:Article first published online: 11 JUN 2009 DOI: 10.1002/stem.146 Copyright © 2009 AlphaMed Press.
Link:BDNF prospec publication

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor Human Recombinant, His Tag

CSF-2, MGI-1GM, GM-CSF, Pluripoietin-alpha, Molgramostin, Sargramostim, MGC131935, MGC138897.

Product # :

CYT-477

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Description

GMCSF Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 127 amino acids fragment (18-144) and having a molecular mass of 18.98kDa with an amino-terminal hexahistidine tag. GM-CSF Human Recombinant His is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor-His is supplied in 20mM Tris HCl (pH 8) and 50% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
GMCSF is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer. This gene has been localized to a cluster of related genes at chromosome region 5q31, which is known to be associated with interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Other genes in the cluster include those encoding interleukins 4, 5, and 13.
GM-CSF stimulates the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells from various lineages, including granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and erythrocytes. Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor is a potent species-specific growth factor produced by a variety of cell types including T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells and endothelial cells. GM-CSF is produced in response to cytokine or immune stimulation and has been shown to stimulate the proliferation, maturation and function of hematopoietic cells.
Synonyms
CSF-2, MGI-1GM, GM-CSF, Pluripoietin-alpha, Molgramostin, Sargramostim, MGC131935, MGC138897.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. Please avoid freeze thaw cycles.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein?
GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein has a total Mw of 18.98kDa.

What is the source or expression system of GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein?
GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein?
The biological functionality of GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein?
GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein is composed from 127 amino acids.

What applications can GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein be used in?
GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, GM-CSF HUMAN, HIS Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Human Recombinant

Vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-A, Vascular permeability factor, VPF, VEGF, MGC70609.

Product # :

CYT-241

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Description

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a double, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 165 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 38.2kDa.The VEGF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The VEGF protein was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) solution with no additives.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using a concentration range of 3.7-5.6 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 178,570-270,270IU/mg.

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Introduction
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important signaling protein involved in vessel formation As its name implies, VEGF activity has been mostly studied on cells of the vascular endothelium, although it does have effects on a number of other cell types (e.g. stimulation monocyte/macrophage migration, neurons, cancer cells, kidney epithelial cells ). VEGF mediates increased vascular permeability, induces vasculogenesis and endothelial cell production, promotes cell migration, and inhibits apoptosis. In vitro, VEGF has been shown to stimulate endothelial cell mitogenesis and cell migration. VEGF is also a vasodilator and increases microvascular permeability and was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor. VEGF is located in normal cartilage though only osteoarthritic cartilage expresses the VEGF receptors, NP1, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. The VEGF level in the culture media from OA chondrocytes was more than 3 folds higher than in media from normal chondrocytes
Synonyms
Vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-A, Vascular permeability factor, VPF, VEGF, MGC70609.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized VEGF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution VEGF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized VEGF in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
APMAEGGGQN HHEVVKFMDV YQRSYCHPIE TLVDIFQEYP DEIEYIFKPS CVPLMRCGGC CNDEGLECVP TEESNITMQI MRIKPHQGQH IGEMSFLQHN KCECRPKKDR ARQENPCGPC SERRKHLFVQ DPQTCKCSCK NTDSRCKARQ LELNERTCRC DKPRR
Protein content
VEGF protein quantitation was carried out by two independent methods:1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.2875 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENE computer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics). 2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a calibrated solution of VEGF as a Reference Standard.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Bcl2 Modifying Factor, Isoform 3 Human Recombinant

Bcl-2-modifying factor, FLJ00065, BMF.

Product # :

PRO-700

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Description

Bcl2 modifying factor Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 144 amino acids (1-129 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 15.6 kDa.The Bcl2 modifying factor is fused to 15 amino acid His Tag at Nterminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The Bcl2 modifying factor solution contains 20mM Tris pH-7.5, 1mM DTT & 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Bcl2 modifying factor, is a member of the Bcl2 protein family of apoptosis mediators. Bcl2 modifying factor is widely expressed in many tissues.
Bcl2 modifying factor contains a single Bcl2 homology domain 3 (BH3), and binds Bcl2 proteins and functions as an apoptotic activator. Also, Bcl2 modifying factor is important for histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors which alters the balance between acetylation and deacetylation, significantly increasing histone acetylation, while strongly inducing apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell types. Bcl2 modifying factor supports Bim in regulating cell death processes in response to many stimuli. A synergistic role for bim and Bcl2 modifying factor in an apoptotic pathway leading to the clearance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae -infected cells.
Synonyms
Bcl-2-modifying factor, FLJ00065, BMF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MASMTGGQQM GRGSHMEPSQ CVEELEDDVF QPEDGEPVTQ PGSLLSADLF AQSLLDCPLS RLQLFPLTHC CGPGLRPTSQ EDKATQTLSPASPSQGVMLP CGVTEEPQRL FYAPAEPKSC VVADPPLPAQ PCFEWRREQE RGRP.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Precursor Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Human Recombinant

proBDNF, Precursor Form Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor.

Product # :

CYT-014

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Description

proBDNF Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, non-covalently linked homodimer with each polypeptide chain containing 229 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 52kDa. The proBDNF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

proBDNF was lyophilized from a concentrated (0.5mg/ml) solution in 20mM PB, pH 8.0 and 500mM NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
proBDNF (the precursor form of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) interacts preferentially with p75NTR (the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75) and vps10p domain-containing receptor sortilin and induces neuronal apoptosis, while the mature BDNF selectively binds with great affinity to the TrkB kinase receptor and promotes the survival, growth and differentiation of neurons. Since proneurotrophins and mature neurotrophins bring forth opposite biological effects, proBDNF cleavage in the neuronal system is regulated in a specific and cell-context dependent manner. proBDNF has an important role in negative regulation of neurotrophic actions in the brain.
Synonyms
proBDNF, Precursor Form Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized proBDNF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution proBDNF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized proBDNF in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Met-Ala-Pro-Met-Lys.
Background
Precursor Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Human Recombinant: Unveiling the Potential of a Key Neurotrophic Factor
Abstract:
Precursor Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (proBDNF) human recombinant is a pivotal neurotrophic factor that plays a critical role in neuronal development, survival, and synaptic plasticity. This research paper provides a comprehensive overview of proBDNF, including its characteristics, processing mechanisms, and potential therapeutic applications. Furthermore, innovative methodologies for the production and optimization of proBDNF human recombinant are proposed, highlighting its future implications in the field of neuroregenerative medicine.
Introduction:
Understanding the intricate processes underlying neuronal development and function is crucial for advancing neuroregenerative strategies. Neurotrophic factors, such as proBDNF, have garnered significant attention due to their pivotal roles in supporting neuronal growth and survival. This paper delves into the unique features of proBDNF and presents novel approaches for its production and optimization.
Characteristics and Processing Mechanisms:
proBDNF is a precursor protein consisting of 247 amino acids and is processed into mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) through proteolytic cleavage. The ratio between proBDNF and mBDNF is tightly regulated and determines the balance between neuronal survival and apoptosis. Additionally, proBDNF exerts distinct biological functions through its receptor interactions, modulating synaptic plasticity and neuronal activity.
Production of proBDNF Human Recombinant:
Efficient production methodologies are essential to harness the therapeutic potential of proBDNF human recombinant. Various expression systems, including bacterial, yeast, and mammalian cell-based platforms, have been explored. Each system presents unique advantages and challenges, necessitating careful selection to achieve high yields and protein quality. Optimization strategies, such as codon optimization, fusion protein tags, and growth conditions, have been employed to enhance production efficiency. Purification techniques, such as affinity chromatography and size exclusion chromatography, have been optimized to isolate high-quality proBDNF recombinant.
Potential Therapeutic Applications:
proBDNF human recombinant holds immense promise for neuroregenerative medicine. Its role in promoting neuronal survival, axonal growth, and synaptic plasticity positions it as a valuable therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative disorders, spinal cord injuries, and stroke. Additionally, the balance between proBDNF and mBDNF presents a potential therapeutic target for fine-tuning neuronal processes and restoring proper brain function.
Conclusion:
proBDNF human recombinant represents a crucial neurotrophic factor with diverse therapeutic applications in neuroregenerative medicine. Optimizing production methodologies and further understanding its processing mechanisms will enhance its clinical utility. With its potential implications in neurodegenerative disorders and neuronal repair, proBDNF human recombinant holds immense promise as a transformative tool for promoting neural health and regeneration.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of BDNF Protein?
BDNF Protein has a total Mw of 52kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BDNF Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of BDNF Protein?
BDNF Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BDNF Protein?
The biological functionality of BDNF Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of BDNF Protein?
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Met-Ala-Pro-Met-Lys.

What applications can BDNF Protein be used in?
BDNF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BDNF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BDNF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Transforming Growth Factor-Alpha Human Recombinant

Transforming Growth Factor Alpha, Protransforming Growth Factor Alpha, TGF-Alpha, TGFA.

Product # :

CYT-871

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Description

TGFA Human Recombinant (40-89) produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 50 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 5.6kDa. The TGFA is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution in 0.1% TFA.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED₅₀, as measured in a proliferation assay using mouse BALB/c 3T3 cells, is 0.395ng/ml.

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Introduction
Transforming Growth Factor-Alpha (TGF-alpha) belongs to the EGF family of cytokines. TGFA soluble form is discharged from the membrane by proteolytic cleavage. Membrane-bound proTGF-alpha is biologically active and has a role in cell-cell adhesion or in the stimulation of adjacent cells. TGFA expression is common in transformed cells. Additionally, TGFA is expressed in normal tissues during embryogenesis and in adult cells/tissues, including the pituitary, keratinocytes, and macrophages.
Synonyms
Transforming Growth Factor Alpha, Protransforming Growth Factor Alpha, TGF-Alpha, TGFA.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized TGFA although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution TGFA should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized TGFA in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
VVSHFNDCPD SHTQFCFHGT CRFLVQEDKP ACVCHSGYVG ARCEHADLLA.
Background
Title: Transforming Growth Factor-Alpha Human Recombinant, Yeast: A Versatile Biopharmaceutical for Therapeutic Applications
Abstract:

Transforming Growth Factor-Alpha (TGF-α) is a potent growth factor involved in numerous physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair. The development of TGF-α human recombinant using yeast expression systems has provided a valuable biopharmaceutical tool for therapeutic applications. This research paper explores the production process, characteristics, and potential therapeutic applications of TGF-α human recombinant derived from yeast, highlighting its versatility and clinical significance.
Introduction:

TGF-α is a crucial growth factor that regulates cellular functions and plays a vital role in tissue development and repair. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of TGF-α has been limited by challenges in its production and stability. However, the development of TGF-α human recombinant using yeast expression systems has overcome these limitations, making it an attractive biopharmaceutical for therapeutic interventions.
Production Process and Characteristics:

TGF-α human recombinant derived from yeast is produced through recombinant DNA technology, utilizing yeast cells as expression hosts. Yeast expression systems offer several advantages, including high expression yields, cost-effectiveness, and the ability to produce correctly folded and biologically active TGF-α. The resulting TGF-α human recombinant closely resembles native TGF-α in terms of structure and function, allowing for effective therapeutic intervention.
Therapeutic Applications:

TGF-α human recombinant derived from yeast has shown promise in various therapeutic applications. It has been investigated for its wound-healing properties, where it promotes tissue regeneration and accelerates the healing process. Additionally, TGF-α has been explored in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, playing a crucial role in stimulating cell proliferation and tissue development. Furthermore, TGF-α has been studied in the context of cancer research, as it is involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis, making it a potential target for anticancer therapies.
Advantages and Challenges:

The use of yeast expression systems for producing TGF-α human recombinant offers several advantages, including scalability, cost-effectiveness, and the ability to produce bioactive protein. However, challenges remain, such as optimizing production processes, purification methods, and ensuring product consistency and stability. Further research is needed to address these challenges and maximize the clinical potential of TGF-α human recombinant derived from yeast.
Conclusion:

TGF-α human recombinant derived from yeast represents a versatile biopharmaceutical tool with significant therapeutic potential. Its production using yeast expression systems offers advantages in terms of scalability, cost-effectiveness, and bioactivity. The therapeutic applications of TGF-α human recombinant extend to wound healing, tissue engineering, and cancer research. Continued research and development efforts are crucial to optimizing production processes, overcoming challenges, and fully exploiting the clinical benefits of TGF-α human recombinant as a therapeutic agent.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

GDNF Family Receptor Alpha 3 Human Recombinant, Sf9

GDNF Family Receptor Alpha3, GDNFR-alpha-3, GFR-alpha-3, GDNF Receptor Alpha-3, GDNFR3, GDNF Family Receptor Alpha-3, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptor Alpha-3, GPI-Linked Receptor, GFRA3.

Product # :

CYT-1013

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Description

GFRA3 Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 585 amino acids (32-374) and having a molecular mass of 65.5kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 70-100kDa). GFRA3 is fused to a 239 amino acid hIgG-His-Tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Formulation

GFRA3 protein solution (0.25mg/ml) containing Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 85.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
GDNF Family Receptor Alpha 3 (GFRA3) belongs to the GDNF receptor family. GFRA3 creates a signaling receptor complex with RET tyrosine kinase receptor and binds the ligand, artemin (ARTN).
Synonyms
GDNF Family Receptor Alpha3, GDNFR-alpha-3, GFR-alpha-3, GDNF Receptor Alpha-3, GDNFR3, GDNF Family Receptor Alpha-3, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptor Alpha-3, GPI-Linked Receptor, GFRA3.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
ADPDPLPTES RLMNSCLQAR RKCQADPTCS AAYHHLDSCT SSISTPLPSE EPSVPADCLE AAQQLRNSSL IGCMCHRRMK NQVACLDIYW TVHRARSLGN YELDVSPYED TVTSKPWKMN LSKLNMLKPD SDLCLKFAML CTLNDKCDRL RKAYGEACSG PHCQRHVCLR QLLTFFEKAA EPHAQGLLLC PCAPNDRGCG ERRRNTIAPN CALPPVAPNC LELRRLCFSD PLCRSRLVDF QTHCHPMDIL GTCATEQSRC LRAYLGLIGT AMTPNFVSNV NTSVALSCTC RGSGNLQEEC EMLEGFFSHN PCLTEAIAAK MRFHSQLFSQ DWPHPTFAVM AHQNENLEPK SCDKTHTCPP CPAPELLGGP SVFLFPPKPK DTLMISRTPE VTCVVVDVSH EDPEVKFNWY VDGVEVHNAK TKPREEQYNS TYRVVSVLTV LHQDWLNGKE YKCKVSNKAL PAPIEKTISK AKGQPREPQV YTLPPSRDEL TKNQVSLTCL VKGFYPSDIA VEWESNGQPE NNYKTTPPVL DSDGSFFLYS KLTVDKSRWQ QGNVFSCSVM HEALHNHYTQ KSLSLSPGKH HHHHH.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein has a total Mw of 65.5kDa.

What is the source or expression system of GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
What is the Purity of GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein is >85% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
The biological functionality of GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
ADPDPLPTES RLMNSCLQAR RKCQADPTCS AAYHHLDSCT SSISTPLPSE EPSVPADCLE AAQQLRNSSL IGCMCHRRMK NQVACLDIYW TVHRARSLGN YELDVSPYED TVTSKPWKMN LSKLNMLKPD SDLCLKFAML CTLNDKCDRL RKAYGEACSG PHCQRHVCLR QLLTFFEKAA EPHAQGLLLC PCAPNDRGCG ERRRNTIAPN CALPPVAPNC LELRRLCFSD PLCRSRLVDF QTHCHPMDIL GTCATEQSRC LRAYLGLIGT AMTPNFVSNV NTSVALSCTC RGSGNLQEEC EMLEGFFSHN PCLTEAIAAK MRFHSQLFSQ DWPHPTFAVM AHQNENLEPK SCDKTHTCPP CPAPELLGGP SVFLFPPKPK DTLMISRTPE VTCVVVDVSH EDPEVKFNWY VDGVEVHNAK TKPREEQYNS TYRVVSVLTV LHQDWLNGKE YKCKVSNKAL PAPIEKTISK AKGQPREPQV YTLPPSRDEL TKNQVSLTCL VKGFYPSDIA VEWESNGQPE NNYKTTPPVL DSDGSFFLYS KLTVDKSRWQ QGNVFSCSVM HEALHNHYTQ KSLSLSPGKH HHHHH.

What applications can GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein be used in?
GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, GFRA3 HUMAN, SF9 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor Human Recombinant

Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, CSF-1, Lanimostim, MCSF, MGC31930, M-CSF.

Product # :

CYT-308

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Description

Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a disulfide linked homodimer, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 2 x 159 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 37.1 KD. MCSF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The MCSF protein was lyophilized with 10mM sodium Phosphate, pH-8.0 & 50mM NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of murine M-NFS-60 indicator cells was found to be 1.15ng/ml corresponding to a specific activity of 8.7x10⁵ Units/mg.

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Introduction
Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factors are cytokines that act in hematopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of 2 related white cell populations of the blood, the granulocytes and the monocytes-macrophages. MCSF induces cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. MCSF plays a role in immunological defenses, bone metabolism, lipoproteins clearance, fertility and pregnancy.
Synonyms
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor, CSF-1, Lanimostim, MCSF, MGC31930, M-CSF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized MCSF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution MCSF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized MCSF in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MEEVSEYCSH MIGSGHLQSL QRLIDSQMET SCQITFEFVD QEQLKDPVCY LKKAFLLVQD IMEDTMRFRD NTPNAIAIVQ LQELSLRLKS CFTKDYEEHD KACVRTFYET PLQLLEKVKN VFNETKNLLD KDWNIFSKNC NNSFAECSSQ GHERQSEGS.
Background
M-CSF (Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor) Human Recombinant: Unraveling Its Role in Macrophage Biology and Beyond
Abstract:
M-CSF (Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor), also known as Lanimostim, MCSF, or MGC31930, is a crucial growth factor that regulates the development, proliferation, and function of macrophages.
This research paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the molecular characteristics, signaling pathways, and diverse physiological functions of M-CSF. Additionally, it explores the therapeutic implications of M-CSF in various diseases and disorders.
Synonyms such as Lanimostim, MCSF, and MGC31930 associated with the protein are discussed throughout the paper to highlight their relevance in scientific literature.
Introduction:
1. M-CSF, also known as Lanimostim, MCSF, or MGC31930, is a growth factor that plays a critical role in the regulation of macrophage biology. This section introduces M-CSF and its synonyms, highlighting their significance and relevance in scientific research.
Molecular Characteristics of M-CSF:
1. This section explores the molecular characteristics of M-CSF, including its primary amino acid sequence, protein structure, and post-translational modifications. The importance of these factors in determining M-CSF's biological activity and receptor binding is discussed.
Signaling Pathways Activated by M-CSF:
1. M-CSF activates specific signaling pathways upon binding to its receptor, leading to diverse cellular responses. This section focuses on the activation of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. The downstream effectors and transcriptional regulators involved in mediating M-CSF's cellular responses are also discussed.
Physiological Functions of M-CSF:
1. M-CSF plays critical roles in various physiological processes, particularly in macrophage development, survival, polarization, and immune regulation. This section provides an in-depth analysis of M-CSF's contributions to these processes, emphasizing its role in hematopoiesis, tissue homeostasis, wound healing, and host defense.
Therapeutic Implications of M-CSF:
1. The unique properties of M-CSF make it a promising therapeutic candidate for various diseases and disorders. This section discusses the potential applications of M-CSF in immunotherapy, tissue regeneration, cancer treatment, and autoimmune diseases. The challenges and future directions in utilizing M-CSF as a therapeutic agent are also explored.
M-CSF in Disease Pathogenesis:
1. M-CSF dysregulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and bone disorders. This section examines the role of M-CSF in promoting tumor progression, macrophage-mediated inflammation, osteoclast differentiation, and metabolic diseases. The therapeutic implications and targeting of M-CSF in disease management are also discussed.
Conclusion:
1. M-CSF, also known as Lanimostim, MCSF, or MGC31930, is a critical growth factor involved in macrophage biology and disease pathogenesis. Understanding the molecular characteristics, signaling pathways, and physiological functions of M-CSF contributes to the exploration of its therapeutic potential in various disorders.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Stem Cell Factor Human Recombinant, HEK

Kit ligand Precursor, C-kit ligand, SCF, Mast cell growth factor, MGF, SF, KL-1, Kitl, DKFZp686F2250.

Product # :

CYT-111

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Description

SCF Human Recombinant produced in HEK cells is a glycosylated monomer, having a molecular weight range of 35-45kDa due to glycosylation.The SCF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

HEK.

Formulation

SCF was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution (1mg/ml) containing 1xPBS.

Purity

Greater than 95% as obsereved by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The specific activity was determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells (human erythroleukemic indicator cell line).
The EC₅₀ is 15.25ng/ml.

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Introduction
Stem cell factor / KIT ligand (SCF) is a cytokine which binds CD117(c-Kit). SCF is also known as "steel factor" or "c-kit ligand". SCF exists in two forms, cell surface bound SCF and soluble (or free) SCF. Soluble SCF is produced by the cleavage of surface bound SCF by metalloproteases. SCF is a growth factor important for the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and other hematopoietic progenitor cells. One of its roles is to change the BFU-E (burst-forming unit-erythroid) cells, which are the earliest erythrocyte precursors in the erythrocytic series, into the CFU-E (colony-forming unit-erythroid).
Synonyms
Kit ligand Precursor, C-kit ligand, SCF, Mast cell growth factor, MGF, SF, KL-1, Kitl, DKFZp686F2250.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized SCF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution SCF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized SCF in sterile PBS containing 0.1% endotoxin-free recombinant HSA.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 4 Human Recombinant

TNFRSF4, TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 4, TAX Transcriptionally-Activated Glycoprotein 1 Receptor, OX40L Receptor, ACT35 Antigen, CD134 Antigen, TXGP1L, Tax-Transcriptionally Activated Glycoprotein 1 Receptor, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 4, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 4 , Lymphoid Activation Antigene ACT35, OX40 Cell Surface Antigen, OX40 Homologue , ATC35 Antigen, OX40 Antigen , ACT35, CD134, IMD16, OX40.

Product # :

CYT-1039

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Description

TNFRSF4 produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 425 amino acids (29-214a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 46.9Da. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa). TNFRSF4 is expressed with a 239 amino acid higG-His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Formulation

TNFRSF4 protein solution (0.5mg/ml) contains Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA with mouse OX40 Ligand/TNFSF4 The ED50 range ≤ 0.15 ug/ml.

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Introduction
TNFRSF4, also known as TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 4, is a T cell co-stimulatory molecule which belongs to the TNF receptor superfamily. TNFRSF4 coordinates with other co-stimulatory substances such as CD28, CD40, CD30, CD27 and 4-1BB to control the activation of the immune response. TNFRSF4 takes a vital part in antigen-specific T cell expansion as well as survival. TNFRSF4 is up-regulated on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells upon engagement of the TCR by antigen presenting cells along with co-stimulation by CD40-CD40 Ligand and CD28-B7. In addition, TNFRSF4 regulates cytokine production from T cells, antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells and natural killer cells. TNFRSF4 regulates cytokine receptor signaling.
Synonyms
TNFRSF4, TNF Receptor Superfamily Member 4, TAX Transcriptionally-Activated Glycoprotein 1 Receptor, OX40L Receptor, ACT35 Antigen, CD134 Antigen, TXGP1L, Tax-Transcriptionally Activated Glycoprotein 1 Receptor, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 4, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 4 , Lymphoid Activation Antigene ACT35, OX40 Cell Surface Antigen, OX40 Homologue , ATC35 Antigen, OX40 Antigen , ACT35, CD134, IMD16, OX40.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
LHCVGDTYPS NDRCCHECRP GNGMVSRCSR SQNTVCRPCG PGFYNDVVSS KPCKPCTWCN LRSGSERKQL CTATQDTVCR CRAGTQPLDS YKPGVDCAPC PPGHFSPGDN QACKPWTNCT LAGKHTLQPA SNSSDAICED RDPPATQPQE TQGPPARPIT VQPTEAWPRT SQGPSTRPVE VPGGRALEPK SCDKTHTCPP CPAPELLGGP SVFLFPPKPK DTLMISRTPE VTCVVVDVSH EDPEVKFNWY VDGVEVHNAK TKPREEQYNS TYRVVSVLTV LHQDWLNGKE YKCKVSNKAL PAPIEKTISK AKGQPREPQV YTLPPSRDEL TKNQVSLTCL VKGFYPSDIA VEWESNGQPE NNYKTTPPVL DSDGSFFLYS KLTVDKSRWQ QGNVFSCSVM HEALHNHYTQ KSLSLSPGKH HHHHH

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor Human Recombinant, Sf9

CSF-2, MGI-1GM, GMCSF, Pluripoietin-alpha, Molgramostin, Sargramostim.

Product # :

CYT-416

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Description

GM-CSF Human Recombinant produced in insect cells is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 127 amino acids (18-144) and having a molecular mass of 14.6kDa. GM-CSF is fused to a C-terminal His -tag (6x His) and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Insect Cells.

Formulation

The protein was lyophilized with PBS.

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells (human erythroleukemic indicator cell line) is < 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 10,000,000IU/mg.

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Introduction
GMCSF is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes and macrophages. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer. This gene has been localized to a cluster of related genes at chromosome region 5q31, which is known to be associated with interstitial deletions in the 5q- syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Other genes in the cluster include those encoding interleukins 4, 5, and 13.
GM-CSF stimulates the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells from various lineages, including granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and erythrocytes.
Synonyms
CSF-2, MGI-1GM, GMCSF, Pluripoietin-alpha, Molgramostin, Sargramostim.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution GMCSF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-Pro-Ala-Arg-Ser.
Background
Recombinant Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GMCSF) is a protein that plays a crucial role in the production and differentiation of white blood cells, including granulocytes and macrophages. It is a potent stimulator of hematopoietic stem cells, which are responsible for the production of all blood cells in the body. Recombinant GMCSF is a synthetic version of the protein that is produced using recombinant DNA technology.
Recombinant GMCSF has been extensively studied for its potential therapeutic applications in a variety of medical conditions, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. In cancer, GMCSF is used as an immunostimulatory agent to enhance the immune response against cancer cells. By stimulating the production and differentiation of white blood cells, GM-CSF can increase the number of immune cells that can recognize and attack cancer cells. This approach has been successfully used in the treatment of several types of cancer, including melanoma and leukemia.
In autoimmune diseases, recombinant GMCSF has been investigated as a potential treatment for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. These diseases are characterized by an overactive immune response that attacks healthy tissues in the body. By modulating the immune response, GMCSF may be able to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage to affected tissues.
In infectious diseases, recombinant GMCSF has been studied as a potential treatment for conditions such as sepsis and HIV/AIDS. In sepsis, a severe bacterial infection, GMCSF may be able to stimulate the production of white blood cells and improve the immune response against the infection. In HIV/AIDS, GMCSF may be able to enhance the immune response against the virus and reduce the risk of opportunistic infections.
Recombinant GMCSF is typically administered by injection, either directly into the affected tissue or into the bloodstream. It is generally well-tolerated, although some patients may experience side effects such as fever, fatigue, and muscle pain.
In conclusion, recombinant GMCSF is a promising therapeutic agent with potential applications in a variety of medical conditions. Its ability to stimulate the production and differentiation of white blood cells makes it a valuable tool in the treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. Ongoing research is likely to uncover new uses for this protein and further refine its therapeutic potential.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein has a total Mw of 14.6kDa.

What is the source or expression system of GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
Insect Cells.
What is the Purity of GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells (human erythroleukemic indicator cell line) is < 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 10,000,000IU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-Pro-Ala-Arg-Ser.

What applications can GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein be used in?
GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, GM- CSF HUMAN, SF9 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Myotrophin Human Recombinant

Protein V-1, GCDP, Myotrophin, FLJ31098, FLJ99857.

Product # :

CYT-723

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Description

MTPN Recombinant Human produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 138 amino acids (1-118 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 15 kDa. The MTPN is fused to 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

MTPN Human solution containing 20mM Tris-HCl pH-8 and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
MTPN is an ankyrin repeat protein, that stimulates protein synthesis and cardiomyocyte growth to commence cardiac hypertrophy by activating the NF-kappaB signaling cascade. Myotrophin participates in cerebellar morphogenesis and takes part in differentiation of cerebellar neurons, particularly of granule cells. High levels of MTPN are expressed in human dilated cardiomyopathic and ischemic hearts.
Synonyms
Protein V-1, GCDP, Myotrophin, FLJ31098, FLJ99857.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MCDKEFMWAL KNGDLDEVKD YVAKGEDVNR TLEGGRKPLH YAADCGQLEI LEFLLLKGAD INAPDKHHIT PLLSAVYEGH VSCVKLLLSK GADKTVKGPD GLTAFEATDN QAIKALLQ.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Nuclear Transport Factor 2 Human Recombinant

Nuclear transport factor 2, NTF-2, Placental protein 15, PP15, NUTF2, NTF2.

Product # :

PRO-844

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NUTF2 Recombinant E.coli produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 147 amino acids (1-127 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 16.6 kDa. The NUTF2 is fused to 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

NUTF2 Human solution containing 20mM Tris HCL pH-8, & 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
NUTF2 assists in protein transport into the nucleus and interacts with the nucleoporin p62 and with Ran. NUTF2 plays a role at a relatively late stage of nuclear protein import, subsequent to the initial docking of nuclear import ligand at the nuclear envelope. NUTF2 is part of a multicomponent system of cytosolic factors that come together at the pore complex during nuclear import.
Synonyms
Nuclear transport factor 2, NTF-2, Placental protein 15, PP15, NUTF2, NTF2.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGDKPIWEQI GSSFIQHYYQ LFDNDRTQLG AIYIDASCLT WEGQQFQGKA AIVEKLSSLP FQKIQHSITA QDHQPTPDSC IISMVVGQLK ADEDPIMGFH QMFLLKNIND AWVCTNDMFR LALHNFG.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Connective Tissue Growth Factor Human Recombinant

CCN2, NOV2, HCS24, IGFBP8, MGC102839, CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor.

Product # :

CYT-541

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Description

CTGF Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 98 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 11.2 kDa. The CTGF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

CTGF was Lyophilized from a sterile filtered aqueous solution containing 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA).

Purity

Purity of CTGF is greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of HUVEC cells. The expected ED50 for this effect is 1-2µg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 500-1000units/mg.

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Introduction
Connective Tissue Growth Factor belongs to the CCN family of proteins. The CCN family presently consists of six members in human also known as: Cyr61 (Cystein rich 61), CTGF (Connective Tissue Growth Factor), Nov (Nephroblastoma Overexpressed gene), WISP-1, 2 and 3 (Wnt-1 Induced Secreted Proteins). The CCN genes encode secreted proteins associated with the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and cell membrane.
CCN proteins are matricellular proteins which are involved in the regulation of various cellular functions including: proliferation, differentiation, survival, adhesion and migration. They are expressed in derivatives of the three embryonic sheets and are implicated in the development of kidney, nervous system, muscle, bone marrow, cartilage and bone. During adulthood, they are implicated in wound healing, bone fracture repair, and pathologies such as: fibrosis, vascular ailments and tumorigenesis.
Full length secreted CCN proteins can show an antiproliferative activity, whereas truncated isoforms are likely to stimulate proliferation and behave as oncogenes.
The full length protein consists of four modulesModule I shares partial identity with the N-terminal part of the IGFBPs.
Module II includes a stretch of 70amino acid residues – which shares sequence identity with the Von Willebrand Factor Type C repeat (VWC).
Module III contains sequences sharing identity with the Thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSP1) (WSXCSXXCG), which is thought to be implicated in the binding of sulfated glycoconjugates and to be important for cell adhesion.
Module IV, also designated CT, is encoded by exon5. It is the leasts conserved one of the four domains at the level of nucleotide sequence, but it appears to be critical for several of the biological functions attributed to the CCN proteins. Module IV resembles the CT domain of several extracellular protein including, Von Willebrand's factor and mucins. Sequence similarities to binding motifs are also found within this domain.
Proteolysis of the secreted full-length CCN proteins that has been reported in the case of CCN2 and CCN3 might result in the production of CCN-derived peptides with high affinity for ligands that full-length CNN proteins bind only poorly. Amino-truncated CCN2 isoforms were biologically active whereas no specific biological activity has been attributed to the truncated CCN3. Although the molecular processes underlying the production of these secreted isoforms is presently unknown, it is important to note that proteolysis occur at the same amino acid residues in both CCN2 and CCN3. An elevated expression of CCN2 has also been detected by Northern blotting in human invasive mammary ductal carcinomas, dermatofibromas, pyogenic granuloma, endothelial cells of angiolipomas and angioleiomyomas, and in pancreatic tumors. A study performed with chondrosarcomas representative of various histological grades established that CCN2 expression was closely correlated with increasing levels of malignancy.
In agreement with CCN2 playing a role in brain tumor angiogenesis, immunocytochemistry studies indicated that both glioblastoma tumor cells and proliferating endothelial cells stained positive for CCN2. In astrocytomas, CCN2 expression was particularly elevated in high grade tumors, with a marked effect of CCN2 on cell proliferation. Downregulation of CCN2 expression in these cells was associated with a growth arrest at the G1/S transition while over-expression of CCN2 induced a two-fold increase of the number of cells in the G1 phase. Gene profiling analysis allowed to identify a set of about 50 genes whose expression might account for the proliferative activity of CCN2 in these cells.
CCN2 was seen in a higher proportion of mononuclear cells of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Synonyms
CCN2, NOV2, HCS24, IGFBP8, MGC102839, CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized CTGF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution CTGF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized CTGF in sterile 18MΩcm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGKKCIRTPK ISKPIKFELS GCTSMKTYRA KFCGVCTDGR CCTPHRTTTL PVEFKCPDGE VMKKNMMFIK TCACHYNCPG DNDIFESLYY RKMYGDMA.
Background
Title: Connective Tissue Growth Factor Human Recombinant: Insights into Production, Function, and Therapeutic Potential
Abstract:

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a multifunctional protein that plays a critical role in tissue homeostasis and repair. This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of human recombinant CTGF, focusing on its production, characterization, and potential therapeutic applications. The paper discusses the significance of CTGF in connective tissue development, fibrosis, and wound healing. Furthermore, it explores the ongoing research and clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of recombinant CTGF in various pathological conditions. The information presented in this paper aims to deepen our understanding of human recombinant CTGF and its utility as a research tool and a potential therapeutic agent.
Introduction:

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a secreted protein that belongs to the CCN (Cyr61, CTGF, Nov) family. It is involved in diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and angiogenesis. Human recombinant CTGF, produced through genetic engineering techniques, enables researchers to study its biological functions and explore its therapeutic potential.
Production and Characterization:

Recombinant CTGF is typically generated using expression systems such as mammalian cells or bacteria. The protein is then purified and characterized to ensure its structural integrity and functional activity. Quality control measures are implemented to confirm the specificity and biological activity of the recombinant CTGF.
Role in Tissue Homeostasis and Repair:

CTGF plays a critical role in connective tissue development, maintenance, and repair. It promotes the synthesis of extracellular matrix components, such as collagen and fibronectin, and regulates the activity of various growth factors. CTGF is also involved in wound healing and tissue remodeling processes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying CTGF-mediated tissue repair provides insights into potential therapeutic interventions.
Therapeutic Implications:

The dysregulation of CTGF expression and signaling has been implicated in several pathological conditions, including fibrosis, arthritis, and cancer. Recombinant CTGF holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for these diseases. Preclinical and clinical studies are being conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CTGF-based therapies, such as CTGF-targeting antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors.
Conclusion:

Human recombinant CTGF is a valuable research tool and a potential therapeutic target in various pathological conditions. Its production, characterization, and applications in connective tissue biology contribute to our understanding of tissue repair mechanisms and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Continued research and clinical trials exploring the therapeutic potential of recombinant CTGF offer promising avenues for improving patient outcomes.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of CTGF Protein?
CTGF Protein has a total Mw of 11.2kDa.

What is the source or expression system of CTGF Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of CTGF Protein?
CTGF Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of CTGF Protein?
Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of HUVEC cells. The expected ED50 for this effect is 1-2µg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 500-1000units/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of CTGF Protein?
MGKKCIRTPK ISKPIKFELS GCTSMKTYRA KFCGVCTDGR CCTPHRTTTL PVEFKCPDGE VMKKNMMFIK TCACHYNCPG DNDIFESLYY RKMYGDMA.

What applications can CTGF Protein be used in?
CTGF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for CTGF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CTGF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

IGF-1 Human Recombinant

Somatomedin C, IGF-I, IGFI, IGF1, IGF-IA MGF.

Product # :

CYT-216

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Description

IGF1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 70 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 7.6kDa.IGF-1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The protein was lyophilized from a concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.0.

Purity

Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The biological activity was determined by the cell proliferation assay using serum free human MCF-7 cells in <2ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of >5.0 x 105IU/mg.

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Introduction
The somatomedins, IGFs, comprise a family of peptides that play important roles in mammalian growth and development. IGF1 mediates many of the growth-promoting effects of GH. Early studies showed that GH did not directly stimulate the incorporation of sulfate into cartilage, but rather acted through a serum factor, termed 'sulfation factor,' which later became known as 'somatomedin. Three main somatomedins have been characterized: somatomedin C (IGF1), somatomedin A (IGF2; MIM 147470), and somatomedin B.
Synonyms
Somatomedin C, IGF-I, IGFI, IGF1, IGF-IA MGF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized IGF1 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution IGF1 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized IGF-1 in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
GPETLCGAEL VDALQFVCGD RGFYFNKPTG YGSSSRRAPQ TGIVDECCFR SCDLRRLEMY CAPLKPAKSA.
Background
IGF stands for INS like growth factors, which are proteins that have a high similarity to INS. They are part of a complicated process that uses cells to communication with the physiologic environment around them. IGF’s complex system is often called the ‘axis’. This consists of:
● Two cell-surface receptors (IGF1R and IGF2R)
● Two ligands (IGF-1 and IGF-2)
● A family of six high-affinity IGF-binding proteins.
● Proteases.
The Effect IGF Has On The Body
Many unique tissue types express the IGF-1 receptor, and the effects can vary. It induces the survival of neurons, may catalyse skeletal muscle hypertrophy by inducing protein synthesis, and by blocking muscle atrophy. It works as a protector for cartilage cells, and may work to be an anabolic factor for the bones. When used in high concentrations, it can activate the INS receptor, and can even complement the effects that INS has on the body.
Diseases And IGF
Diseases and IGF are closely related, and a number of them can be affected. The INS IGF axis is thought to have an effect on aging, with an increased life span shown in fruit flies when used in studies.
It is also important to note the crucial role that IGF plays in cancer and diabetes - IGF- 1 has been shown to stimulate growth in both prostate and breast cancer cells. The degree of risk that IGF-1 poses is up for debate, and many scientists are not in agreement. IGF has also shown to have the ability to decrease blood glucose levels, although not quite as effective as INS.
How Was IGF Discovered?
Investigators began studying the effects of biological substances on cells and tissues outside the body when IGFs were discovered. The name is self explanatory in the fact that IGF performs INS actions in some tissues, but is less potent than INS at decreasing blood sugar. Its fundamental action is to stimulate growth, whether that be within the epidermal growth factor or the nerve growth factor.
What’s The Difference Between IGF-1 And IGF-2?
The two types of IGF are IGF-1 and IGF-2. Although the names are similar, the specific actions that they take are different - they bind and activate completely difference receptors. The major actor in them both is the effect that they have on cell growth. Most of the actions of the pituitary GH are mediated by IGFs, but predominantly IGF-1. GH works to stimulate many tissues within the body, especially the liver which then secretes IGF-1. This then causes hypertrophy, or in layman's terms, an increase in cell size, as well as hyperplasia which is an increase in the number of cells.
The IGF-1 concentration will increase during childhood and hit peak during puberty, but will then decrease afterwards, as does the hormone secretion itself. It has been proven that children and adults with a deficiency of the GH have low serum IGF-1 concentrations when put in comparison with others in the same age range. Patients who have conditions like acromegaly have been shown to have increased serum IGF-1 concentrations. The production of IGF-2 is less dependent on the secretion of GH than IGF-1, and is much less important for stimulating linear growth.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of IGF1 HUMAN Protein?
IGF1 HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 7.6kDa.

What is the source or expression system of IGF1 HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of IGF1 HUMAN Protein?
IGF1 HUMAN Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of IGF1 HUMAN Protein?
The biological activity was determined by the cell proliferation assay using serum free human MCF-7 cells in <2ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of >5.0 x 105IU/mg.
What is the amino acid sequence of IGF1 HUMAN Protein?
GPETLCGAEL VDALQFVCGD RGFYFNKPTG YGSSSRRAPQ TGIVDECCFR SCDLRRLEMY CAPLKPAKSA.

What applications can IGF1 HUMAN Protein be used in?
IGF1 HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for IGF1 HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, IGF1 HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (113 a.a.) Human Recombinant

Transforming growth factor beta-1, TGF-beta-1, CED, DPD1, TGFB, TGF-b 1.

Product # :

CYT-679

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TGF-b 1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 113 amino acids (279-390 a.a.) and having a total molecular mass of 12.9 kDa. TGF-b 1 (113 a.a.) is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The TGF-b 1 solution contains 10mM Sodium Citrate (pH3.5) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Transforming growth factor betas (TGFBetas) mediate many cell-cell interactions that occur during embryonic development. Three TGFBetas have been identified in mammals. TGFBeta1, TGFBeta2 and TGFBeta3 are each synthesized as precursor proteins that are very similar in that each is cleaved to yield a 112 amino acid polypeptide that remains associated with the latent portion of the molecule.
Synonyms
Transforming growth factor beta-1, TGF-beta-1, CED, DPD1, TGFB, TGF-b 1.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MALDTNYCFS STEKNCCVRQ LYIDFRKDLG WKWIHEPKGY HANFCLGPCP YIWSLDTQYS KVLALYNQHN PGASAAPCCV PQALEPLPIVYYVGRKPKVE QLSNMIVRSC KCS.
Background
Title: Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (113 a.a.) Human Recombinant: A Key Regulator of Cellular Processes with Therapeutic Potential
Abstract:

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and immune modulation. The development of TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins has provided valuable tools for studying its biological functions and therapeutic applications. This research paper explores the production process, characteristics, and potential therapeutic uses of TGF-β1 human recombinant, highlighting its importance and clinical significance.
Introduction:

TGF-β1 is a pivotal cytokine involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, such as embryonic development, tissue repair, and immune regulation. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of TGF-β1 has been facilitated by the development of TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins using recombinant DNA technology. These recombinant proteins have become valuable tools for investigating the biological functions of TGF-β1 and exploring its therapeutic applications.
Production Process and Characteristics:

TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins are produced using recombinant DNA technology, allowing for the expression of the TGF-β1 gene in different host systems. The resulting recombinant proteins possess similar structural and functional characteristics to native TGF-β1. They exhibit the ability to bind to the TGF-β receptor, initiate intracellular signaling pathways, and modulate various cellular responses.
Therapeutic Applications:

TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins have shown promise in a wide range of therapeutic applications. They have been investigated for their potential in tissue regeneration and wound healing, as TGF-β1 plays a crucial role in promoting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix production. Additionally, TGF-β1 has been studied in the context of fibrotic diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis, where it is implicated in the fibrotic cascade. Furthermore, TGF-β1 has been explored as a potential target for antitumor therapies due to its involvement in tumor progression and immune evasion.
Advantages and Challenges:

The use of TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins offers several advantages, including the ability to study and manipulate its biological functions in a controlled manner. Recombinant proteins also provide a consistent and reproducible source of TGF-β1, overcoming the challenges associated with sourcing native TGF-β1 from biological samples. However, challenges remain in optimizing production processes, ensuring correct protein folding, and maintaining protein stability.
Conclusion:

TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins have emerged as valuable tools for studying the biological functions of TGF-β1 and exploring its therapeutic applications. The production of TGF-β1 recombinant proteins using recombinant DNA technology allows for the investigation of its diverse roles in cellular processes. The therapeutic potential of TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins extends to tissue regeneration, fibrotic diseases, and cancer research. Continued research and development efforts are essential to further optimize production processes, address challenges, and fully exploit the clinical benefits of TGF-β1 human recombinant proteins.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Rat Recombinant HEK

CSF-1, Lanimostim, MCSF, MGC31930, M-CSF.

Product # :

CYT-046

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Description

MCSF Rat Recombinant produced in HEK-293 cells is a secreted protein (amino acids Glu33-Arg254). M-CSF is disulfide-linked homodimer containing 2 x 222 a.a chains.

Source

HEK293

Formulation

The recombinant MCSF was lyophilized after extensive dialysis against PBS.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50 of 3-4ng/ml is measured by its ability to stimulate the proliferation of mouse M-NFS-60 cells.

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Introduction
Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factors are cytokines that act in hematopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of 2 related white cell populations of the blood, the granulocytes and the monocytes-macrophages. CSF-1 induces cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. It plays a role in immunological defenses, bone metabolism, lipoproteins clearance, fertility and pregnancy.
Synonyms
CSF-1, Lanimostim, MCSF, MGC31930, M-CSF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized MCSF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution MCSF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the MCSF in sterile PBS not less than 100 µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Glia Maturation Factor Beta, Mouse Anti Human

Glia maturation factor beta, GMFB, GMF-B, GMF-beta, GMF.

Product # :

ANT-680

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
Glia Maturation Factor-Beta (GMF-Beta) is a 17 kDa protein nerve gorwth factor identified as a growth and differentiation factor in the vertebrate brain.
Glia Maturation Factor-Beta stimulates differentiation of normal neurons as well as glial cells. GMFB inhibits the proliferation of the N-18 neuroblastoma line and the C6 glioma line while promoting their phenotypic expression.
GMF-beta inhances the phenotypic expression of glia & neurons thus inhibits the proliferation of their respective tumors when added to cell culture. Although astrocytes produce GMF-b and stores it inside the cells, they don’t secrete the GMF-B into the cultured medium. Cell- surface GMFb acts on the target cells at close range when cells are in direct contact. GMF-Beta is produced by thymic epithelial cells and plays an important role in T cell development in favor of CD4+ T cells.
GMF-Beta is a brain-specific protein which belongs to the actin-binding proteins (ADF) family. GMF-beta appears to play a role in the differentiation, maintenance, and regeneration of the nervous system. It also supports the progression of certain auto-immune diseases, possibly through its ability to induce the production and secretion of various pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Synonyms
Glia maturation factor beta, GMFB, GMF-B, GMF-beta, GMF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Immunogen
Anti-human GMFB mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant human GMFB amino acids 1-142 purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2a heavy chain and Kappa light chain.
Clone
PAT44D8AT.
Applications
GMFB antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot and ICC/IF to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
GMFB antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-A affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

TRAF Family Member-Associated NFKB Activator Human Recombinant (1-119 a.a.)

TRAF2, I-TRAF, TANK, TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator, TRAF-interacting protein, ITRAF.

Product # :

PRO-685

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Description

TANK produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 119 amino acids (1-119 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 13.6 kDa.TANK is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The TANK protein solution contains 20mM Tris, pH-8.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
TRAF2 protein is related with transduce signals from members of the TNFR superfamily. TRAF2 is located in the cytoplasm binds to TRAF1, TRAF2, or TRAF3, thus inhibiting TRAF function by sequestering the TRAFs in a suppressed state in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of TANK inhibits TRAF2-mediated NF-Kappa-B activation signaled by CD40 and both TNF receptors and inhibits LMP1-mediated NF-kappa-B activation by blocking the association of TRAF2 with LMP1. TRAF2 is necessary for the cellular response to TNF-alpha by connecting upstream signalling molecules to the IKKs and p65.
Synonyms
TRAF2, I-TRAF, TANK, TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator, TRAF-interacting protein, ITRAF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MDKNIGEQLN KAYEAFRQAC MDRDSAVKEL QQKTENYEQR IREQQEQLSL QQTIIDKLKS QLLLVNSTQD NNYGCVPLLE DSETRKNNLT LDQPQDKVIS GIAREKLPKV DIASAESSI.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 6b Human Recombinant

Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 6b Decoy, Decoy Receptor For Fas Ligand, Decoy Receptor 3, DCR3, M68E, M68, TR6, DJ583P15.1.1, DcR3.

Product # :

CYT-799

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Description

TNFRSF6B Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 294 amino acids (30-300aa) and having a molecular mass of 32.1kDa.TNFRSF6B is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

TNFRSF6B protein solution (1mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.4M Urea and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
TNFRSF6B is a member of the Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. TNFRSF6B performs as a decoy receptor which races against death receptors for ligand binding. TNFRSF6B has a regulatory role in suppressing FasL- and LIGHT-mediated cell death and T cell activation in addition to inducing angiogenesis via neutralization of TL1A.
Synonyms
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 6b Decoy, Decoy Receptor For Fas Ligand, Decoy Receptor 3, DCR3, M68E, M68, TR6, DJ583P15.1.1, DcR3.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please avoid freeze thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSVAETPTY PWRDAETGER LVCAQCPPGT FVQRPCRRDS PTTCGPCPPR HYTQFWNYLE RCRYCNVLCG EREEEARACH ATHNRACRCR TGFFAHAGFC LEHASCPPGA GVIAPGTPSQ NTQCQPCPPG TFSASSSSSE QCQPHRNCTA LGLALNVPGS SSHDTLCTSC TGFPLSTRVP GAEECERAVI DFVAFQDISI KRLQRLLQAL EAPEGWGPTP RAGRAALQLK LRRRLTELLG AQDGALLVRL LQALRVARMP GLERSVRERF LPVH.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Penta-EF-Hand Domain Containing 1 Human Recombinant

Peflin, PEF protein with a long N-terminal hydrophobic domain, Penta-EF hand domain-containing protein 1, PEF1, ABP32, PEF1A.

Product # :

PRO-099

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Description

PEF1 Human Recombinant fused with a 36 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 320 amino acids (1-284 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 34.5kDa. The PEF1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The PEF1 solution (0.25 mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 1mM DTT, 50% glycerol and 0.2M NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 85.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Penta-EF-hand domain containing 1 (PEF1) is a member of the penta-EF-hand protein family, which shares similarities to the apoptosis linked gene ALG-2. PEF1 forms heterodimers with PDCD6/ALG2 and dissociates from PDCD6/ALG2 in the presence of Ca (2+). Furthermore, PEF1 proteins bind calcium and participate in a various calcium-dependent processes in vertebrates.
Synonyms
Peflin, PEF protein with a long N-terminal hydrophobic domain, Penta-EF hand domain-containing protein 1, PEF1, ABP32, PEF1A.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MRGSHHHHHH GMASMTGGQQ MGRDLYDDDD KDRWGSMASY PYRQGCPGAA GQAPGAPPGS
YYPGPPNSGG QYGSGLPPGG GYGGPAPGGP YGPPAGGGPY GHPNPGMFPS GTPGGPYGGA
APGGPYGQPP PSSYGAQQPG LYGQGGAPPN VDPEAYSWFQ SVDSDHSGYI SMKELKQALV
NCNWSSFNDE TCLMMINMFD KTKSGRIDVY GFSALWKFIQ QWKNLFQQYD RDRSGSISYT
ELQQALSQMG YNLSPQFTQL LVSRYCPRSA NPAMQLDRFI QVCTQLQVLT EAFREKDTAV
QGNIRLSFED FVTMTASRML.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Beta Nerve Growth Factor Human Recombinant

Beta Polypeptide, NGF, NGFB, HSAN5, Beta-NGF, MGC161426, MGC161428.

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CYT-579

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Shipped at Room temp

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Description

Nerve Growth Factor-beta Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non-covalently disulfide-linked homodimer, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 2 identical 121 amino acids with a molecular weight of two 13.6 kDa polypeptide monomers.The NGF-b is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The beta-NGF protein was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution containing 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA).

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED₅₀, calculated by its ability to stimulate proliferation of TF-1 cells and is typically 1.31 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 7.6x10⁵units/mg.

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Introduction
NGF-beta has nerve growth stimulating activity and the complex is involved in the regulation of growth and the differentiation of sympathetic and certain sensory neurons. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, type 5 (HSAN5), and dysregulation of this gene's expression is associated with allergic rhinitis.
Synonyms
Beta Polypeptide, NGF, NGFB, HSAN5, Beta-NGF, MGC161426, MGC161428.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Beta-NGF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution NGF-Beta should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized NGF-b in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MSSSHPIFHRG EFSVCDSVSV WVGDKTTATD IKGKEVMVLG EVNINNSVFK QYFFETKCRD PNPVDSGCRG IDSKHWNSYC TTTHTFVKAL TMDGKQAAWR FIRIDTACVC VLSRKAVRRA.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of B NGF Protein?
B NGF Protein has a total Mw of 13.6kDa.

What is the source or expression system of B NGF Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of B NGF Protein?
B NGF Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of B NGF Protein?
The ED50, calculated by its ability to stimulate proliferation of TF-1 cells and is typically 1.31 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 7.6x105units/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of B NGF Protein?
MSSSHPIFHRG EFSVCDSVSV WVGDKTTATD IKGKEVMVLG EVNINNSVFK QYFFETKCRD PNPVDSGCRG IDSKHWNSYC TTTHTFVKAL TMDGKQAAWR FIRIDTACVC VLSRKAVRRA.

What applications can B NGF Protein be used in?
B NGF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for B NGF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, B NGF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

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