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NFKBIA belongs to the I-kappa-B family of proteins which is separated into four groups (IkB-a, IkB-b, IkB-g, IkB-e). NFKBIA inhibits the NFkB complex by binding and impounding it in the cytoplasm. When stimulated, NFKBIA is phosphorylated on serine residues targeting it for degradation by the ubiquitin pathway.

The Argonaute protein is part of the RISC or RNA-induced silencing complex, as so, the protein has a key part in the slicing processes of RNA. The RNA interference (RNAi) is being held by RISC. Small non-coding RNA fragments bond to the Argonaute proteins, through base pairing, eventually leads to the cleavage of messenger RNA or translation suppression.

AP-3 complex subunit sigma-1 (AP3S1) belongs to the AP-3 complex, an adapter-related complex which is not clathrin-associated. AP3S1 is linkd with the Golgi region in addition to more peripheral structures. AP3S1 facilitates the budding of vesicles from the Golgi membrane and involved in trafficking to lysosomes.

LZIC is a member of the CTNNBIP1 family. LZIC protein is universally expressed, with largest levels in kidney and up-regulated in various cases of gastric cancers. LZIC has no interaction with CTNNB1.

COP9 Signalosome Subunit 7A (COPS7A) is a component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in a variety of cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is a vital regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, thus leading to decrease in the Ubl ligase activity of SCF-type complexes such as SCF, CSA or DDB2. This complex is also involved in phosphorylation of p53/TP53, JUN, I-kappa-B-alpha/NFKBIA, ITPK1 and IRF8/ICSBP, probably through its association with CK2 and PKD kinases. CSN-dependent phosphorylation of TP53 and JUN stimulates and protects degradation by the Ubl system, respectively.

VAMP4 belongs to the synaptobrevin family who are involved in docking and/or fusion of vesicles with cell membrane. VAMP4 is enriched in the trans-Golgi network and may be a factor in the trans-Golgi network-to-endosome transport. VAMP4 is involved in the pathway which functions to eliminate an inhibitor (most likely synaptotagmin-4) of calcium-triggered exocytosis during the maturation of secretory granules. Synaptobrevins, syntaxins, and SNAP25 are the chief components of a protein complex involved in the docking and/or fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane.

Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 13 (ANAPC13) is a component of the anaphase promoting complex, which is a large ubiquitin-protein ligase that controls cell cycle progression by regulating the degradation of cell cycle regulators such as B-type cyclins. The ANAPC13 protein is evolutionarily conserved and is essential for the integrity and ubiquitin ligase activity of the anaphase promoting complex.

Succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 1 (SDHAF1) is a member of the complex I LYR family. SDHAF1 plays an important role in succinate dehydrogenase complex (SDH) assembly, a complex which is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. SDHAF1 functions through taking part in mitochondrial biosynthesis of iron-sulfur centers for complex II.

E-cadherin (uvomorulin, cell-CAM120/80) is a calcium dependent cell adhesion molecule expressed predominately in epithelial tissues. It plays an important role in the growth and development of cells via the mechanisms of control of tissue architecture and the maintenance of tissue integrity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that reduction and/or loss of Ecadherin expression in carcinomas correlates positively with the potential of these tumors for invasion and metastasis.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S) belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. UBE2S is able to form a thiol ester linkage with ubiquitin in a ubiquitin activating enzyme-dependent manner, a typical property of ubiquitin carrier proteins. UBE2S catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. UBE2S acts as a crucial factor of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), which is a cell cycle-regulated ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis. UBE2S acts by purposely elongating ''Lys-11''-linked polyubiquitin chains initiated by the E2 enzyme UBE2C/UBCH10 on APC/C substrates, augmenting the degradation of APC/C substrates by the proteasome and promoting mitotic exit. UBE2S also acts by elongating ubiquitin chains initiated by the E2 enzyme UBE2D1/UBCH5 in vitro; it is nevertheless uncertain whether UBE2D1/UBCH5 acts as an E2 enzyme for the APC/C in vivo. UBE2S is also involved in ubiquitination and consequent degradation of VHL, resu

FABP7 is a brain fatty acid binding protein. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of small, highly conserved, cytoplasmic proteins that bind long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. FABPs are are inovlved in fatty acid uptake, transport, and metabolism. FABP7 is expressed in radial glia by the activation of Notch receptors and binds DHA with the highest affinity among all of FABPs. FABP7 plays an important role in transport of hydrophobic ligand with potential morphogenic activity during cns development. FABP7 is required for the establishment of the radial glial fiber system in developing brain, a system that is necessary for the migration of immature neurons to establish cortical layers (by similarity).

SGTA is a ubiquitously expressed protein that contains three TPR protein-protein interaction duplicates. SGTA takes part as a component of the androgen receptor (AR)-chaperone-cochaperone complex, functions as a cochaperone and participates in androgen signaling. SGTA binds directly to HSC70 and HSP70 and mediates their ATPase activity. SGTA gene encodes a protein that is able to interact with the chief nonstructural protein of parvovirus H-1 and 70-kDa heat shock cognate. In addition, SGTA interacts with Vpu and Gag from HIV-1, SARS-CoV accessory protein 7a, DNAJC5 and DNAJC5B. Since this transcript is expressed universally in several tissues, SGTA serves a housekeeping function. While being involved in apoptosis and androgen signaling, SGTA is a possible molecule for polycystic ovary syndrome, a disorder characterized by androgen excess, obesity and menstrual disturbances.

EMG1 is a 244 aa protein which has a role in ribosome biogenesis. EMG1 is a key protein in the small ribosomal subunit assembly, controls methylation during ribosome synthesis and takes part in pre-18S rRNA processing. EMG1 is localized to the nucleolus and a mutation in this gene is linked with Bowen-Conradi syndrome.

SSR is a glycosylated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane receptor involved in protein translocation across the ER membrane. SSR is formed of 2 subunits, a 34-kD glycoprotein encoded by this gene and a 22-kD glycoprotein. SSR gene creates a number of mRNA species due to complex alternative polyadenylation. SSR is unique since it exploits arrays of polyA signal sequences which are mostly non-canonical.

Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1B (FKBP1B) belongs to the immunophilin protein family which has a role in immunoregulation and basic cellular processes involving protein folding and trafficking. FKBP1B is a cis-trans prolyl isomerase which binds the immunosuppressants FK506 and rapamycin. FKBP1B is extremely similar to the FK506-binding protein 1A. The physiological role of FKBP1B is thought to be in excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle.

Plasma fibronectin level is elevated in severe coronary artery disease. Increased plasma fibronectin levels are related with venous thromboembolism (VTE) particularly in males, and extend the probable association between biomarkers and risk factors for arterial atherothrombosis and VTE. Fibronectin plays a role in several cellular processes, including tissue repair, embryogenesis, blood clotting, and cell migration/adhesion. Fibronectin consists in two main forms: 1) as an insoluble glycoprotein dimer that serves as a linker in the extracellular matrix and 2) as a soluble disulphide linked dimer found in the plasma. The plasma form is produced by hepatocytes, and the ECM form is synthesized by fibroblasts, chondrocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, as well as certain epithelial cells. Fibronectin also takes part as a general cell adhesion molecule by anchoring cells to collagen or proteoglycan substrates. Fibronectin organizes cellular interaction with the ECM by binding to different components of the extracellular matrix and to membrane-bound Fibronectin receptors on cell surfaces.

Signal recognition particle 19kDa protein (SRP19) is a member of the SRP19 family. SRP19 binds directly to 7S RNA and mediates binding of the 54 kDa subunit of the SRP.

Sialic Acid Binding Ig Like Lectin 9 (SIGLEC9) is a member of the sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin family, which is a part of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed mostly on human blood leukocytes. SIGLEC9 is a Putative adhesion molecule which is expressed in bone marrow, placenta, spleen, and fetal liver. SIGLEC9 is also a part of the recently characterized CD33-related Siglec family of sialic acid binding protein.

HAX1 associates with hematopoietic cell-specific Lyn substrate 1, which is a substrate of Src family tyrosine kinases. HAX1 also interacts with the product of the polycystic kidney disease 2 gene, mutations in which are associated with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease, and with the F-actin-binding protein, cortactin. It was earlier thought HAX1 is mainly localized to the mitochondria, however, recent studies indicate it to be localized in the cell body. Mutations in the HAX1 gene result in autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia, aka Kostmann disease.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types such as epithelial cells. It is also synthesized by endothelial cells, which store IL-8 in their storage vesicles, the Weibel-Palade bodies. When first encountering an antigen, the primary cells to encounter it are the macrophages who phagocytose the particle. Upon processing, they release chemokines to signal other immune cells to come in to the site of inflammation. IL-8 is one such chemokine. It serves as a chemical signal that attracts neutrophils at the site of inflammation, and therefore is also known as Neutrophil Chemotactic Factor.

TSSK2 is a testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase required during spermatid development which phosphorylates TSKS at 'Ser-288' and SPAG16. TSSK2 takes part in the late stages of spermatogenesis, during the reconstruction of the cytoplasm. During spermatogenesis, TSSK2 is necessary for the transformation of a ring-shaped structure around the base of the flagellum originating from the chromatoid body.

TAR DNA Binding Protein (TARDBP) was initially recognized as a transcriptional repressor which binds to chromosomally integrated TAR DNA and represses HIV-1 transcription. In addition, TARDBP has been detected in individuals diagnosed with chronic traumatic encephalopathy as well, which is a condition that often imitates ALS andhas been related with athletes who have experienced multiple concussions and other types of head injury.TARDBP has been shown to bind both DNA and RNA, it has multiple functions in transcriptional repression, pre-mRNAsplicing and translational regulation.

COMP is a non-collagenous glycoprotein and is belongs to the thrombospondin family of extracellular proteins. COMP is a calcium-binding protein of high molecular weight (>500kDa) found in the extracellular matrix of articular, nasal and tracheal cartilage. COMP is not only cartilage-derived but is common in other tissues, such as synovium and tendon. Intact COMP is pentameric, with 5 equal subunits and the carboxy-terminal globular domain of native COMP binds to collagens I, II, and IX. COMP molecules are vital for conserving the properties and integrity of collagen network. Moreover, COMP has a storage and delivery function for hydrophobic cellsignaling molecules such as vitamin D. Mutations of the COMP gene cause Pseudoachondroplasia and some forms of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia which implicates that it is vital that COMP develops and functions normally.