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B-cell CLL/lymphoma 7A (BCL7A) is a member of the BCL7 family. BCL7A is directly involved, with Myc and IgH, in a three-way gene translocation in a Burkitt lymphoma cell line. Thru gene translocation, the N-terminal region of the BCL7A gene is disrupted, which is assumed to be connected to the pathogenesis of a subset of high-grade B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The N-terminal portion involved in the translocation includes the region which shares a compelling sequence similarity with those of BCL7B and BCL7C. Chromosomal anomalies involving BCL7A may be a cause of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Twisted gastrulation Protein (TSG) is a secreted, cysteine-rich protein which has a role in dorsal/ventral patterning in Drosophila and Xenopus by regulating BMP signaling. TSG functions as an agonist for BMP signaling by controlling the inhibitory actions of the BMP antagonist, Chordin/Sog, and the cleavage properties of the metalloprotease, xolloid/tolloid. TSG N-terminal domain binds BMP protein directly and displays BMP antagonist activity.

Cytotoxic and Regulatory T Cell Molecule, also known as CRTAM belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily which complies with the structural characteristics of the JAM family and is phylogenetically more closely related to nectin-like proteins. CRTAM is implicated in epithelial cell adhesion. Furthermore, CRTAM interacts with CADM1 as well as promotes natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity.

TFB1M is a member of the methyltransferase superfamily. TFB1M is a dimethyltransferase which methylates mitochondrial 12S rRNA at the conserved stem loop. The TFB1M protein also is part of the basal mitochondrial transcription complex and is required for mitochondrial gene expression. TFB1M stimulates transcription independently of the methyltransferase activity.

PIM1, which is a part of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family and PIM subfamily, is expressed primarily in B-lymphoid and myeloid cell lines, and is overexpressed in hematopoietic malignancies and in prostate cancer. PIM1 functions as Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity involved in cell survival and cell proliferation, consequently providing a selective advantage in tumorigenesis. Both human and orthologous mouse genes have been reported to encode two isoforms resulting from the use of alternative in-frame translation initiation codons, the upstream non-AUG (CUG) and downstream AUG codons.

Inhibitor of Growth Family Member 1, also known as ING1 is a tumor suppressor protein which is able to induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis. ING1 is a nuclear protein which physically act together with the tumor suppressor protein TP53 and is a component of the p53 signaling pathway. In addition, Reduced expression and rearrangement of ING1 have been identified in various cancers. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described for ING1.

KH homology domain containing 1-like, also known as KHDC1L is a member of the KHDC1 family.KHDC1L is a protein-coding gene; an important paralog of this gene is KHDC1.

SPARC-like protein 1 or SPARC1 is an anti-adhesive protein with a similarity to the SPARC protein’s structure. SPARC1 is highly expressed in several tissues such as brain, lungs, kidney, heart, although it is not found in the liver tissue. The protein inhibits spreading or adhesion of many substrates and is considered to lead to antiadhesive signaling that stops neuronal migration, that occurs during development or as a trauma response, consistent with production by glial and neuronal cells.

The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a family of secreted signaling molecules, which can induce ectopic bone growth. Various BMPs are part of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) superfamily. BMPs were initially identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site. Based upon its expression early in embryogenesis, BMP6 has a suggested role in early development. Moreover, the fact that the BMP6 is closely related to BMP5 and BMP7 leads to an assumption of possible bone inductive activity.

ARL4A is related Specifically to ARL6 and ARL7 and belongs to the ARF-like protein (ARL) subfamily of small GTPases. However, unlike ARFs, ARL4 does not activate the cholera toxin ADP-ribosyltranferase. ARL4A takes part in neurogenesis during embryonic development and somitogenesis in the early stages of adult spermatogenesis.

Ara h 2 comprises of 2 isoforms: Ara h 2.0101 and Ara h 2.0201. Ara h 2.0201 is the most important peanut allergen which binds IgE. Ara h 2.0201 is a Weak inhibitor of trypsin and is a conglutin storage protein which accounts together with Ara h 6.0101 for the majority of the IgE immune response.

RWD Domain Containing 1 (RWDD1) is a member of the RWDD1/GIR2 family. The RWDD1 protein protects DRG2 (developmentally regulated GTP binding protein 2), from proteolytic degradation. RWD domain refers to 3 signature motifs in proteins: RING finger, WD-repeats, and yeast DEAD (DEXD)-like motif. Current evidence proposes that RWD domain may be required for protein-protein interaction.

Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) belongs to the sirtuin family of proteins, homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. Sirtuin family members are characterized by a sirtuin core domain and grouped into 4 classes. The functions of human sirtuins have not yet been established; though, yeast sirtuin proteins are known to regulate epigenetic gene silencing and suppress recombination of rDNA. It has been proposed that the human sirtuins may serve as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.

Small Ubiquitin-like Modifiers (SUMOs) are a family of small, related proteins that can be enzymatically attached to a target protein by a post-translational modification process termed sumoylation. Unlike ubiquitination, which targets proteins for degradation, sumoylation participates in a number of cellular processes, such as nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and protein stability. All SUMO proteins share the conserved ubiquitin domain and the C-terminal diglycine cleavage/attachment site. Human SUMO2, also known as Sentrin2 and SMT3B is synthesized as a 95 amino acid (aa), 11 kDa propeptide that contains a two aa C-terminal prosegment, and an 18 aa N-terminal protein interacting region (aa 33 -50). Following prosegment cleavage, the C-terminal glycine is enzymatically attached to a lysine on a target protein. Human SUMO2 shares 100% sequence identity to SUMO-2 from mouse. SUMO2 also has very high sequence homology to SUMO3 and SUMO4, 86 % and 85%, respectively. SUMO2 shares only 44% sequence identity to SUMO1.

Alpha-parvin (PARVA) belongs to the parvin family of actin-binding proteins. PARVA has a role in the regulation of cell adhesion, cytoskeleton organization, motility and survival as well as in ciliogenesis. Parvins are related with focal contacts and contain calponin homology domains which connect to actin filaments. PARVA is extensively expressed, with the highest levels in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and liver.

RND1 is a Rho-related GTPases that form a separate branch of the Rho family, since they are different in charge, size, and biochemical properties. RND1 is found in the activated GTP-bound form and performs as a negative regulator of actin assembly and of cell adhesion. RND1 assists in regulation of the organization of the actin cytoskeleton as a reaction to extracellular growth factors.

STARD5 is a member of the STARD family of proteins. This family of proteins has 15 different members, all of which hold the distinctive START domain and have a vital part in the metabolism and transport of lipids. The STARD family of proteins has six subfamilies based on their START domain sequences. STARD5 constitute one subfamily, sharing approximately 30% amino acid identity with each other. Even though STARD5 is not sterol-regulated it is induced by endomplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.

RGS16 is part of the ''regulator of G protein signaling'' family. RGS16 inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. RGS16 Binds to G(i)-alpha and G(o)-alpha, but not to G(s)-alpha. RGS16 regulates the kinetics of signaling in the phototransduction cascade.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also called Human herpes virus 4 (HHV-4), is a virusof the herpes family (which includes Herpes simplex virusand Cytomegalo virus. On infecting the B-lymphocyte, the linear virus genome circularizes and the virus subsequently persists within the cell as an episome. The virus can execute several distinct programs of gene expressionwhich can be broadly categorized as being lytic cycle or latent cycle. The lytic cycleor productive infection results in staged expression of a host of viral proteinswith the ultimate objective of producing infectious virions. Formally, this phase of infection does not inevitably lead to lysis of the host cellas EBV virions are produced by budding from the infected cell. The latent cycle(lysogenic) programs are those that do not result in production of virions. A very limited, distinct set of viral proteins are produced during latent cycle infection. These include Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen(EBNA)-1, EBNA-2, EBNA-3A, EBNA-3B, EBNA-3C, EBNA-leader protein (EBNA-LP) and latent membrane proteins(LMP)-1, LMP-2A and LMP-2B and the Epstein-Barr encoded RNAs(EBERs).

ETS homologous factor (EHF) is a part of the ESE subfamily of Ets transcription factors. Ets factors are an important kind of transcriptional regulators which take part in hema-topoiesis, angiogenesis, organogenesis, oncogenesis and specification of neuronal connectivity. EHF is expressed solely in a subset of epithelial cells, with highest expression noticed in glandular epithelium of the prostate, pancreas, salivary gland and trachea. EHF transactivates the c-Met promoter via 3 high affinity binding sites, which support the notion that EHF contribute to branching morphogenesis.

Death effector domain-containing protein (DEDD) is a cytoplasmic protein. The cell death activity of DEDD relates to its nuclear localization. DEDD translocates to the nucleus during CD95-mediated apoptosis, there it localizes to nucleoli-like structures, activates caspase-6 and particularly inhibits RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. DEDD is usually expressed in a variety of tissues, and found in the highest levels in the testis. Overexpression of DEDD was shown to induce weak apoptosis.

TSR2 is part of the TSR2 family. TSR2 is involved in 20S pre-rRNA processing. Among the diseases which are associated with TSR2 are blepharospasm and diamond-blackfan anemia.

Nucleolin (NCL) which is a eukaryotic nucleolar phosphoprotein, involved in the synthesis and maturation of ribosomes. Nucleolin is the key nucleolar protein of growing eukaryotic cells. NCL is found linked with intranucleolar chromatin and pre-ribosomal particles. NCL induces chromatin decondensation by binding to histone H1. Nucleolin is assumed to have a role in pre-rRNA transcription and ribosome compilation. Nucleolin may also have a role in the process of transcriptional elongation. Nucleolin is located primarily in the dense fibrillar regions of the nucleolus. The Human NCL gene consists of 14 exons with 13 introns and spans approximately 11kb.

CPPED1 which is a part of the metallophosphoesterase superfamily takes part in glucose uptake by adipocytes. CPPED1 binds two divalent metal cations and is transactivated by the great envelope protein of the hepatitis B virus.