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ANXA5 is a member of the annexin family of calcium-dependent phospholipid binding proteins which are involved in membrane-related activity along exocytotic and endocytotic pathways. ANXA5 is a phospholipase A2 and protein kinase C inhibitory protein with calcium channel properties and takes part in cellular signal transduction, inflammation, growth and differentiation. ANXA5 is an anticoagulant protein that acts as an indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex, which is involved in the blood coagulation cascade. ANXA5 regulates coagulability in the blood stream by binding to phosphatidylserine and sulfatide. ANXA5 protects sinsuoidal endothelial cells from ischemia reperfusion damage. ANXA5 is necessary for normal CFTR chloride channel activity.

CDKN2A Interacting Protein N-Terminal Like (CDKN2AIPNL) is a part of the CARF family.

Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder 1 (RARRES1) is a part of the TIGs family. TIGs operate like tumor suppressor genes in human cancers and are greatly expressed in skin, hair follicles and endothelial cells plus in pancreas, spleen and intestine. TIGs are growth regulators which mediate the growth suppressive effects of retinoids.

CRCP is a ubiquitous coupling protein for the calcitonin gene-related peptide and adrenomedullin receptors. CRCP controls ligand sensitivity in several tissues and has DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity, catalytic activity and calcitonin receptor activity.

Lumican also known as LUM belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family which comprises decorin, biglycan, fibromodulin, keratocan, epiphycan, and osteoglycin. Furthermore we can see that in these bifunctional molecules, the protein moiety binds collagen fibrils and the highly charged hydrophilic glycosaminoglycans regulate interfibrillar spacings. Lumican is the main keratan sulfate proteoglycan of the cornea however LUM is also distributed in interstitial collagenous matrices throughout the body. Lumican regulates collagen fibril organization and circumferential growth, corneal transparency, epithelial cell migration and tissue repair. Among the diseases associated with LUM is posterior amorphous corneal dystrophy.

Recoverin is a member of the recoverin family of neuronal calcium sensors. Recoverin is a heterogeneously acylated calcium-binding and intracellular signal transduction 23kDa protein in the photoreceptor cells of retina. Recoverin contains four EF-hands, of which two bind Ca. Ca-induced extrusion of the acyl group from a hydrophobic cleft in the protein drives the translocation of recoverin from solution to the disc membrane. Recoverin may prolong the termination of the phototransduction cascade in the retina by blocking the phosphorylation of photo-activated rhodopsin. Recoverin plays a key role in the inhibition of rhodopsin kinase, a molecule that regulates the phosphorylation of rhodopsin. This in due course controls the ability of the eye to adapt to, and recover from, exposure to the presence of light. Recoverin is a detectable serologic protein that is expressed in patients with cancer-associated retinopathy, a paraneoplastic syndrome.

TAX1BP3 holds one PDZ domain, which uses for interactions with other proteins like the interaction with the C-terminus of Rhotekin that facilitates Rho-mediated activation of the FOS serum response element. In addition, PDZ domain interacts with beta-catenin to inhibit the transcriptional activity of beta-catenin. TAX1BP3 exists in several cell lines, such as HeLa, and is expressed in small quantities in peripheral blood leukocytes.

NCBP2 is a part of the nuclear cap-binding protein complex (CBC) that binds to the monomethylated 5'' cap of nascent pre-mRNA in the nucleoplasm. NCBP2 protein has an RNP domain usually located in RNA binding proteins, and contains the cap-binding activity. CBC promotes pre-mRNA splicing, 3''-end processing, RNA nuclear export, and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

PA2G4 belongs to the peptidase M24C family and functions as an RNA-binding protein involved in cellular proliferation and differentiation processes. PA2G4 is a component of pre-ribosomal ribonucleoprotein complexes, participating in ribosome assembly and regulating the later steps of rRNA processing. Also, PA2G4 interacts with ErbB-3 and may function as a modulator of the ErbB-3 mediated signal transduction pathway by regulating the effects of Neuregulin-1. Furthermore, PA2G4 is a transcriptional co-repressor of androgen receptor-regulated genes and other cell cycle regulatory genes through its interactions with histone deacetylases. PA2G4 is implicated in growth inhibition and the induction of differentiation of human cancer cells. In addition, PA2G4 mediates cap-independent translation of specific viral IRESs (internal ribosomal entry site). PA2G4 associates with 28S, 18S and 5.8S mature rRNAs, several rRNA precursors and probably U3 small nucleolar RNA.

NFKBID belongs to the IkB family of proteins which contains four groups (IkB-alpha, IkB-beta, IkB-gamma, IkB-epsilon). NFKBID takes part in regulating inflammatory responses and cytokine, IL-2 and IL-6 expression through NFkB activity. NFKBID has 3 known alternative spliced isoforms, and is associated with RelB, NF?B p50 and NFkB p65 in nucleus. NFKBID is involeved in thymocyte selection in response to TCR induction.

Crk-like protein (CRKL) is a protein kinase containing SH2 and SH3 (src homology) domains which activates the RAS and JUN kinase signaling pathways and transforms fibroblasts in a RAS-dependent manner. CRKL is a substitute of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, it also has a role in fibroblast transformation by BCR-ABL, and has oncogenic potential.

MRPS25, a 28S subunit protein, is a member of the ribosomal protein S5P family. An equivalent pseudogene is located on chromosome 4.

GCSF is a cytokine that controls the production, differentiation, and function of granulocytes. The active protein is found extracellularly. Three transcript variants encoding three different isoforms have been found for this gene. Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factors are cytokines that act in hematopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of 2 related white cell populations of the blood, the granulocytes and the monocytes-macrophages. This csf induces granulocytes.

ARL4D is a developmentally regulated member of the ADP-ribosylation factor/ARF-like protein (ARF/ARL) family of Ras-related GTPases. Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the rate of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAP). ARL4D takes part in membrane-associated intracellular trafficking. Mutations in this gene is linked to Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS).

Ara h 2 comprises of 2 isoforms: Ara h 2.0101 and Ara h 2.0201. Ara h 2.0201 is the most important peanut allergen which binds IgE. Ara h 2.0201 is a Weak inhibitor of trypsin and is a conglutin storage protein which accounts together with Ara h 6.0101 for the majority of the IgE immune response.

Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein L48, also known as MRPL48, is a mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal protein which assists in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes, mitoribosomes, consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They include an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition while comparing to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed.An additional dissimilarity between mammalian mitoribosomes & prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Between different species, the proteins containing the mitoribosome differ very much in sequence, as well as in biochemical properties from time to time, which prevents easy recognition through sequence homology. MRPL48 encodes a 39S subunit protein. A pseudogene corresponding to MRPL48 is found on chromosome 6p.

Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3 also known as NCR3 is a natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) which assists NK cells in the lysis of tumor cells. Moreover, NCR3 interacts with CD3-zeta (CD247), a T-cell receptor. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the 5' untranslated region of NCR3 has been related with mild malaria suceptibility. Three transcript variants encoding various isoforms have been found for this gene.

Steroid receptor RNA activator 1 (SRA1) occurs as both an RNA transcript and as constantly expressed proteins. In addition, SRA1 mediates transcriptional coactivation of steroid receptors ligand-dependently via the steroid-binding domain (AF-2). SRA1 augments cellular proliferation and differentiation and stimulates apoptosis in vivo. SRA1 has a role in tumorigenesis. SRA1 participates in some activities such as: metabolism, adipogenesis and chromatin organization.

Hyaluronan And Proteoglycan Link Protein 1, which is also known as HAPLN1 is a part of the HAPLN family.HAPLN1 contains one Ig-like V-type domain and two Link domains. In the extracellular cartilage matrix, HAPLN1 stabilizes the aggregates of proteoglycan monomers by means of hyaluronic acid .

Bestrophin 1 (BEST1) is a part of the bestrophin gene family and is also forms calcium-activated chloride-ion channels in epithelial. This small gene family is characterized by proteins with a highly conserved N-terminus with 4-6 transmembrane domains. BEST1 is extremely permeable to bicarbonate.

DDX39A which is a part of the DEAD box protein family is characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp. This pattern is implicated in a various cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Several members of the DEAD box protein family are taking part in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division.

Adaptor-related protein complex 1 associated regulatory protein (AP1AR) is essential for AP-1 dependent transport between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. AP1AR regulates the membrane association of AP1G1/Gamma1-adaptin which is one of the subunits of the AP-1 adapter complex. AP1AR plays a role as effector of AP-1 in calcium-induced endo-lysosome secretion. The interaction with AP1G1/Gamma1-adaptin attenuates the release of the AP-1 complex from membranes.

DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 24 (DNAJC24) belongs to the ZCSL family of proteins and each contain one DPH-type zinc finger. DNAJC24 is involved in the synthesis of diphthamide, a protein found on translation elongation factor EF-2 which is the target of bacterial ADP-ribosylating toxins. DNAJC24 stimulates the ATPase activity of few Hsp70-type chaperones. DNAJC24 detected in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, kidney and testis.