AITRL

AITRL

AITRL

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  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    AITRL Human Recombinant, T7 Tag

    Osteostat, TNFSF18, Activation-induced TNFR member Ligand, GITRL,TL6, AITRL, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, hGITRL, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18, MGC138237.

    Product # :

    CYT-807

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    Description

    AITRL Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 134 amino acids (81-199 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 15kDa.AITRL is fused to a 15 amino acid T7-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    AITRL protein solution (0.25mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 10% glycerol and 0.4M Urea.

    Purity

    Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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    • Introduction

      Osteostat is the cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR and is important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and may modulate T-lymphocyte survival in peripheral tissues. Osteostat is expressed at high levels in the small intestine, ovary, testis, kidney and endothelial cells after stimulation by lipopolysaccharides.
      Osteostat protein is detectable in human microvascular EC and is highly up-regulated by IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Osteostat inhibit differentiation of osteoclasts from monocytic precursor cells. Osteostat suppresses the early stage of osteoclastogenesis via inhibition of macrophage colony-stimulating factorinduced receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) expression in the osteoclast precursor cells. Osteostat does not inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced RANK expression in monocytes and dendritic cells, or activation-induced RANK expression in T cells. Osteostat is a novel regulator of osteoclast generation and substantiate the major role played by the endothelium in bone physiology.

    • Synonyms

      Osteostat, TNFSF18, Activation-induced TNFR member Ligand, GITRL,TL6, AITRL, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, hGITRL, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18, MGC138237.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MASMTGGQQM GRGSHMAKFG PLPSKWQMAS SEPPCVNKVS DWKLEILQNG LYLIYGQVAP NANYNDVAPF EVRLYKNKDM IQTLTNKSKI QNVGGTYELH VGDTIDLIFN SEHQVLKNNT YWGIILLANP QFIS.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Aitrl Human T7
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    AITRL Human Recombinant, His Tag

    Osteostat, TNFSF18, Activation-induced TNFR member Ligand, GITRL,TL6, AITRL, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, hGITRL, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18, MGC138237.

    Product # :

    CYT-317

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    Description

    AITRL Recombinant Human produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain (aa 50-177) containing a total of 137 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15.6kDa. The AITRL protein is fused to a 9 aa His Tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    AITRL protein solution (1mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0) & 10% glycerol.

    Purity

    Greater than 85.0% as determined bySDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Osteostat is the cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR and is important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and may modulate T-lymphocyte survival in peripheral tissues. Osteostat is expressed at high levels in the small intestine, ovary, testis, kidney and endothelial cells after stimulation by lipopolysaccharides.
      Osteostat protein is detectable in human microvascular EC and is highly up-regulated by IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Osteostat inhibit differentiation of osteoclasts from monocytic precursor cells. Osteostat suppresses the early stage of osteoclastogenesis via inhibition of macrophage colony-stimulating factorinduced receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) expression in the osteoclast precursor cells. Osteostat does not inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced RANK expression in monocytes and dendritic cells, or activation-induced RANK expression in T cells. Osteostat is a novel regulator of osteoclast generation and substantiate the major role played by the endothelium in bone physiology.

    • Synonyms

      Osteostat, TNFSF18, Activation-induced TNFR member Ligand, GITRL,TL6, AITRL, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, hGITRL, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18, MGC138237.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MQLETAKEPC MAKFGPLPSK WQMASSEPPC VNKVSDWKLE ILQNGLYLIY GQVAPNANYN DVAPFEVRLY KNKDMIQTLT NKSKIQNVGG TYELHVGDTI DLIFNSEHQV LKNNTYWGII LIANPQEISL EHHHHHH.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Gitrl Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    AITRL Human Recombinant

    Osteostat, TNFSF18, Activation-induced TNFR member Ligand, GITRL,TL6, AITRL, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, hGITRL, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18, MGC138237.

    Product # :

    CYT-076

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    Description

    AITRL Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 129 amino acids (72-199) and having a molecular mass of 14.6 kDa.AITRL is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    E.coli.

    Formulation

    The AITRL solution (0.5mg/ml) contains 10mM sodium citrate (pH 3.5), 1mMDTT and 10% glycerol

    Purity

    Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Synonyms

      Osteostat, TNFSF18, Activation-induced TNFR member Ligand, GITRL,TL6, AITRL, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, hGITRL, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18, MGC138237.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MQLETAKEPC MAKFGPLPSK WQMASSEPPC VNKVSDWKLE ILQNGLYLIY GQVAPNANYN DVAPFEVRLY KNKDMIQTLT NKSKIQNVGG TYELHVGDTI DLIFNSEHQV LKNNTYWGII LLANPQFIS

    • Background

      AITRL Human Recombinant: Unraveling its Significance in Immune Modulation and Therapeutic Implications

      1. Abstract

      This research paper provides a comprehensive examination of AITRL Human Recombinant, an essential protein involved in immune modulation. By exploring its structure, signaling mechanisms, biological functions, and implications in disease pathology, we shed light on the potential therapeutic applications of AITRL in immune-related disorders.

      2. Introduction

      AITRL, also known as TNFSF18, is a receptor protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. It plays a crucial role in immune regulation and has emerged as an intriguing target for therapeutic interventions in various immune-mediated conditions.

      3. Structure and Signaling of AITRL

      AITRL is a transmembrane protein with a conserved TNF domain. It interacts with its receptor, AITR (TNFRSF18), leading to downstream signaling events that modulate immune cell function. The binding of AITRL to AITR promotes immune cell activation and cytokine production.

      4. Biological Functions of AITRL

      AITRL is involved in the regulation of immune responses by influencing T-cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. It can stimulate effector T-cell responses while also promoting the development and function of regulatory T cells, thus maintaining immune homeostasis.

      5. AITRL in Disease Pathology

      Dysregulation of AITRL signaling has been implicated in various immune-related disorders, including autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions, and cancer. AITRL's involvement in disease pathology highlights its significance as a potential therapeutic target.

      6. Therapeutic Potential of AITRL

      The unique role of AITRL in immune modulation presents opportunities for therapeutic interventions. Modulating AITRL signaling holds promise for manipulating immune responses in the context of autoimmune diseases, allergic disorders, and cancer immunotherapy.

      7. Conclusion and Future Perspectives

      While our understanding of AITRL and its functions has advanced significantly, further research is needed to unravel its complex signaling pathways and therapeutic potential fully. Continued investigations into AITRL biology will pave the way for the development of targeted therapies for immune-related disorders.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Tnfsf18 Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    AITR Human Recombinant

    TNFRSF18, AITR, CD357, GITR, GITR-D, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18, Activation-inducible TNFR family receptor, Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, CD357, UNQ319/PRO364.

    Product # :

    CYT-925

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    • description
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    Description

    AITR Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 145 amino acids (26-162a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 15.6kDa (Migrates at 18-28kDa on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions).AITR is fused to an 8 amino acid His-tag at C-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

    Formulation

    AITR protein solution (0.5mg/ml) containing Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Synonyms

      TNFRSF18, AITR, CD357, GITR, GITR-D, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18, Activation-inducible TNFR family receptor, Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, CD357, UNQ319/PRO364.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      QRPTGGPGCG PGRLLLGTGT DARCCRVHTT RCCRDYPGEE CCSEWDCMCV QPEFHCGDPC CTTCRHHPCP PGQGVQSQGK FSFGFQCIDC ASGTFSGGHE GHCKPWTDCT QFGFLTVFPG NKTHNAVCVP GSPPAEPLEH HHHHH.

    • Background

      AITR Human Recombinant: Unveiling its Role in Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Potential

      1. Abstract

      This research paper aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the AITR Human Recombinant, a crucial receptor involved in immune regulation. By examining its structure, signaling pathways, biological functions, and implications in disease, we unravel the potential therapeutic applications of AITR in immune-related disorders.

      2. Introduction

      AITR, also known as TNFRSF18, is a receptor protein that plays a vital role in immune regulation. With its involvement in T-cell responses and immune tolerance, AITR has emerged as an intriguing target for therapeutic interventions in various immune-mediated conditions.

      3. Structure and Signaling of AITR

      AITR is a transmembrane receptor protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Its extracellular domain interacts with its ligand, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR) ligand, leading to downstream signaling events that modulate immune cell function.

      4. Biological Functions of AITR

      AITR activation influences T-cell responses by regulating T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. Additionally, AITR signaling can modulate the balance between effector and regulatory T-cell populations, thereby playing a role in immune tolerance and immune homeostasis.

      5. AITR in Disease Pathology

      AITR dysregulation has been associated with various immune-related disorders, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and transplant rejection. Understanding the role of AITR in these pathologies may provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting AITR signaling.

      6. Therapeutic Potential of AITR

      The unique role of AITR in immune regulation makes it an appealing target for therapeutic interventions. Modulation of AITR signaling holds promise for manipulating immune responses in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancer immunotherapy, and transplantation.

      7. Conclusion and Future Perspectives

      While our understanding of AITR and its functions has advanced significantly, further research is warranted to unravel its complex signaling pathways and therapeutic potential. Continued investigations into AITR biology will enhance our ability to develop targeted therapies for immune-related disorders.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Aitr Human

About AITRL / GITRL:

AITRL / TNFSF18 cytokine is a member of the TNF ligand family andconstitutes as a ligand for TNFRSF18 / AITR.  AITRL / TNFSF18 controls the survival of T lymphocyte in peripheral tissues. AITRL / TNFSF18 is produced in endothelial cells, and takes an essential role in T lymphocytes and endothelial cells interaction.

TNFSF18 acts decreases the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Facilitates initiation of NF-kappa-B. Activates the rise in phosphorylation of STAT1 and controls the production of VCAM1 and ICAM1. AITRL increases leukocyte bonding to endothelial cells and modulates the movement of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to locations of inflammation.

TNFSF18 is produced in human and murine keratinocytes and its expression triggered by Th2 proteins in mouse keratinocytes. The stimulation of AITRL in human keratinocytes is controled by TNFA and Th2 proteins. Ligation of TNFRSF18 stimulates nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B production through TNF receptor-associated factor 2 and guards the cells from TCR activation-induced cell death.

TNFRS18 is produced small quantities in bone marrow, peripheral blood T cells, thymus, lymph nodes  and spleen. The human AITR expression of is not induced by the treatment with dexamethasone as found in mouse species, but is controlled by antigen-receptor interaction or by soluble anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 or PMA with addition of ionomycin. TNFSF18 is expressed on murine splenic B cells by IL4 & CD40, LPS, CpG and oligonucleotide  GITRL is also produced in retinal pigment epithelial cells by IFNG, TNFA and IL1A. TNFSF18 binds to TNFRSF18 and activates the control of the immune to tryptophan catabolism using reverse signaling in mouse dendritic cells.