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Elongation factor 1-beta (EEF1B2) is a translation elongation factor. EEF1B2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor which is involved in the transfer of aminoacylated tRNAs to the ribosome. Both EEF1B2 and EEF1D stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to EEF1A to GTP.

RBP5 is a member of the Retinol-binding proteins family. Estimation of retinol-binding protein is used to determine visceral protein mass in nutritional studies related to health. RBP5 has a higher expression in the adult kidney and liver and to a lesser extent in the adult and fetal spleen, adult lymph nodes and appendix, and fetal liver and kidney. RBP5 expression is strongly decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.

SRP54 is a 54-kDa subunit of the signal recognition particle (SRP), a cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complex which leads the translocation of newly synthesized secretory proteins from the polysome to the endoplasmic reticulum. SRP is composed of six polypeptides and a tRNA-like molecule known as 7SL RNA. SRP54 is a GTP-binding protein that directly binds the signal sequences of nascent secretory and membrane proteins. Anti-SRP autoantibodies take place in patients with an autoimmune chronic muscle inflammation called polymyositis. These auto-antibodies predominantly recognize the SRP54 subunit and in addition are able to immunoprecipitate several of the SRP subunits and the RNA component. Nearly 5% of myositis patients are positive for anti-SRP autoantibodies, increasing to 18% in the subgroup of Jo-1 autoantibody-negative patients. The classic 'anti-SRP syndrome' is a severe form of polymyositis in which the myositic inflammation is acute and aggressive onset, with common myalgias and cardiac involvement. Normally there is a poor reaction to therapy with a 5-year survival rate of about 25%.

TREM1 is a transmembrane receptor protein that is involved in monocytic activation and in the inflammatory response. TREM1 is expressed on the surface of neutrophils, mature monocytes and macrophages. TREM1 stimulates neutrophil and monocyte-mediated inflammatory responses. TREM1 also triggers the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, as well as increased surface expression of cell activation markers. Furthermore, TREM1 is an amplifier of inflammatory responses that are triggered by bacterial and fungal infections and is a fundamental mediator of septic shock. The expression of the soluble form of TREM1 increases during sepsis and can consequently be used as a biological marker for septic shock. TREM1 is strongly expressed in acute inflammatory lesions caused by bacteria and fungi. Increased TREM1 expression on monocytes is related to both infectious and noninfectious inflammatory processes.
TREM1 is vastly expressed in adult liver, lung and spleen than in corresponding fetal tissue. TREM1 is also expressed in the lymph node, placenta, spinal cord and heart tissues. TREM1 expression is more elevated in peripheral blood leukocytes than in the bone marrow and in normal cells than malignant cells. TREM1 is expressed at low levels in the early development of the hematopoietic system and in the promonocytic stage and at high levels in mature monocytes.

EIF2S1 participates in the premature steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA which binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to create a 43S pre-initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 should exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B.

Oxidative Stress Responsive 1, also known as OXSR1 belongs to the neuronal calcium sensor gene family. OXSR1 encodes calcium-binding proteins which expressed mainly in neurons and regulates G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation in a calcium-dependent way. OXSR1 regulates downstream kinases in response to environmental stress and functions in regulating the actin cytoskeleton.

Endothelial sialomucin (Endomucin) interferes with the assembly of focal adhesion complexes and inhibits interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix. Endomucin is expressed in the heart, kidney and lung.

EIF5A2 is part of the eukaryotic initiation factor 5A subfamily, is an vital protein strongly linked to cellular polyamine homeostasis. EIF5A2 promotes the formation of the first peptide bond during the initial stage of protein synthesis. EIF5A2 is the single eukaryotic protein to have a hypusine residue, which is a post-translational modification of a lysine by the addition of a butylamino group.

Reticulocalbin-2 (RCN2) is a member of the CREC protein family. RCN2 is a calcium-binding protein found in the lumen of the ER. RCN2 contains 6 conserved regions with similarity to a high affinity Ca(+2)-binding motif, the EF-hand.

Yersinia enterocolitica is a Gram-negative bacillus-shaped bacterium, which is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Y.Enterocolitica is motile at temperatures between 22-29°C, however becomes non-motile at normal human body temperature. Y. Enterocolitica infection causes the yersiniosis disease, which is an animal-borne disease occurring in humans, as well as in a various groups of animals such as cattle, deer, pigs, and birds. Yersinia enterocolitica is a heterogeneous group of strains, which are conventionally classified by bio-typing into six bio-groups on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, and by serotyping into more than 57 “O” serogroups, on the basis of their O (lipopolysaccharide or LPS) surface antigen. Five of the six biogroups (1B and 2–5) are considered as pathogens. Nevertheless, only a few of these serogroups have been linked with disease in either humans or animals. Strains which belong to serogroups O:3 (biogroup 4), O:5,27 (biogroups 2 and 3), O:8 (biogroup 1B), and O:9 (biogroup 2) are most frequently isolated worldwide from human samples. Still, the main Y. enterocolitica serogroup in many European countries is serogroup O:3 followed by O:9, whereas the serogroup O:8 is mostly detected in the United States.

Uromodulin (Tamm–Horsfall protein) is produced mainly by cells in the kidney’s thick ascending limb and is the most abundant protein in normal urine.
Uromodulin takes part in salt and water regulation, helps prevent urinary tract infections and kidney stones, and influences inflammation and immune activity in the kidney.
Reduced Uromodulin levels is associated with chronic kidney disease.
UMOD mutations causes unproper protein folding and thus transported incorrectly, resulting in its accumulation inside kidney tubular cells that damages the tubules and cause kidney disease (ADTKD-UMOD), associated with high uric acid, gout, and progressive kidney failure.

Estrogen receptors α (ERα, ER; NR3A1) is a member of the steroid hormone receptor family. ERα is a ligand-activated transcription factor. ERα contain DNA binding and ligand binding domains. ERα is expressed in a wide variety of tissues, including ovary, uterus, breast, prostate, testis, epididymis, bones, bladder, kidney, heart, vessel wall, pituitary gland and hypothalamus. ER plays a variety of important roles in the maintenance of the reproductive, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and central nervous systems. The natural ligand for ER is 17β-estradiol, the classical estrogenic compound. The binding of estrogen to ER induces a conformational change and triggers a cascade of events, including dissociation from heat shock proteins, receptor dimerization, phosphorylation and the association of the hormone activated receptor with specific regulatory elements in target genes.

E-selectin which is also called Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1, ELAM1, ELAM belongs to a family of divalent cation-dependent carbohydrate-binding glycoproteins or adhesion molecules. Eselectin is expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and mediates the interaction of leukocytes and platelets with endothelial cells during an inflammatory response. E-selectin is present in single copy in the human genome and contains 14 exons spanning about 13 kb of DNA.

E-cadherin (uvomorulin, cell-CAM120/80) is a calcium dependent cell adhesion molecule expressed predominately in epithelial tissues. It plays an important role in the growth and development of cells via the mechanisms of control of tissue architecture and the maintenance of tissue integrity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that reduction and/or loss of Ecadherin expression in carcinomas correlates positively with the potential of these tumors for invasion and metastasis.

Calreticulin 3 (CALR3) belongs to the calreticulin (CRT) family which consists of calcium binding chaperones that are localized to the endoplasmic reticulum or sarcoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes. CALR3, which is expressed mainly in testis, takes part in protein-folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the ER. CALR3 plays an important role as a cancer-testis antigen due to its frequent expression in many cancers.

DsbE is a reducing Dsb protein involved in electron transfer for cytochrome c maturation in the periplasm of Escherichia coli. DsbE is one of 12 proteins required for their assembly in the periplasm. DsbE functions is to decrease disulphide bonds formed among correctly paired cysteine residues in the cytochrome c apoproteins prior to haem attachment by CcmF and CcmH.

CRP is an acute phase protein that correlates with inflammatory disease and is synthesized by hepatocytes during the acute phase response by certain cytokines (IL-1 and TNF Alpha and Beta). CRP levels increase dramatically (up to 1,000 fold) and serve as a useful marker of inflammation in such conditions as bacterial infection, rheumatoid arthritis, viral infections, transplantation rejection, meningitis, myocardial infarction, septicemia, osteomyelitis and others. CRP is also highly correlated to Serum Amyloid A levels.

Gastroenteritis which has been identified as caused by Yersinia Enterocolitica has been discovered by virulent isolates of the bacteria. During infection, pores are being formed in the presence of adapter protein Yersiniosis. YopB's Interaction with the target membrane to form pores enables the entrance of YopE effectors to the cytoplasmic space of the host’s cell.

The 23kDa two-domain periplasmic chaperone FIMC from E.coli is vital for the assembly of type-1 pili, which are filamentous, very oligomeric protein complexes anchored to the outer bacterial membrane that mediate adhesion of pathogenic E. coli strains to host cell surfaces and persist in macrophages.

Ectodysplasin A Receptor, also known as EDAR belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family. EDAR is a receptor for the soluble ligand ectodysplasin A, and is capable of activating the nuclear factor-kappaB, JNK, as well as caspase-independent cell death pathways. EDAR is necessary for the development of hair, teeth, and other ectodermal derivatives. Furthermore, mutations in EDAR resulted in autosomal dominant and recessive forms of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 (CXCL5) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78 (ENA-78). It is produced following stimulation of cells with the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Expression of CXCL5 has also been observed in eosinophils. This chemokine stimulates the chemotaxis of neutrophils possesses angiogenic properties. It elicits these effects by interacting with the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR2. The gene for CXCL5 is encoded on four exons and is located on human chromosome 4 amongst several other CXC chemokine genes. CXCL5 has been implicated in connective tissue remodelling.

CRP is an acute phase protein that correlates with inflammatory disease and is synthesized by hepatocytes during the acute phase response by certain cytokines (IL-1 and TNF Alpha and Beta). CRP levels increase dramatically (up to 1,000 fold) and serve as a useful marker of inflammation in such conditions as bacterial infection, rheumatoid arthritis, viral infections, transplantation rejection, meningitis, myocardial infarction, septicemia, osteomyelitis and others. CRP is also highly correlated to Serum Amyloid A levels.

Ubiquinol-Cytochrome C Reductase Hinge Protein (UQCRH) is a member of the UQCRH/QCR6 family. UQCRH is a component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex), which is part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The UQCRH protein mediates formation of the complex between cytochromes c and c1.

CAB39 protein and STE20-related adaptor-alpha pseudo kinase, form a regulatory complex that is able of stimulating the activity of the LKB1 tumor suppressor protein kinase. CAB39 takes part as a scaffolding component of the STK11/STRAD complex and regulates STK11 activity and cellular localization.