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Fc Fragment Of IgG Receptor And Transporter also known as FCGRT is a transmembrane glycoprotein with structural homology to MHC class 1 proteins. FCGRT is widely expressed in endothelial and epithelial cells and takes a vital part in IgG homeostasis. Moreover, FCGRT is expressed in neutrophils in addition myeloid antigen presenting cells. FCGRT can enhance IgG-meditated phagocytosis as well as antigen presentation by heses cells, however it promotes the degradation of opsonizing IgG rather than returning it to the circulation.

Cerebral Cavernous Malformation 2, also known as CCM2 is a piece of the CCM signaling pathway which is a vital regulator of heart and vessel formation as well as integrity. CCM2 performs through the stabilization of endothelial cell junctions. In addition, CCM2 functions as a scaffold protein for MAP2K3-MAP3K3 signaling. CCM2 plays a key role in the modulation of MAP3K3-dependent p38 activation induced by hyperosmotic shock. Mutations in CCM2 result in cerebral cavernous malformations. Multiple transcript variants encoding dissimilar isoforms have been discovered for CCM2.

SRGN is identified as a hematopoietic cell granule proteoglycan. Proteoglycans stored in the secretory granules of various hematopoietic cells also hold a protease-resistant peptide core, and is vital for neutralizing hydrolytic enzymes. SRGN is related to the macromolecular complex of granzymes and perforin that acts as a intermediary of granule-mediated apoptosis.

Profilin-1 also known as Pfn1 is a ubiquitous actin monomer-binding protein which is a member of the profilin family. Pfn1 significantly enhances skin wound healing in-vitro as well as in-vivo which is mediated by purinergic receptors. Furthermore, Pfn1 is also active in endothelial cell migration and vessel sprouting. Pfn1 is considered to regulate actin polymerization in response to extracellular signals.

Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TACSTD2), is a member of to the EPCAM family. TACSTD2 is an intronless gene which encodes a carcinoma-associated antigen. TACSTD2 may act as a growth factor receptor and as a cell surface receptor that transduces calcium signals. Mutations of TACSTD2 have been associated with gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy.

Ferritin is a fairly large, iron-storage heteropolymeric protein composed of 2 subunit types, light Ferritin & heavy Ferritin polypeptides, which is expressed in most kinds of cells and co-assemble in different proportion in a tissue-specific manner. Ferritin is composed of 24 self-assembled polypeptide subunits of the heavy and light ferritin chains and is characterized by the capacity to remove Fe from solution in the presence of oxygen.
Ferritin light polypeptide protein is the main intracellular iron storage protein in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Variation in ferritin subunit composition influence the rates of iron uptake and release in various tissues. A key function of ferritin is the storage of iron in a soluble and nontoxic state. Defects in this light chain ferritin gene are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases and hyper ferrit anemia-cataract syndrome.
Ferritin stores iron in a soluble, nontoxic, readily accessible form. Ferritin is needed for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after it has been oxidized.

Neuregulin/Heregulin is a family of structurally related polypeptide growth factors which are stemmed from alternatively spliced genes (NRG1, NRG2, NRG3 and NRG4). Thus far, there are more than 14 soluble and transmembrane proteins derived from the NRG1 gene. Proteolytic processing of the extracellular domain of the transmembrane NRG1 isoforms release soluble growth factors. These isoforms contain the heregulins (HRGs), glial growth factors (GGFs) and sensory and motor neuron-derived factor (SMDF). All these factors have the Ig and EGF-like domain, and are able to bind to ErbB3 and ErbB4 receptor tyrosin kinases. This binding stimulates erb3 and erb4 heterodimerization with erb2, promoting intrinsic kinase activity, which results in tyrosine phosphorylation. NRG1 isoforms act to induce the growth and differentiation of epithelial, neuronal, glial, and other types of cells.

BAFF binds to tnfrsf13b/taci and tnfrsf17/bcma. Tnfsf13/april binds to the same 2 receptors, together, they form a 2 ligands -2 receptors pathway involved in the stimulation of b- and t-cell function and the regulation of humoral immunity. A third b-cell specific baff-receptor (baffr/br3) promotes the survival of mature b-cells and the b-cell response.
B Lymphocyte Stimulator functions as a potent B-cell growth factor in costimulation assays.
Administration of BAFF Human recombinant to mice disrupts splenic B-cell and T-cell zones and results in elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin.

The human Lymphocyte Antigen 6 Complex Locus G6F (LY6G6F) protein is a type I transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobin (Ig) superfamily, which contains cell-surface proteins involved in the immune system and cellular recognition. The LY6G6F protein has a role in the downstream signal transduction pathways involving GRB2 and GRB7.

The Transferrin glycoproteins are responsible for the blood levels of free iron by binding to iron in the plasma. The transferrin molecules in humans are encoded by a gene called TF. Transferrin binds to iron in a tight but reversible way. The iron levels that binds to transferrin are very low in comparison to the total body iron, nonetheless, it is extremely vital iron levels with the greatest turnover rate.

Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex Assembly Factor 2 (SDHAF2) is a mitochondrial protein required for the flavination of a succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit essential for activity of the complex. DHAF2 is necessary for insertion of FAD cofactor into SDHA, the catalytic subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). SDH is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). SDHAF2 gene defects are the cause of hereditary paragangliomas type 2 (PGL2), otherwise known as familial non-chromaffin paragangliomas type 2.

The recombinant Protein A/G is a genetically engineered protein comprised of 8 IgG-binding domains EDABC-C1C2C3, corresponding to the Protein A and G domains which are included in the recombinant sequence. The Protein A part is from Staphylococcus aureus segments E, D, A, B and C. The Protein G part is from Streptococcus segments C1, C2 and C3. The recombinant Protein A/G has a broader binding capacity than either Protein A or Protein G alone. The recombinant Protein A/G is ideal for purification of monoclonal or polyclonal IgG antibodies. Protein A/G binds to various human, mouse and rat IgG subclasses such as the human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4; mouse IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3 and rat IgG2a, IgG2c. In addition, Protein A/G binds to total IgG from cow, goat, sheep, horse, rabbit, guinea pig, pig, dog and cat.

Zinc Finger HIT-Type Containing 3 (ZNHIT3) which contains one HIT-type zinc finger, requires the presence of thyroid hormone for its interaction. Thyroid receptor interacting proteins particularly interact with the ligand binding domain of the thyroid receptor (TR).

ARF6 is a part of the ADP ribosylation factor family of GTP-binding proteins. ARF6 is restricted to the plasma membrane, and controls vesicular trafficking, remodeling of membrane lipids, and signaling pathways which lead to actin remodeling. Furthermore, ARF6 is a key player in conservation of organelle integrity, assembly of coat proteins and activation of phospholipase D.

The type II transmembrane protein FASLG is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. A fas ligand/receptor interaction has a significant part in the regulation of the immune system and the advancement of cancer. FASLG is expressed on the activated T cell surface as a nondisulfidelinked homotrimer. FASLG binding to Fas/CD95/TNFRSF6 on a nearby cell prompts apoptosis in the Fas expressing cell. FASLG is released from the cell surface by metalloproteinases as a soluble molecule that stays trimeric and is able to bind with Fas, but its capability to activate apoptosis is radically reduced. In addition, FASLG binds to DcR3 - a soluble trap receptor with no signal transduction capabilities. Flawed Fas-mediated apoptosis causes oncogenesis in addition to drug resistance in existing tumors. Constitutive expression of FASLG in a variety of tumors enables their immune evasion. Both mouse and human FASLG are active on mouse and human cells.

HTATIP2 is part of the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family which acts as a tumor suppressor in metabolic suppression, inhibition of angiogenesis and induces the expression of apoptosis related genes Bad and Siva. HTATIP2 cooperates with the activation domain of HIV-1 TAT and enhances its transcription by phosphorylating RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Defects in HTATIP2 are related with hepatocellular carcinomas and apoptotic resistant tumor cells, implicating a probable use for HTATIP2 in antitumor therapy.

Neuregulin/Heregulin is a family of structurally related polypeptide growth factors which are stemmed from alternatively spliced genes (NRG1, NRG2, NRG3 and NRG4). There are more than 14 soluble and transmembrane proteins derived from the NRG1 gene. Proteolytic processing of the extracellular domain of the transmembrane NRG1 isoforms release soluble growth factors. These isoforms contain the heregulins (HRGs), glial growth factors (GGFs) and sensory and motor neuron-derived factor (SMDF). All these factors have the Ig and EGF-like domain, and are able to bind to ErbB3 and ErbB4 receptor tyrosin kinases. This binding stimulates erb3 and erb4 heterodimerization with erb2, promoting intrinsic kinase activity, which results in tyrosine phosphorylation. NRG1 isoforms induce the growth and differentiation of epithelial, neuronal, glial, and other types of cells.

RBP1 is a member of the calycin superfamily and fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family. RBP1 is the carrier protein which takes part in the transport of retinol (vitamin A alcohol) from the liver storage site to peripheral tissue. Additionally, RBP1 performs as a bridging molecule to recruit histone deacetylases (HDACs) which is a forceful regulator of gene expression. RBP1 is found in almost all the tissues with higher expression in pancreas, adrenal gland and pituitary gland, fetal liver and adult ovary.

Glutathione S-transferase, also known as GST, is an antioxidant enzyme. It is the primary defense mechanism from reactive oxygen in the cell. The enzyme GST reduces hydroperoxides of lipids via a Se-independent glutathione peroxidase actions. GST detoxifies peroxidation of lipids bi-products, for example 4-hydroxynonenal.

Alpha 1 ACT is an early-stage acute-phase plasma protein and a serpin that preferentially inactivates chymotrypsin, cathepsin G, and chymase. Alpha-1-ACT, a serine protease inhibitor, is tightly associated with amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in normal aged human and monkey brain.
Regulation of the serine proteases and serine protease inhibitors plays an important role in neuromuscular differentiation. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), a chymotrypsin-like serine protease, is predominantly complexed to Alpha-1-ACT.

Dickkopf-related protein 3 (DKK3) belongs to the DKK protein family including Dkk-1, 2, 3 and -4. DKK3 is a 350 amino acid secreted glycoprotein which is comprised of an N-terminal signal peptide and 2 conserved cysteine-rich domains that are separated by a 12 amino acid linker region. DKK3 is involved in embryonic development through its inhibition of the WNT signaling pathway. DKK3 gene expression is decreased in a variety of cancer cell lines and it may act as a tumor suppressor gene.