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TNNI2 is a fast-twitch skeletal muscle protein, belongs to the troponin I gene family, and is part of the troponin complex including troponin T, troponin C and troponin I subunits. The troponin complex, together with tropomyosin, is responsible for the calcium-dependent regulation of striated muscle contraction. TNNI2 is also present in vascular smooth muscle and may play a role in regulation of smooth muscle function. Other than muscle tissues, TNNI2 is found in corneal epithelium, cartilage where it is an inhibitor of angiogenesis to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, and mammary gland where it functions as a coactivator of estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha. Furthermore, TNNI2 suppresses tumor growth in human ovarian carcinoma. Mutations in the TNNI2 gene cause myopathy and distal arthrogryposis type 2B.

60S ribosome subunit biogenesis protein NIP7 homolog (NIP7) belongs to NIP7 family and contains 1 PUA domain. NIP7 interacts with pre-ribosome complex and may bind to RNA. NIP7 is vital for proper 27S pre-rRNA processing and 60S ribosome subunit assembly.

TIGAR is a p53-inducible enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose-2-6 bisphosphate (F-2-6-BP) to fructose-6-phosphate and inorganic phosphate. F-2-6-BP is an influential activator of 6-phosphofructose-1 kinase (the rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis). By lowering the intracellular level of F-2-6-BP, TIGAR expression leads to increased glucose processing through the pentose phosphate pathway, the main cellular source for NADPH.

a-Synuclein (amino acids 1-140), an acidic neuronal protein of 140 amino acids, is extremely heat-resistant and is natively unfolded with an extended structure primarily composed of random coils. a-synuclein has been suggested to be implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and related neurodegenerative disorders, and more recently, to be an important regulatory component of vesicular transport in neuronal cells. Moreover, recent studies have shown that a-synuclein has chaperone activity and that this activity is lost upon removing its C-terminal acidic tail (amino acids 96-140).

SNRPD1 Human Recombinant produced in SF9 is a glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a calculated molecular mass of 16kDa.
SNRPD1 is expressed with a -6x His tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Melanoma Antigen Family B,10 also known as MAGEB10 is a member of the B subfamily of the melanoma associated antigen protein family. MAGEB10 is specifically expressed in testis and tumor cells. One of the diseases associated with MAGEB10 is melanoma.

BECN1, Beclin-1 and autophagy-related gene (Atg) 6, is a member of the beclin family. BECN1 has a key role in autophagy and antiviral host defense. Beclin-1 and its binding partner class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), also named Vps34, are vital for the initiation of the formation of the autophagasome in autophagy. Also it is required for the abscission step of cytokinesis.

RAB8, Member RAS Oncogene Family (RAB8B), is a low molecular mass monomeric GTPases which localize on the cytoplasmic surfaces of distinct membrane-bound organelles. RAB8 takes part in polarized vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter release and also in cell junction dynamics in Sertoli cells. RAB proteins function in intracellular vesicle transport by aiding in the docking or fusion of vesicles with their target membranes.

Recoverin is a member of the recoverin family of neuronal calcium sensors. Recoverin is a heterogeneously acylated calcium-binding and intracellular signal transduction 23kDa protein in the photoreceptor cells of retina. Recoverin contains four EF-hands, of which two bind Ca. Ca-induced extrusion of the acyl group from a hydrophobic cleft in the protein drives the translocation of recoverin from solution to the disc membrane. Recoverin may prolong the termination of the phototransduction cascade in the retina by blocking the phosphorylation of photo-activated rhodopsin. Recoverin plays a key role in the inhibition of rhodopsin kinase, a molecule that regulates the phosphorylation of rhodopsin. This in due course controls the ability of the eye to adapt to, and recover from, exposure to the presence of light. Recoverin is a detectable serologic protein that is expressed in patients with cancer-associated retinopathy, a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein 2 (CRISP2) regulates some ion channels activity and thereby regulates calcium fluxes during sperm capacitation. Amongst its related pathways are p53 signaling. Diseases related with CRISP2 include epididymitis and orchitis.

Histone is vastly alkaline protein exists in eukaryotic cell nuclei which set and direct the DNA into structural units named nucleosomes. 5 key families of histones are: H1/H5, H2A, H2B, H3, including H4. The core histones are H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, whereas histones H1/H5 are identified as the linker histones. Moreover the dynamics of chromatin structure depend on posttranslational modification of histones in addition to the appearance of different histone variants. Histone H3 as well as H4 are modified covalently at several residues. The histone code is constitute by these and the H2A/H2B modifications.

Prepronociceptin (PNOC) is the ligand of the opioid receptor-like receptor (OPRL1). PNOC functions as a transmitter in the brain by modulating nociceptive and locomotor behavior. The PNOC protein may also be involved in neuronal differentiation and development.

TRIM21 is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The TRIM motif includes three zinc-binding domains, a RING, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2, and a coiled-coil region. The 52 kDa Ro protein is part of the RoSSA ribonucleoprotein, which includes a single polypeptide and one of four small RNA molecules. The RoSSA particle localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Ro/SSA interacts with autoantigens in patients with Sjogren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ribonucleoprotein particle is composed of a single polypeptide and one of four small RNA molecules. The RoSSA is present in all mammalian cells studied but has no known function. At least 2 isoforms are present in nucleated and red blood cells, and tissue specific differences in Ro/SSA proteins were identified.

Nephroblastoma Overexpressed (NOV) which is encoded by the NOV gene is a part of the CCN (CTGF/CYR61/NOV) family. NOV takes part in reducing tumorgenicity and proliferation of certain cancer cell lines. NOV interacts with numerous proteins and is involved in both internal and external cell signaling. NOV is expressed in particular tumors, including Wilm’s tumor and most nephroblastomas and is also exerts proangiogenic activities.

HCV is a small 50nm, enveloped, single-stranded, positive sense RNAvirus in the family Flaviviridae.
HCV has a high rate of replication with approximately one trillion particles produced each day in an infected individual. Due to lack of proofreading by the HCV RNA polymerase, the HCV has an exceptionally high mutation rate, a factor that may help it elude the host's immune response. Hepatitis C virus is classified into six genotypes(1-6) with several subtypes within each genotype. The preponderance and distribution of HCV genotypes varies globally. Genotype is clinically important in determining potential response to IFN-based therapy and the required duration of such therapy. Genotypes 1 and 4 are less responsive to IFN-based treatment than are the other genotypes (2, 3, 5 and 6).

The P34 protein is the main allergen for soybean sensitive humans. Soybean protein P34, a thiol protease belonging to the papain family, is a monomeric allergen having an N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid composition identical to that of the seed 34kDa protein. It is an insoluble glycoprotein having a pI of 4.5 and a calculated mass of 28.643 Dalton, representing 2–3% of total soybean protein. Upon glycosylation, the mass will be somewhat larger, resulting in a ~32kDa band in non-reduced SDS PAGE gels. It exhibits no enzymatic function due to an absence of the catalytic cysteine. P34 is stored in storage vacuoles of soybean cotyledons.

HMGN1 binds to the inner side of the nucleosomal DNA therefore changing the interaction between the DNA and the histone octamer. HMGN1 participates in the development which maintains transcribable genes in an exceptional chromatin conformation. HMGN1 inhibits the phosphorylation of nucleosomal histones H3 and H2A by RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA3/RSK2.

Cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly factor NUBP1 isoform 1 (NUBP1) is Involved in the regulation of centrosome duplication similarity. NUBP1 is a component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. NUBP1 is necessary for maturation of extra mitochondrial Fe-S proteins. The NUBP1-NUBP2 heterotetramer constructs a Fe-S scaffold complex, mediating the de novo compilation of a Fe-S cluster and its transfer to target apoproteins.

Intracisternal A particle-promoted polypeptide (IPP) is a 66kDa protein (584 amino acids), which contains an N-terminal POZ protein-protein interaction domain and a C-terminal kelch repeat domain consisting of six tandem arranged repeats. The POZ domain (also called BTB domain) is present near the N-terminus of a fraction of zinc finger proteins and in protein that contain the pfam01344 motif such as kelch and pox virus proteins. The BTB/POZ domain mediates homomeric dimerization and in some instances heteromeric dimerization. POZ domains from several zinc finger proteins have been shown to mediate transcriptional repression and to interact with components of histone deacetylase co-repressor complexes including N-coR and SMRT.

Myozenin 1 (MYOZ1) is a member of the myozenin family. MYOZ1 is mostly expressed in the skeletal muscle. Members of the myozenin family act as calcineurin-interacting proteins which helps tether calcineurin to the sarcomere of cardiac and skeletal muscle. The myozenin family plays a significant role in modulation of calcineurin signaling.

COMM domain-containing protein 9 (COMMD9), is a part of the COMMD family. The COMMD family is a group of evolutionary conserved proteins that share a common COMM domain at their extreme C-terminus, which provides an interface for protein-protein interactions. COMMD9 is a 198 amino acid ubiquitously expressed protein which contains one COMM domain and involved in signaling events all over the cell.

HRSP12 (UK114) is an endoribonuclease found mainly in the human adult kidney and liver, and which is responsible for inhibiting translation by cleaving mRNA. HRSP12 cleaves phosphodiester bonds only in single-stranded RNA. HRSP12 may be an important biomarker for heptatic carcinoma.

The transcription of heat-shock genes is rapidly induced after temperature stress in response to environmental changes, and it is also involved in oogenesis, spermatogenesis, and placental development. Hsp90, is a major repressor of HSF1 gene. HSF1 is known for its participation in heat shock response. HSF1 protein regulates the transcription of hundreds of targets, such as genes involved in protein folding, detoxification, energy generation, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell wall organization.
HSF1 binds to MTA1 in vitro & in breast carcinoma. Suppression of estrogen-dependent transcription may contribute to role of HSF1 in cancer.
Human cancer lines of diverse origins express higher dependence on HSF1 function to maintain proliferation and survival than their non-transformed counterparts.
HSF1 induces anticoagulation and relaxation factors in vascular endothelial cells and could therefore be used to treat cardiovascular disease. HSF1 is directly involved in the regulation of HO1 having an anti-oxidative role.
NF-kappaB and HSF1 are systemically activated in human acute pancreatitis.
HSF1 activation protects against severity of pancreatitis.
HSF is a vital transcription factor which plays a role in up-regulation of VDUP1 expression through stresses such as elevated density and serum deprivation cultures.