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  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    RELM-Gamma Mouse Recombinant

    Resistin-like gamma, RELMgamma,RELM-γ, RELM-g. 

    Product # :

    CYT-1035

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    Description

    RELM g Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non glycosylated, homodimeric polypeptide chain containing 2 x 89 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 18.9kDa. The RELM is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    Lyophilized from a sterile filtered solution containing 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid (TFA).

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      RELM-gamma is a novel member of the resistin-like molecule/found in inflammatory zone (RELM/FIZZ) family in mice and rats. Microarray and real-time RT-PCR experiments revealed a repression of RELMgamma mRNA in nasal respiratory epithelium of cigarette smoke-exposed versus untreated rats. The analysis of the physiological tissue-specific expression revealed highest expression in hematopoietic tissues, suggesting a cytokine-like role for RELM-gamma. RELM-gamma-mRNA is detectable in bone marrow, spleen, and lung as well as in peripheral blood granulocytes. Promyelocytic HL60 cells transfected with a RELM-gamma expression plasmid have an increased proliferation rate compared to mock-transfected cells and display an altered response to retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation. Taken together, these data provide the first experimental evidence that RELM-gamma is a secreted molecule with a restricted expression pattern that may play a role in promyelocytic differentiation.

    • Synonyms

      Resistin-like gamma, RELMgamma,RELM-γ, RELM-g.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized RELM g although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution RELM g Mouse should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized RELM g in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O at a concentration of 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MEGTLESIVE KKVKELLANR DDCPSTVTKT FSCTSITASG RLASCPSGMT VTGCACGYGC GSWDIRDGNT CHCQCSTMDW ATARCCQLA.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Mouse Relm Gamma
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Platelet Factor-4 Human Recombinant (CXCL4)

    CXCL4, PF-4, PF4, Iroplact, Oncostatin-A, SCYB4, MGC138298.

    Product # :

    CHM-350

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    Description

    CXCL4 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 70 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 7.8 kDa.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    The CXCL4 protein was filtered (0.2µm) and lyophilized from a concentrated solution containing 20mM PB and 1.5M NaCl, pH 7.4.

    Purity

    Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human fibroblasts is in a concentration of 1.0-10 ng/ml.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Platelet factor-4 is a 70-amino acid protein that is released from the alpha-granules of activated platelets. Its major physiologic role appears to be neutralization of molecules on the endothelial surface of blood vessels, thereby inhibiting local antithrombin III activity and promoting coagulation. As a strong chemoattractant for neutrophils and fibroblasts, PF4 probably has a role in inflammation and wound repair. Oncostatin-A is a member of the CXC chemokine family. Furthermore it is used as an inhibitor in the angiogenesis during tumor therapy.

    • Synonyms

      CXCL4, PF-4, PF4, Iroplact, Oncostatin-A, SCYB4, MGC138298.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered white lyophilized powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized CXCL4 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution CXCL4 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized CXCL4 in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      EAEEDGDLQC LCVKTTSQVR PRHITSLEVI KAGPHCPTAQ LIATLKNGRK ICLDLQAPLY KKIIKKLLES.

    • Background

      What is the molecular weight/Mw of PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein?
      PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 7.8kDa.

      What is the source or expression system of PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein?
      Escherichia Coli.

      What is the Purity of PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein?
      PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

      What is the Biological Activity of PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein?
      The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human fibroblasts is in a concentration of 1.0-10 ng/ml.

      What is the amino acid sequence of PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein?
      EAEEDGDLQC LCVKTTSQVR PRHITSLEVI KAGPHCPTAQ LIATLKNGRK ICLDLQAPLY KKIIKKLLES.

      What applications can PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein be used in?
      PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

      What is the endotoxin level for PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein?
      The endotoxin level is minimal, PLATELET FACTOR 4 HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.


    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Pf 4 Human Recombinant
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    Description:

    LIF Human Recombinant, Yeast

    CDF, HILDA, D-FACTOR, Differentiation- stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor, MLPLI, Emfilermin, Leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF, DIA.

    Product # :

    CYT-191

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    Description

    LIF Human Recombinant produced in yeast is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 180 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 58.5 kDa. The LIF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Pichia pastoris.

    Formulation

    The protein was lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS.

    Purity

    Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    The biological activity of recombinant human LIF was measured by the ability to induce differentiation of murine M1 myeloid leukemic cells. The minimal detectable concentration of human LIF in this assay is <0.05 ng/mL. The specific activity is > 1 x 108 units/mg.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Leukemia Inhibitory Factor also called LIF is a lymphoid factor that promotes long-term maintenance of embryonic stem cells by suppressing spontaneous differentiation. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor has several functions such as cholinergic neuron differentiation, control of stem cell pluripotency, bone & fat metabolism, mitogenesis of factor dependent cell lines & promotion of megakaryocyte production in vivo. Human and mouse LIF exhibit a 78% identity in its amino acid sequence.

    • Synonyms

      CDF, HILDA, D-FACTOR, Differentiation- stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor, MLPLI, Emfilermin, Leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF, DIA.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized LIF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution LIF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized LIF in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      S P L P I T P V N A T C A I R H P C H N N L M N Q I R S Q L A Q L N G S A N A L F I L Y Y T A Q G E P F P N N L D K L C G P N V T D F P P F H A N G T E K A K L V E L Y R I V V Y L G T S L G N I T R D Q K I L N P S A L S L H S K L N A T A D I L R G L L S N V L C R L C S K Y H V G H V D V T Y G P D T S G K D V F Q K K K L G C Q L L G K Y K Q I I A V L A Q A F.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Lif Human Yeast
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    Description:

    Fibroblast Growth Factor-9 Rat Recombinant

    GAF (Glia-activating factor), HBGF-9, MGC119914, MGC119915, FGF-9.

    Product # :

    CYT-558

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    Description

    Rat FGF9 Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 207 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 23.3kDa.The FGF-9 Mouse Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    The FGF-9 was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) sterile solution containing 10mM NaP, pH-7.5 &, 75mM Ammonium Sulfate.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependant proliferation of BAF3 cells expressing FGF receptors (measured by 3H-thymidine uptake) is <0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 2,000,000 Units/mg.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Rat and mouse FGF-9 show a very high homology to human FGF-9. The transcripts for FGF-9 have been found in brain and in kidney tissue. Fibroblast Growth Factor-9 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. FGF9 was isolated as a secreted factor that exhibits a growth-stimulating effect on cultured glial cells. In nervous system, this protein is produced mainly by neurons and may be important for glial cell development. Expression of the mouse homolog of this gene was found to be dependent on Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling. Mice lacking the homolog gene displayed a male-to-female sex reversal phenotype, which suggested a role in testicular embryogenesis Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 may have a role in glial cell growth and differentiation during development, gliosis during repair and regeneration of brain tissue after damage, differentiation and survival of neuronal cells, and growth stimulation of glial tumors.

    • Synonyms

      GAF (Glia-activating factor), HBGF-9, MGC119914, MGC119915, FGF-9.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized Rat Fibroblast Growth Factor-9 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution FGF9 Rat Recombinant should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Rat FGF-9 in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MPLGEVGSYFG VQDAVPFGNV PVLPVDSPVL LNDHLGQSEA GGLPRGPAVT DLDHLKGILR RRQLYCRTGF HLEIFPNGTI QGTRKDHSRF GILEFISIAV GLVSIRGVDS GLYLGMNEKG ELYGSEKLTQ ECVFREQFEE NWYNTYSSNL YKHVDTGRRY YVALNKDGTP REGTRTKRHQ KFTHFLPRPV DPDKVPELYK DILSQS.

    • Background

      What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF9 Protein?
      FGF9 Protein has a total Mw of 23.3kDa.

      What is the source or expression system of FGF9 Protein?
      Escherichia Coli.

      What is the Purity of FGF9 Protein?
      FGF9 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

      What is the Biological Activity of FGF9 Protein?
      The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependant proliferation of BAF3 cells expressing FGF receptors (measured by 3H-thymidine uptake) is <0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 2,000,000 Units/mg.

      What is the amino acid sequence of FGF9 Protein?
      MPLGEVGSYFG VQDAVPFGNV PVLPVDSPVL LNDHLGQSEA GGLPRGPAVT DLDHLKGILR RRQLYCRTGF HLEIFPNGTI QGTRKDHSRF GILEFISIAV GLVSIRGVDS GLYLGMNEKG ELYGSEKLTQ ECVFREQFEE NWYNTYSSNL YKHVDTGRRY YVALNKDGTP REGTRTKRHQ KFTHFLPRPV DPDKVPELYK DILSQS.

      What applications can FGF9 Protein be used in?
      FGF9 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

      What is the endotoxin level for FGF9 Protein?
      The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF9 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Fgf9 Rat
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    Name :

    PFN1 Rat

    Description:

    Profilin-1 Rat Recombinant

    Profilin-1, Profilin I.

    Product # :

    PRO-2231

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    Description

    PFN1 Rat Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 164 amino acids (1-140 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 17.5kDa. PFN1 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    PFN1 protein solution (1mg/ml) containing Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol 1mM DTT.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Profilin-1 also known as Pfn1 is a ubiquitous actin monomer-binding protein which is a member of the profilin family. Pfn1 significantly enhances skin wound healing in-vitro as well as in-vivo which is mediated by purinergic receptors. Furthermore, Pfn1 is also active in endothelial cell migration and vessel sprouting. Pfn1 is considered to regulate actin polymerization in response to extracellular signals.

    • Synonyms

      Profilin-1, Profilin I.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSHMAGWNA YIDSLMADGT CQDAAIVGYK DSPSVWAAVP GKTFVSITPA EVGVLVGKDR SSFFVNGLTL GGQKCSVIRD SLLQDGEFTM DLRTKSTGGA PTFNVTVTMT AKTLVLLMGK EGVHGGLINK KCYEMASHLR RSQY.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Pfn1 Rat
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Rat Recombinant (CCL2)

    Small inducible cytokine A2, CCL2, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1, MCP-1, Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor, MCAF, Monocyte secretory protein JE, HC11, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, MCP1, SCYA2, GDCF-2, SMC-CF, HSMCR30, MGC9434, GDCF-2 HC11, Immediate-early serum-responsive JE protein.

    Product # :

    CHM-315

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    Description

    Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Rat Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 125 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 14.1 kDa. The MCP-1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    The protein was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) sterile solution containing no additives.

    Purity

    Greater than 98.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    ED50 =1-10ng/ml corresponding to a Specific Activity of 100,000-1,000,000IU/mg. The biological activity was determined by measuring the dose dependent chemotaxis with human THP-1 cells. The optimal concentration should be determined for each specific application by an initial dose-response assay.

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    • Introduction

      Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). It is found at the site of tooth eruption and bone degradation. In the bone, CCL2 is expressed by mature osteoclasts and osteoblasts and is under the control of nuclear factor ?B (NF?B). CCL2 recruits immune cells, such as monocytes, to sites of tissue injury and infection. This chemokine is produced as a protein precursor containing signal peptide of 23 amino acids and a mature peptide of 76 amino acids. It is a monomeric polypeptide, with a molecular weightof approximately 13kDa. As with many other CC chemokines, CCL2 is located on chromosome 17 in humans. The cell surface receptors that bind CCL2 are CCR2 and CCR5.

    • Synonyms

      Small inducible cytokine A2, CCL2, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1, MCP-1, Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor, MCAF, Monocyte secretory protein JE, HC11, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, MCP1, SCYA2, GDCF-2, SMC-CF, HSMCR30, MGC9434, GDCF-2 HC11, Immediate-early serum-responsive JE protein.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized MCP-1 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution CCL2 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      QPDAVNAPLT CCYSFTGKMI PMSRLENYKR ITSSRCPKEA VVFVTKLKRE ICADPNKEWV QKYIRKLDQN QVRSETTVFY KIASTLRTSA PLNVNLTHKS EANASTLFST TTSSTSVEVT SMTEN.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Mcp 1 Rat
  • View Data Sheet

    Name :

    IFNG Rat

    Description:

    IFN-Gamma Rat Recombinant

    Immune IFN, type II IFN, T cell IFN, MAF, IFNG, IFG, IFI, IFN-gamma.

    Product # :

    CYT-359

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    Description

    IFN-gamma Rat Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 135 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15609 Dalton.The IFN-gamma is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    Lyophilized from a 0.2μm filtered concentrated (1mg/ml) solution in PBS, pH 7.4.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    The specific activity as determined by the cytopathic affect inhibition assay with murine L929 cells chalenged with EMC virus was < 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 10,000,000units/mg.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      IFN-gamma produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens.
      IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions, it is a potent activator of macrophages, and has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I IFNs.

    • Synonyms

      Immune IFN, type II IFN, T cell IFN, MAF, IFNG, IFG, IFI, IFN-gamma.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized IFN-gamma although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution IFN-gamma should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized IFN-gamma in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Met-Gln-Gly-Tyr-Leu.

    • Background

      What is the molecular weight/Mw of IFNG RAT Protein?
      IFNG RAT Protein has a total Mw of 15.6kDa.

      What is the source or expression system of IFNG RAT Protein?
      Escherichia Coli.

      What is the Purity of IFNG RAT Protein?
      IFNG RAT Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

      What is the Biological Activity of IFNG RAT Protein?
      The specific activity as determined by the cytopathic affect inhibition assay with murine L929 cells chalenged with EMC virus was < 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 10,000,000units/mg.

      What is the amino acid sequence of IFNG RAT Protein?
      he sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Met-Gln-Gly-Tyr-Leu.

      What applications can IFNG RAT Protein be used in?
      IFNG RAT Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

      What is the endotoxin level for IFNG RAT Protein?
      The endotoxin level is minimal, IFNG RAT Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.


    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Interferon Gamma Rat
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    Description:

    Artemin Human Recombinant

    ART, ARTN , EVN, NBN.

    Product # :

    CYT-306

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    Description

    Artemin Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a disulfide-linked homodimer, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 2 x 113 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 24.2 kDa. Artemin is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    Artemin was lyophilized after extensive dialysis against 10mM sodium citrate pH-4.5 and 25mM sodium chloride.

    Purity

    Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    The activity is determined by the dose-dependent proliferation of the SH-SY5Y cell line and is typically 4-8 ng/mL. The activity can also be determined by its ability to promote survival and neurite outgrowth.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the glial cell line-derived neurotophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands which are a group of ligands within the TGF-beta superfamily of signaling molecules. GDNFs are unique in having neurotrophic properties and have potential use for gene therapy in neurodegenrative disease. Artemin has been shown in culture to support the survival of a number of periferal neuron populations and at least one population of dopaminergic CNS neurons. Its role in the PNS and CNS is further substantiated by its expression pattern in the proximity of these neurons. This protein is a ligand for the RET receptor and uses GFR-alpha 3 as a coreceptor. Four alternatively spliced transcripts have been described, two of which encode the same protein.

    • Synonyms

      ART, ARTN , EVN, NBN.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized Artemin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Artemin Human Recombinant should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Artemin in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      AGGPGSRARA AGARGCRLRS QLVPVRALGL GHRSDELVRF RFCSGSCRRA RSPHDLSLAS LLGAGALRPP PGSRPVSQPC CRPTRYEAVS FMDVNSTWRT VDRLSATACG CLG.

    • Background

      Artemin Human Recombinant: Unraveling its Role in Neurobiology and Therapeutic Applications

      Abstract:

      Artemin, a member of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family, holds significant potential in neurobiology and therapeutic interventions. This research paper provides an overview of Artemin human recombinant, elucidating its molecular characteristics, signaling pathways, and therapeutic implications in neurological disorders. Understanding the multifaceted role of Artemin offers new avenues for targeted therapies. This article offers a concise analysis of Artemin, highlighting its impact on neurobiology and its therapeutic applications.

      Introduction:

      Neurological disorders represent a major challenge in healthcare, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Artemin, a member of the GDNF family, has emerged as a promising molecule in neurobiology. This paper provides an overview of Artemin, shedding light on its structure, function, and therapeutic potential.

      Artemin Signaling and Mechanisms:

      Artemin binds to its receptor, Ret tyrosine kinase, and activates downstream signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. These signaling cascades play crucial roles in neuronal survival, growth, and differentiation, highlighting the significance of Artemin in neurodevelopment and neuroprotection.

      Artemin in Neurological Disorders:

      Artemin has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including peripheral neuropathies and neurodegenerative diseases. Its neuroprotective properties and ability to enhance neuronal survival and regeneration make it a promising target for therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, Artemin may play a role in pain modulation and sensory neuron function.

      Therapeutic Potential of Artemin Human Recombinant:

      Artemin human recombinant offers promising prospects in the field of neurotherapeutics. Strategies aimed at modulating Artemin signaling or delivering exogenous Artemin hold potential for promoting neuronal survival, regeneration, and functional recovery. Artemin-based therapies could be developed for a range of neurological disorders, including peripheral neuropathies, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injuries.

      Challenges and Future Directions:

      While the therapeutic targeting of Artemin shows promise, several challenges lie ahead. Further research is needed to understand the precise mechanisms underlying Artemin's effects and its interactions with other signaling pathways. Additionally, the development of effective delivery methods and the identification of patient subgroups that may benefit from Artemin-based therapies are important considerations for clinical translation.

      Conclusion:

      Artemin human recombinant represents a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions in neurological disorders. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and functional implications of Artemin in neurobiology offers new opportunities for developing innovative treatments. Continued research in this field has the potential to improve the lives of individuals affected by neurological conditions and advance the field of neurotherapeutics.

      What is the molecular weight/Mw of ARTN Protein?
      ARTN Protein has a total Mw of 24.2kDa.

      What is the source or expression system of ARTN Protein?
      Escherichia Coli.

      What is the Purity of ARTN Protein?
      ARTN Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

      What is the Biological Activity of ARTN Protein?
      The activity is determined by the dose-dependent proliferation of the SH-SY5Y cell line and is typically 4-8 ng/mL. The activity can also be determined by its ability to promote survival and neurite outgrowth.

      What is the amino acid sequence of ARTN Protein?
      AGGPGSRARA AGARGCRLRS QLVPVRALGL GHRSDELVRF RFCSGSCRRA RSPHDLSLAS LLGAGALRPP PGSRPVSQPC CRPTRYEAVS FMDVNSTWRT VDRLSATACG CLG.

      What applications can ARTN Protein be used in?
      ARTN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

      What is the endotoxin level for ARTN Protein?
      The endotoxin level is minimal, ARTN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Artemin Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Leptin Ovine Recombinant

    OB Protein, Obesity Protein, OBS, Obesity factor.

    Product # :

    CYT-239

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    Description

    Leptin Ovine Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 146 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 16 kDa.The Leptin is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    The protein was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) solution with 0.0045mM NaHCO3.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by SEC-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    Biological active as evidenced by inducing proliferation of BAF/3 cells stably transfected with the long form of human leptin receptor.

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    • Introduction

      A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from white adipocytes and implicated in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Leptin provides the key afferent signal from fat cells in the feedback system that controls body fat stores.

    • Synonyms

      OB Protein, Obesity Protein, OBS, Obesity factor.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized Leptin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Leptin should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Leptin in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-Val-Pro-Ile-Arg.

    • Protein content

      Protein quantitation was carried out by two independent methods1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.2 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENE computer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics). 2. Analysis by RP-HPLC,using calibrated solution of Leptin Ovine as a Reference Standard.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Leptin Ovine
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Natriuretic Peptide A Human Recombinant

    Natriuretic peptides A, CDD-ANF, Cardiodilatin, CDD, Cardiodilatin-related peptide, CDP, N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide, ANP, PND. 

    Product # :

    CYT-1028

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    Description

    NPPA Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain (a.a 26-123) containing 106 amino acids including an 8 a.a N-terminal His tag. The total molecular mass is 11.7kDa (calculated).

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    NPPA filtered (0.4 µm) and lyophilized from 0.5mg/ml in 20 mM Tris buffer, 50 mM NaCl and 5% w/v trehalosa, pH 7.5.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Natriuretic Peptide A (NPPA) is a part of the natriuretic peptide family and is involved in cardiovascular homeostasis through regulation of natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation. NPPA is synthesized as a great precursor which releases a peptide from the N-terminus with similarity to vasoactive peptide, cardiodilatin, and another peptide from the C-terminus with natriuretic-diuretic activity. In female pregnancy, NPPA is promoting trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling in uterus.

    • Synonyms

      Natriuretic peptides A, CDD-ANF, Cardiodilatin, CDD, Cardiodilatin-related peptide, CDP, N-terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide, ANP, PND.

    • Physical Appearance

      Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Store lyophilized protein at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to add deionized water to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. NPPA is not sterile! Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it in the cell culture.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MKHHHHHHNP MYNAVSNADL MDFKNLLDHL EEKMPLEDEV VPPQVLSEPN EEAGAALSPL PEVPPWTGEV SPAQRDGGAL GRGPWDSSDR SALLKSKLRA LLTAPR.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Nppa Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Phosphofructokinase Muscle, Mouse Anti Human

    EC 2.7.1.11, GSD7, PFK-1, PFK1, PFKA, PFKX, Phosphofructokinase-M, Phosphofructokinase 1, Phosphohexokinase, Phosphofructo-1-kinase isozyme A, MGC8699, PFKM. 

    Product # :

    ANT-475

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    Formulation

    1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.01% Sodium Azide.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      PFKM is a regulatory glycolytic enzyme that converts fructose 6-phosphate and ATP into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (through PFK-1), fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (through PFK-2) and ADP. Three phosphofructokinase isozymes exist in humans: muscle, liver and platelet. Mutations in PFKM gene have been related with glycogen storage disease type VII, also identified as Tarui disease.

    • Synonyms

      EC 2.7.1.11, GSD7, PFK-1, PFK1, PFKA, PFKX, Phosphofructokinase-M, Phosphofructokinase 1, Phosphohexokinase, Phosphofructo-1-kinase isozyme A, MGC8699, PFKM.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

    • Immunogen

      Anti-human PFKM mAb, clone PAT2F11A, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human PFKM protein.

    • Ig Subclass

      Mouse IgG2a heavy chain and Kappa light chain.

    • Clone

      PAT2F11A.

    • Applications

      The antibody has been tested by ELISA and Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results. Recommended dilution range for Western blot analysis is 1:500 ~ 1:2000. Recommended starting dilution is 1:2000.

    • Type

      Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.

    • Storage Procedures

      For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.

    • Purification Method

      PFKM antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Pfkm Antibody
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Hyaluronic Acid Receptor 1, Mouse Anti Human

    Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1 precursor, LYVE-1, Cell surface retention sequence-binding protein 1, CRSBP-1, Hyaluronic acid receptor, Extracellular link domain-containing protein.

    Product # :

    ANT-322

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    Formulation

    1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, & 0.02% Sodium Azide and 10% Glycerol.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      LYVE-1 has been identified as a major receptor for HA (extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan) on the lymph vessel wall. The deduced amino acid sequence of LYVE-1 predicts a 322-residue type I integral membrane polypeptide 41% similar to the CD44 HA receptor with a 212-residue extracellular domain containing a single Link module the prototypic HA binding domain of the Link protein superfamily. Like CD44, the LYVE-1 molecule binds both soluble and immobilized HA. However, unlike CD44, the LYVE-1 molecule colocalizes with HA on the luminal face of the lymph vessel wall and is completely absent from blood vessels. Hence, LYVE-1 is the first lymph-specific HA receptor to be characterized and is a uniquely powerful marker for lymph vessels themselves.

    • Synonyms

      Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1 precursor, LYVE-1, Cell surface retention sequence-binding protein 1, CRSBP-1, Hyaluronic acid receptor, Extracellular link domain-containing protein.

    • Immunogen

      Anti-human LYVE1 mAb is derived from hybridization of mouse SP2/O myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant human LYVE1 amino acids 25-235 purified from E. coli.

    • Ig Subclass

      Mouse IgG2b heavy chain and κ light chain.

    • Clone

      P4G1AT.

    • Applications

      LYVE1 antibody has been tested by ELISA and Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results. Recommended dilution range for Western blot analysis is 1:500 ~ 1,000. Recommended starting dilution is 1:1,000.

    • Type

      Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.

    • Storage Procedures

      For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.

    • Purification Method

      LYVE1 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Lyve1 Antibody
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Neurofilament Heavy Chain Bovine

    Neurofilament light polypeptide, NF-L, NEFL, NF68, NFL, 68 kDa neurofilament protein.

    Product # :

    PRO-2787

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    Description

    NEFH Bovine having a calculated molecular mass of 200 kDa, pI-5.5.

    Source

    Bovine spinal cord.

    Formulation

    NEFH was lyophilized from a 1mg/ml solution containing 10mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.5, 6M urea, 1mM EDTA, 2mM DTT and 10mM methylammonium chloride.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Synonyms

      Neurofilament light polypeptide, NF-L, NEFL, NF68, NFL, 68 kDa neurofilament protein.

    • Physical Appearance

      Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Store the lyophilized NEFH between 2-8°C, do not freeze. Upon reconstitution NEFH should be stored at -20°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized NEFH in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Background

      Neurofilament heavy chain (NEFH) is a vital structural protein in neurons, predominantly found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Although extensive research has been conducted on NEFH in humans and rodents, the investigation of NEFH in bovine nervous tissues presents an emerging area with substantial potential for advancing our understanding of neuronal biology in larger mammals and its applications in veterinary medicine and neurobiology.

      Bovine nervous tissues, including the brain and spinal cord, are of particular interest due to their relevance in cattle health, neuroscience, and the food industry. This research aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of NEFH in bovine nervous tissues, elucidating its functions, structural significance, and potential applications.

      The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the role of NEFH in bovine nervous tissues, particularly in maintaining neuronal structural integrity and axonal function. In vitro and ex vivo experiments, utilizing bovine neuronal cell cultures and tissue specimens, will be conducted to investigate how NEFH contributes to neuronal morphology, axonal transport, and overall neuronal resilience. Understanding these mechanisms is fundamental for deciphering the complexities of neuronal biology in bovine species.

      The second objective is to assess the relevance of bovine NEFH in veterinary medicine. Studies involving bovine models will be conducted to evaluate the impact of NEFH mutations or variations on neuronal health, disease susceptibility, and neurodegenerative conditions. These investigations may provide valuable insights into potential applications in cattle health, the development of diagnostic tools for neurological disorders, and strategies for enhancing animal welfare.

      The third objective is to explore the potential applications of bovine NEFH in neurobiology and biotechnology. Research will investigate the use of bovine NEFH-expressing cells as models for studying neuronal-related diseases and for developing tissue engineering approaches in veterinary medicine and biotechnology.

      By delving into the functions and roles of NEFH in bovine nervous tissues, this research aims to expand our knowledge of neuronal biology, its implications for veterinary medicine, and its potential applications in neurobiology, cattle health, and biotechnology.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Nefh Bovine
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Desmin Chicken Gizzard

    Desmin, DES, CSM1, CSM2, CMD1I, FLJ12025, FLJ39719, FLJ41013, FLJ41793.

    Product # :

    PRO-2783

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    Description

    Desmin Chicken having a calculated molecular mass of 53 kDa, pI-5.4.

    Source

    Chicken gizzard.

    Formulation

    Desmin was lyophilized from a 1mg/ml solution containing 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.5, 6M urea, 1mM EDTA, 2mM DTT and 10mM methylammonium chloride.

    Purity

    Greater than 98.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Synonyms

      Desmin, DES, CSM1, CSM2, CMD1I, FLJ12025, FLJ39719, FLJ41013, FLJ41793.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Store the lyophilized Desmin between 2-8°C, do not freeze. Upon reconstitution Desmin should be stored at -20°C. Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Desmin in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Background

      Desmin, an intermediate filament protein, plays a fundamental role in maintaining the structural integrity and function of muscle cells. While extensive research has been conducted on desmin in mammals, the study of desmin in chickens is an emerging area with considerable potential for advancing our understanding of muscle biology. Chickens are valuable model organisms for studying muscle development, growth, and regeneration due to their relatively simple muscular system and economic significance in poultry production. This research aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of desmin in chickens, shedding light on its functions and implications for muscle structure and function.

      The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the role of desmin in chicken muscle structure and development. In vitro and in vivo experiments, utilizing chicken cell cultures and embryonic models, will be conducted to investigate how desmin contributes to the organization of muscle fibers, sarcomere assembly, and myofibrillogenesis. Understanding these mechanisms is fundamental for deciphering the complexities of muscle development in chickens.

      The second objective is to assess the clinical and economic relevance of desmin in poultry production. Studies involving broiler chickens will be conducted to evaluate the impact of desmin mutations or variations on muscle growth, meat quality, and disease susceptibility. These investigations may provide valuable insights into potential strategies for enhancing poultry production efficiency and meat quality.

      The third objective is to explore the potential applications of desmin in biotechnology and tissue engineering. Research will investigate the use of desmin-expressing chicken cells as models for studying muscle-related diseases and for developing tissue engineering approaches for muscle repair and regeneration.

      By delving into the functions and roles of desmin in chickens, this research aims to expand our knowledge of muscle biology, its implications for poultry production, and its potential applications in biotechnology and regenerative medicine.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Desmin Chicken
  • View Data Sheet

    Name :

    NEFM

    Description:

    Neurofilament Medium Polypeptide Bovine

    Neurofilament medium polypeptide, NF-M, Neurofilament triplet M protein, 160 kDa neurofilament protein, Neurofilament 3, NEFM, NEF3, NFM.

    Product # :

    PRO-523

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    Description

    Ultra Pure NeuroFilament Protein having a Molecular mass of 160 kDa produced from Bovine Spinal Cord.

    Source

    Bovine Spinal Cord.

    Formulation

    The protein was lyophilized from a 1mg/ml solution containing 10mM sodium phosphate, pH-7.5, 2mM DTT, 6M urea, 10mM methylammonium chloride and 1mM EDTA.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Neurofilaments are type IV intermediate filament heteropolymers that are composed of light, medium, and heavy chains. Neurofilaments comprise the axoskeleton and functionally maintain neuronal caliber and may also have a role in intracellular transport to axons and dendrites.
      NeuroFilament 160kDa is a medium neurofilament protein, which is commonly used as a biomarker of neuronal damage.

    • Synonyms

      Neurofilament medium polypeptide, NF-M, Neurofilament triplet M protein, 160 kDa neurofilament protein, Neurofilament 3, NEFM, NEF3, NFM.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Store the lyophilized NEFM between 2-8°C, do not freeze. Upon reconstitution NEFM should be stored below -18°C. Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized NEFM in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Nefm Bovine
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Cyclosporin-A

    Product # :

    PRO-408

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    Description

    Cyclosporin is a cyclic polypeptide immunosuppressant agent consisting of 11 amino acids and having a molecular weight of 1202.64. It is produced as a metabolite by the fungus species Beauveria nlyea. Chemically, cyclosporin is designated as [R-[R*,R*-(E)]]-cyclic(L-alanyl-D- alanyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-N-methyl-L-valyl-3-hydroxy-N, 4-dimethyl-L-2-amino-6-octenoyl-L-a-amino-butyryl- N-methylglycyl-N- methyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl). Molecular Formula: C62H111N11O12.

    Source

    Beauveria Nivea.

    Formulation

    The Cyclosporin-A was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) solution with no additives.

    Purity

    Greater than 99.0% as determined by RP-HPLC.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Cyclosporin A is a noncytotoxic, natural, 11 amino acid cyclic peptide used clinically as an immunosuppressant for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders and to prevent organ rejection after transplantation. Cyclosporin acts chiefly by inhibiting T lymphocyte function, which is vital for the propagation of inflammation. Cyclosporin A does not suppress the activity of other hematopoietic cells, does not cause bone marrow suppression and has a rapid onset of action as opposed to other immunosuppressive agents. Nevertheless, Cyclosporin A -induced nephrotoxicity remains an important clinical problem, and oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential responsible mechanism.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized Cyclosporin A although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Cyclosporin A should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Cyclosporin-A in anhydrous ethanol R at a concentration of 50mg/ml.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Cyclosporin A
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Osteoprotegerin Human Recombinant /Fc Chimera

    TNFRSF11B, OPG, OCIF, Osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor, TR1, MGC29565.

    Product # :

    CYT-266

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    Description

    Recombinant OPG produced in yeast contains 2x412 amino acid residues, including 180 residues from mature OPG (a.a 22-201) and 232 residues from the Fc protein of human IgG1, and has a calculated molecular mass of 109.6kDa.

    Source

    Pichia Pastoris.

    Formulation

    OPG was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in 20mM PB, pH 6.0, 150mM NaCl and 0.02 % Tween-80.

    Purity

    Greater than 90.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    The ED50 as determined by neutralizing the stimulation of U937 cells is less tha10ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 1.0 × 105 IU/mg in the presence of 10ng/ml soluble Human RANKL (sRANKL).

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Osteoprotegerin acts as decoy receptor for rankl and thereby neutralizes its function in osteoclastogenesis. OPG inhibits the activation of osteoclasts and promotes osteoclast apoptosis in vitro. Bone homeostasis seems to depend on the local rankl/opg ratio. Osteoprotegerin may also play a role in preventing arterial calcification. May act as decoy receptor for trail and protect against apoptosis. Trail binding blocks the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.

    • Synonyms

      TNFRSF11B, OPG, OCIF, Osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor, TR1, MGC29565.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized Osteoprotegerin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution OCIF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Osteoprotegerin in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      OPG 22-201 ETFPPKYLHY DEETSHQLLC DKCPPGTYLK QHCTAKWKTV CAPCPDHYYT DSWHTSDECL YCSPVCKELQ YVKQECNRTH NRVCECKEGR YLEIEFCLKH RSCPPGFGVV QAGTPERNTV CKRCPDGFFS NETSSKAPCR KHTNCSVFGL LLTQKGNATH DNICSGNSES TQKCGIDVTL
      Fc232EPKSSDKTHT CPPCPAPEFE GAPSVFLFPP KPKDTLMISR TPEVTCVVVD VSHEDPEVKF NWYVDGVEVH NAKTKPREEQ YNSTYRVVSV LTVLHQDWLN GKEYKCKVSN KALPTPIEKTISKAKGQPRE PQVYTLPPSR DELTKNQVSL TCLVKGFYPS DIAVEWESNG QPENNYKTTP PVLDSDGSFF LYSKLTVDKS RWQQGNVFSC SVMHEALHNH YTQKSLSLSP GK

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Osteoprotegerin Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Interleukin-2 Feline Recombinant

    Interleukin-2, IL-2, T-cell growth factor, TCGF, IL2.

    Product # :

    CYT-1018

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    Description

    IL2 Feline Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 157 amino acids (21-154 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 17.8kDa. IL2 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    E.coli.

    Formulation

    IL2 protein solution (0.25mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl(pH8.0), 0.15M NaCl and 30% glycerol.

    Purity

    Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    Measured in a cell proliferation assay using CTLL2 mouse cytotoxic T cells. The ED50 for this effect is less or equal to 0.3ng/ml.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      IL2 is a secreted cytokine that is important for the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes. The receptor of this cytokine is a heterotrimeric protein complex whose gamma chain is also shared by interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 7 (IL7). The expression of this gene in mature thymocytes is monoallelic, which represents an unusual regulatory mode for controlling the precise expression of a single gene. The targeted disruption of a similar gene in mice leads to ulcerative colitis-like disease, which suggests an essential role of this gene in the immune response to antigenic stimuli.

    • Synonyms

      Interleukin-2, IL-2, T-cell growth factor, TCGF, IL2.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSAPASSST KETQQQLEQL LLDLRLLLNG VNNPENPKLS RMLTFKFYVP KKATELTHLQ CLVEELKPLE EVLYLAQSKN FHLNHIKELM SNINVTVLKL KGSETRFTCN YDDETATIVE FLNKWITFCQ SIFSTLT.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Il2 Feline
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    Description:

    Cardiac Troponin-I Human Recombinant (1-210 a.a.)

    Troponin I cardiac muscle, Cardiac troponin I, TNNI3, TNNC1, CMH7, RCM1, cTnI, CMD2A, MGC116817.

    Product # :

    PRO-2591

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    Description

    TNNI3 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 233 amino acids (1-210 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 26.4 kDa.TNNI3 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    TNNI3 protein solution (0.25mg/ml) contains 30% glycerol, 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5), 0.1M NaCl, 0.1mMPMSF & 1mM DTT.

    Purity

    Greater than 90.0% as determined by both SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Troponin I (TnI), troponin T (TnT) and troponin C (TnC) form the troponin complex of the thin filaments of striated muscle. TnI acts as the inhibitory subunit by blocking actin-myosin interactions and thereby mediating striated muscle relaxation. The TnI subfamily contains 3 genes: TnI-skeletal-fast-twitch, TnI-skeletal-slow-twitch, and TnI-cardiac. The TNNI3 gene encodes the TnI-cardiac protein and isexpressed solely in cardiac muscle tissues. Mutations in the TNNI3 gene cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy type 7 (CMH7) and familial restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM).

    • Synonyms

      Troponin I cardiac muscle, Cardiac troponin I, TNNI3, TNNC1, CMH7, RCM1, cTnI, CMD2A, MGC116817.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless liquid formulation.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSMADGSSD AAREPRPAPA PIRRRSSNYR AYATEPHAKK KSKISASRKL QLKTLLLQIA KQELEREAEERRGEKGRALS TRCQPLELAG LGFAELQDLC RQLHARVDKV DEERYDIEAK VTKNITEIAD LTQKIFDLRG KFKRPTLRRV RISADAMMQALLGARAKESL DLRAHLKQVK KEDTEKENRE VGDWRKNIDA LSGMEGRKKK FES

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Cardiac Troponin I
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Creatine Kinase MB Isoenzyme Type-II Human Recombinant

    Creatine Kinase MB Isoenzyme Type-II, CKMBITII, CKMBI, CKMB.

    Product # :

    CKI-270

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    Description

    CKMBITII Human Recombinant produced in Pichia Pastoris reacts with polyclonal antibodies to MB Isoenzyme in ELISA.

    Source

    Pichia Pastoris.

    Formulation

    Each mg of protein contains 10mM Tris-HCl, pH-6.8, 0.5mM EDTA and 0.5mM DTT, 50% (v/v) glycerol.

    Biological Activity

    The enzyme activity measured by kinetic assay at 340nm was 650 IU/mg at 37 degrees.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      CK-MB Type II possesses the naturally occurring carboxy-terminal amino acid lysine.
      This occurs during a myocardial infarct (MI or heart attack) when CK-MB Type II is released from damaged heart muscle, and the C-terminal lysine is cleaved in the blood stream, thus creating CK-MB Type I. This difference can be exploited in diagnosis of an MI.

    • Synonyms

      Creatine Kinase MB Isoenzyme Type-II, CKMBITII, CKMBI, CKMB.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colourless liquid formulation.

    • Stability

      CKMBITII although stable at 15°C for 7 days, should be stored below -18°C. Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Ckmbitii Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Interleukin-6 Signal Transducer Human Recombinant

    Interleukin 6 signal transducer, oncostatin M receptor, IL6ST, CD130, CDw130, GP130, GP130-RAPS, IL6R-beta

    Product # :

    CYT-1156

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    Description

    IL6ST Human produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 605 amino acids (23-619 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 68.9kDa.IL6ST is fused to an 8 amino acid His tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

    Formulation

    The IL6ST solution (0.25mg/ml) contains 10% Glycerol and Phosphate-Buffered Saline (pH 7.4).

    Purity

    Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Interleukin-6 Signal Transducer or IL6ST is a receptor, part of the family of class 1 cytokine receptor. IL6ST binds to IL-6 through membrane-anchored or soluble IL-6R starts a connection between another complex of IL6ST and IL-6 , thus forming a homo-dimer and a signal transduction occurs.

    • Synonyms

      Interleukin 6 signal transducer, oncostatin M receptor, IL6ST, CD130, CDw130, GP130, GP130-RAPS, IL6R-beta

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      ELLDPCGYIS PESPVVQLHS NFTAVCVLKE KCMDYFHVNA NYIVWKTNHF TIPKEQYTII NRTASSVTFT DIASLNIQLT CNILTFGQLE QNVYGITIIS GLPPEKPKNL SCIVNEGKKM RCEWDRGRET HLETNFTLKS EWATHKFADC KAKRDTPTSC TVDYSTVYFV NIEVWVEAEN ALGKVTSDHI NFDPVYKVKP NPPHNLSVIN SEELSSILKL TWTNPSIKSV IILKYNIQYR TKDASTWSQI PPEDTASTRS SFTVQDLKPF TEYVFRIRCM KEDGKGYWSD WSEEASGITY EDRPSKAPSF WYKIDPSHTQ GYRTVQLVWK TLPPFEANGK ILDYEVTLTR WKSHLQNYTV NATKLTVNLT NDRYVATLTV RNLVGKSDAA VLTIPACDFQ ATHPVMDLKA FPKDNMLWVE WTTPRESVKK YILEWCVLSD KAPCITDWQQ EDGTVHRTYL RGNLAESKCY LITVTPVYAD GPGSPESIKA YLKQAPPSKG PTVRTKKVGK NEAVLEWDQL PVDVQNGFIR NYTIFYRTII GNETAVNVDS SHTEYTLSSL TSDTLYMVRM AAYTDEGGKD GPEFTFTTPK FAQGEIELEH HHHHH

    • Background

      Significance of Human Recombinant Interleukin-6 Signal Transducer: Insights and Implications

      Abstract:

      The Interleukin-6 (IL-6) signal transducer holds a pivotal role in the complex IL-6 signaling pathway, orchestrating crucial cellular responses. This paper delves into the significance of Human Recombinant IL-6 Signal Transducer in unraveling IL-6-mediated cellular communication and highlights its potential applications in research and therapeutic development. The review sheds light on the methodology of producing this transducer and its relevance in advancing our understanding of cytokine signaling.

      Introduction:

      IL-6, a pleiotropic cytokine, is known to exert its diverse effects through a complex signaling cascade, wherein the signal transducer plays a crucial role. The availability of Human Recombinant IL-6 Signal Transducer enables the investigation of its role in health and disease. This transducer is vital for transmitting IL-6 signals, influencing processes like immune response, inflammation, and cell differentiation.

      IL-6 Signal Transduction Pathway:

      The IL-6 signal transduction pathway involves binding of IL-6 to its receptor, leading to the recruitment of the signal transducer and subsequent activation of downstream signaling molecules such as JAK/STAT pathway. This orchestrated response modulates gene expression, thereby impacting cellular behavior.

      Methods of Production:

      Human Recombinant IL-6 Signal Transducer is produced by expressing the corresponding gene in a suitable expression system, often utilizing bacterial or mammalian cells. Proper post-translational modifications are necessary to ensure its biological activity and appropriate functioning within the signaling cascade.

      Applications in Research:

      Human Recombinant IL-6 Signal Transducer serves as a fundamental tool in elucidating IL-6-mediated signaling mechanisms. Its availability facilitates the exploration of how aberrant signaling contributes to diseases such as autoimmune disorders, inflammatory conditions, and certain cancers. The transducer's interaction with other signaling pathways is also of interest for comprehensive pathway analysis.

      Therapeutic Implications:

      Understanding the IL-6 signal transduction pathway has led to the development of targeted therapies for IL-6-related diseases. Modulation of this pathway presents potential opportunities for novel therapeutic interventions, thereby offering a new dimension in precision medicine.

      Challenges and Future Directions:

      While the availability of Human Recombinant IL-6 Signal Transducer has significantly advanced our knowledge, challenges remain in deciphering the intricate nuances of IL-6 signaling. Developing strategies to selectively intervene in this pathway without disturbing physiological homeostasis presents an ongoing challenge.

      Conclusion:

      The Human Recombinant IL-6 Signal Transducer serves as a cornerstone in unraveling the complexities of IL-6 signaling, shedding light on its roles in health and disease. Its applications span from fundamental research to therapeutic development, showcasing its potential to shape the future of precision medicine.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Il6St Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Bone Morphogenetic protein-4 Active Human Recombinant, CHO

    BMP4, ZYME, BMP2B, BMP2B1.

    Product # :

    CYT-1093

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    Description

    Bone Morphogenetic protein-4 Active Human Recombinant produced in CHO cells is a glycosylated homodimer chain containing 2x116 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 26.2kDa. BMP4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    CHO cells.

    Formulation

    The protein was lyophilized from a sterile (0.2µm) filtered solution containing 0.1% Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA).

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    The ED50, as calculated by Alkaline phosphatase activity induced in ATDC-5 cells is 15ng/ml corresponding to a specific activity which is 6.7 x 10^4 units/mg.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein family which is part of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily.

      The superfamily includes large families of growth and differentiation factors.

      Bone morphogenetic proteins were originally identified by an ability of demineralized bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site.

      This particular family member plays an important role in the onset of endochondral bone formation in humans, and a reduction in expression has been associated with a variety of bone diseases, including the heritable disorder Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva.

      Alternative splicing in the 5' untranslated region of this gene has been described and three variants are described, all encoding an identical protein.

    • Synonyms

      BMP4, ZYME, BMP2B, BMP2B1.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized BMP4 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution BMP4 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized BMP4 in sterile 10mM HCl at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      SPKHHSQRAR KKNKNCRRHS LYVDFSDVGW NDWIVAPPGY QAFYCHGDCP FPLADHLNST NHAI VQT LVN SVNSSIPKAC CVPTELSAIS MLYLDEYDKV VLKNYQEMVV EGCGCR.

    • Background

      What is the molecular weight/Mw of BMP4 Protein?
      BMP4 Protein has a total Mw of 26.4kDa.

      What is the source or expression system of BMP4 Protein?
      CHO cells.

      What is the Purity of BMP4 Protein?
      BMP4 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

      What is the Biological Activity of BMP4 Protein?
      The ED50, as calculated by Alkaline phosphatase activity induced in ATDC-5 cells is 15ng/ml corresponding to a specific activity which is 6.7 x 10^4 units/mg.

      What is the amino acid sequence of BMP4 Protein?
      SPKHHSQRAR KKNKNCRRHS LYVDFSDVGW NDWIVAPPGY QAFYCHGDCP FPLADHLNST NHAI VQT LVN SVNSSIPKAC CVPTELSAIS MLYLDEYDKV VLKNYQEMVV EGCGCR.

      What applications can BMP4 Protein be used in?
      BMP4 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

      What is the endotoxin level for BMP4 Protein?
      The endotoxin level is minimal, BMP4 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Bmp4 Protein
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Fibronectin Human Recombinant

    Product # :

    PRO-2621

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    Description

    Fibronectin Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 574 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 62.6kDa. The Fibronectin is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    Lyophilized from a 0.2μm filtered concentrated solution in 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, with 5 % Trehalose and 0.02 % Tween-20.

    Purity

    Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
    (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
    (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    Was measured by its ability to support cell attachment and spreading when used as a substratum for cell culture. The recommended concentration in this application for this effect is typically 1-5 μg/cm2. Fibronectin can also be added to the media to support cell spreading at a concentration of 0.5-50 μg/ml. Optimal concentrations will need to be determined for individual user applications.

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    • Introduction

      Fibronectin takes part in several cellular processes, including tissue repair, embryogenesis, blood clotting, and cell migration/adhesion.Plasma fibronectin level is elevated in severe coronary artery disease. Increased plasma fibronectin levels are related with venous thromboembolism (VTE) particularly in males, and extend the probable association between biomarkers and risk factors for arterial atherothrombosis and VTE. Fibronectin consists in 2 main forms: 1) as an insoluble glycoprotein dimer that serves as a linker in the etracellular matrix and 2) as a soluble disulphide linked dimer found in the plasma. The plasma form is produced by hepatocytes, and the ECM form is synthesized by fibroblasts, chondrocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, as well as certain epithelial cells. Fibronectin alos takes part as a general cell adhesion molecule by anchoring cells to collagen or proteoglycan substrates. Fibronectin organizes cellular interaction with the ECM by binding to different components of the extracellular matrix and to membrane-bound Fibronectin receptors on cell surfaces.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Lyophilized Fibronectin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Fibronectin should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Fibronectin in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Fibronectin Recombinant
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Anti Human Procalcitonin Paired Antibody Mouse

    Product # :

    ANT-784

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    Description

    Procalcitonin Paired monoclonal antibodies are used to develop rapid test for PCT rapid test. Please note that when ordering for example: 100µg paired antibody, you receive 50µg from each antibody (100µg in total).

    Formulation

    *PCT conjugation antibody in PBS, NaCl and 0.095% NaN3.

    * PCT coating antibody in PBS, NaCl and 0.095% NaN3.

    Purity

    Greater than 95%.

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    • Physical Appearance

      2 vials of sterile Filtered clear colorless solution.

    • Stability

      For periods up to 1 month PCT Paired Antibody should be stored at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.

    • Applications

      Lateral flow immunoassay.

    • Background

      Procalcitonin is a hormone mostly produced by the C cells of the thyroid and specific endocrine cells of the lung. Under normal expression conditions, procalcitonin is immediately cleaved into 3 specific fragments, an N terminal residue, katacalcin and calcitonin. Levels of unprocessed procalcitonin rise drastically after bacterial infection or shock.

    • Type

      Mouse antibody Monoclonal.

    • Purification Method

      Purified monoclonal IgG1 by protein A chromatography.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Procalcitonin Antibody