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Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 7 (CEACAM7) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, CEA family. CEACAM7 contains 1 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain and 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. CEACAM7 is intensely down-regulated in colonic adenocarcinomas.

Galectins are a family of animal lectins with an affinity for beta-galactosides. This family has at least 14 identified members. Galectins share similarities in the CRD (the carbohydrate recognition domain). Galectins are synthesized as cytosolic proteins. Though localized principally in the cytoplasm and lacking a classical signal peptide, galectins can also be stimulated to secretion by non-classical pathways or alternatively targeted to the nucleus. Galectins are involved in modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Galectin-8 is a tandem-repeat-type member of the galectin family, consisting of 2 CRDs attached by a linker peptide. Galectin-8 is greatly expressed in lung carcinomas, a number of forms of prostate carcinomas, in addition to other tumor cells. Galectin-8 attaches to a subset of cell surface integrins to modulate ECM-integrin interactions. Once immobilized, Galectin-8 promotes cell adhesion by ligation and clustering of cell surface integrin receptors. On the other hand, as a soluble ligand, Galectin-8 can inhibit cell adhesion.

Protease Serine 7, also known as PRSS7, is in charge of initiating the activation of pancreatic proteolytic proenzymes such as trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase A. PRSS7 catalyzes the conversion of trypsinogen to trypsin which in turn activates other proenzymes including chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidases, as well as proelastases.

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 (CXCL3) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as GRO3 oncogene (GRO3), GRO protein gamma (GROg) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2-beta (MIP2b). CXCL3 controls migration and adhesion of monocytes and mediates it effects on its target cell by interacting with a cell surface chemokine receptor called CXCR2. The gene for CXCL3 is located on chromosome 4 in a cluster of other CXC chemokines.

MRPL28 is found in a variety of normal tissues such as spleen, testis, thymus, liver, kidney, brain, adrenal, lung and retinal tissue. 39S ribosomal protein L28, mitochondrial (MRPL28), is a part of the ribosomal protein L28P family. Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins encoded by nuclear genes and helps in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. MRPL28 is an important therapeutic reagent for HLA-A24 (A24) patients since this antigen is distinguished by tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) 1290, which targets the A24 serotype.

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 or AKR1C4 is a part of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily that has more then 40 known proteins & enzymes. AKR1C4 catalyzes the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols with NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. AKR1C4 takes place in the bioreduction of chlordecone, a toxic organochlorine pesticide, to chlordecone alcohol in the liver tissue.

ANXA8 is part of the annexin family of evolutionarily conserved Ca2+ and phospholipid binding proteins. ANXA8 is an anticoagulant protein that functions as an indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex, which takes part in the blood coagulation cascade. Where co-expressed in the same tissues, ANXA8 is expressed at a 100-fold lower level than Annexin A5. Though, ANXA8 is preferentially expressed in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells which suggests its involvement in hematopoietic cell differentiation.

NADH Dehydrogenase1 Alpha Subcomplex 4 (NDUFA4) is a member of the complex I 9kDa subunit family. Mammalian complex I of mitochondrial respiratory chain is comprised of 45 different subunits. NDUFA4 protein has NADH dehydrogenase activity and oxidoreductase activity. NDUFA4 transfers electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the NDUFA4 enzyme is assumed to be ubiquinone.

Dual Specificity Phosphatase 22, also known as DUSP22, is a part of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family which holds 1 tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain. DUSP22 activates the Jnk signaling pathway and dephosphorylates and deactivates p38 and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK). DUSP22 interacts with MAPK1 and MAPK8.

Dynein light chain Tctex-type 1 (DYNLT1) is a member of the dynein light chain Tctex-type family. DYNLT1 is a dynein light chain involved in cargo binding. DYNLT1 acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex which are believed to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein is a key motor protein complex responsible for minus-end, microtubule-based motile processes. Each dynein complex consists of two heavy chains which have ATPase and motor activities, as well as a group of accessory polypeptides.

SPINT2 is a transmembrane protein acts as an inhibitor of HGF activator. SPINT2 inhibits plasmin, plasma and tissue kallikrein, and factor XIa. SPINT2 has two extracellular Kunitz domains that inhibit few serine proteases. SPINT2 is assumed tumor suppressor, mutations in SPINT2 leads to a congenital sodium diarrhea.

ErbB3, also called Her3 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 3), is a type I membrane glycoprotein that is a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase receptors. ErbB family members serve as receptors for the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of growth factors. Among ErbB family members, ErbB3 is unique in that it contains a defective kinase domain. ErbB3 is expressed in keratinocytes, melanocytes, skeletal muscle cells, embryonic myoblasts and Schwann cells. Monomeric ErbB3 serves as a low affinity receptor for the heregulins (HRG). ErbB3 can induce specific antibody production in vivo, hence to inhibit tumor cell growth. ErbB-3 can be used to treat early, medium and advanced or post-operative breast cancer with over-expression of ErbB2. According to its mechanism of action, ErbB3 is classified as a therapeutic for cancer.

Fibronectin Leucine Rich Transmembrane Protein 3, also known as FLRT3 is a member of the fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein (FLRT) family. FLRT3 contains one fibronectin type-III domain as well as 10 LRR (leucine-rich) repeats and is expressed in the kidney, brain, pancreas, skeletal muscle, lung, liver, placenta, and heart. In addition, the members of the FLRT family play a role in cell adhesion as well as receptor signaling. FLRT3 has been implicated in neurite outgrowth after nerve damage, as a positive regulator of FGF signalling and in homotypic cell adhesion. Furthermore, FLRT3 has an essential function in regulating cellular adhesion among the epithelial apical ridge and the underlying mesenchyme and also in the establishment of the dorso-ventral position of the ridge.

CCN1 is a part of the extremely conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a remarkable periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins which function as regulators of CDK kinases, shows the highest similarity with cyclin G. Different cyclins display diverse expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the chronological coordination of every mitotic event. The transcript of CCN1was found to be expressed continually during cell cycle progression.

Phosphatidylinositol-5-Phosphate 4-Kinase, Type II, Beta (PIP4K2B) belongs to the phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase family.PIP4K2B catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate on the 5th hydroxyl of the myo-inositol ring to form phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. PIP4K2B amino acid sequence does not show resemblance to another kinases although PIP4K2B presents kinase activity.PIP4K2B also interacts with p55 TNF receptor.

Pallidin is involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking. PLDN cooperates with Syntaxin 13 that facilitates intracellular membrane fusion. A Few alternatively spliced transcript variations of this gene have been discovered however the full-length nature of several of these variants has not been determined. PLDN takes part in the creation of lysosome-related organelles, for example melanosomes and platelet-dense granules. PLDN is known to cooperate with Dysbindin, BLOC1S1, STX12, CNO, MUTED, SNAPAP and BLOC1S2.

PRDX1 is part of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes, which reduce hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides. PRDX1 is an important protector of red blood cells against reactive oxygen species and in tumor prevention.
PRDX1 is antioxidant protective in cells, and contributes to the antiviral activity of CD8(+) T-cells. PRDX1 has a proliferative effect and is involved in cancer development or progression.
Peroxiredoxin-1 is plays a role in redox regulation of the cell. Peroxiredoxin decreases peroxides with reducing equivalents provided through the thioredoxin system but not from glutaredoxin. Peroxiredoxin is involved in eliminating peroxides generated during metabolism. Peroxiredoxin participates in the signaling cascades of growth factors and TNF-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of h(2)o(2).

Chromogranin A is a 439 amino acid protein which is encoded on chromosome 14 and is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, phenochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors.
Coexpression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 (CXCL3) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as GRO3 oncogene (GRO3), GRO protein gamma (GROg) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2-beta (MIP2b). CXCL3 controls migration and adhesion of monocytes and mediates it effects on its target cell by interacting with a cell surface chemokine receptor called CXCR2. The gene for CXCL3 is located on chromosome 4 in a cluster of other CXC chemokines.

MAEA is a 396aa widely expressed adhesion protein which has 5 alternatively spliced isoforms. MAEA holds one CTLH domain and one LisH domain. MAEA forms a complex with F-actin, which takes part in regulating actin distribution in erythroblasts and macrophages and is known to assist in cell division and nuclear architecture. MAEA is confined with condensed chromatin at prophase, nuclear spindle poles at metaphase and in the contractile ring throughout cytokinesis phase and telophase.

MAPRE3 is a microtubule related protein that cooperates with the colorectal adenomatous polyposis coli tumor suppressor protein and takes a curtail part in regulating microtubule dynamics, cell polarity, and chromosome stability. MAPRE3 protein is related to MAPRE1 and also associates with the microtubule cytoskeleton. MAPRE3 is expressed mainly in the central nervous system and specially associates with APCL, a homolog of the adenomatous polyposis coli tumor suppressor protein.

Mediator Complex Subunit 21 (MED21) belongs to the mediator complex subunit 21 family. MED21 interacts with the human RNA polymerase II holoenzyme and is participated in transcriptional regulation of RNA polymerase II transcribed genes. A pseudogene of MED21 can be found on chromosome 8. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

ACE-2 (Angiotensin converting enzyme 2) an enzyme bound to cell membranes in various organs such as intestines arteries , lungs, heart & kidney. ACE2 an entry receptor of SARS coronaviruses as well as SARS-CoV-2,.The coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein is a class I viral fusion antigen located on the external envelope of the virion that takes part in a critical part in viral infection by identifying host cell receptors and facilitating fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. 2 main domains in coronavirus S1 have been recognized, the N-terminal domain and C-terminal domain. One or the other and/or both S1 domains function as a receptor-binding domain. SARS-CoV + MERS-CoV equally use C-domain to attach their receptors.ACE2 is a type I transmembrane antigen with an extracellular N-terminal domain having the catalytic site and an intracellular C-terminal tail. ACE2 obtains a signal peptide, a transmembrane domain, and a single metalloproteinase active site containing an HEXXH zinc-binding domain. ACE-2 plays a role as a mono-carboxypeptidase which degrades Ang I to produce the nonapeptide Ang 1–9 and Ang II to create the heptapeptide Ang 1–7.