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b-synuclein (amino acids 1-134), an acidic neuronal protein of 134 amino acids, is extremely heat-resistant. b-synucelin also has a chaperone-like activity. Recently, b-synuclein has been suggested to inhibit a-synuclein aggregation. b and a-synuclein are abundantly expressed in the brain and putatively inhibit phospholipase D2 selectively. The encoded protein, which may play a role in neuronal plasticity, is abundant in neurofibrillary lesions of patients with Alzheimer disease.

HAAO is a monomeric cytosolic protein which is a member of intramolecular dioxygenases family containing nonheme ferrous iron. The HAAO protein catalyzes the synthesis of quinolinic acid (QUIN) from 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. QUIN is an excitotoxin whose toxicity is facilitated by its ability to activate glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Amplified cerebral levels of QUIN may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurologic and inflammatory disorders. HAAO is widely distributed in peripheral organs, such as liver and kidney, and is also present in low amounts in the central nervous system.

Trafficking Protein Particle Complex 2-Like (TRAPPC2L) takes part in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi. TRAPPC2L is a part of the TRAPP small subunits family and is expressed in various organs like testis, liver, bladder, lung, spleen and brain.

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1-like protein (GPD1L) converts sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to glycerone phosphate. GPD1L is found in the cytoplasm, associated with the plasma membrane, where it binds the sodium channel, voltage-gated, type V, alpha subunit (SCN5A). Mutations in the GPD1L gene are the cause of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) and Brugada syndrome type 2 (an autosomal dominant tachyarrhythmia).

Interleukin-22 (IL-22), also known as IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor (IL-TIF) was initially identified as a gene induced by IL-9 in mouse T cells and mast cells. Mouse IL-22 cDNA encodes a 179 amino acid residue protein with a putative 33 amino acids signal peptide that is cleaved to generate a 147 aa mature protein that shares approximately 79% and 22% aa sequence identity with human IL-22 and IL-10, respectively. IL-22 has been shown to activate STAT-1 and STAT-3 in several hepatoma cell lines and upregulate the production of acute phase proteins. IL-22 is produced by normal mouse T cells upon Con A activation. Mouse IL-22 expression is also induced in various organs upon lipopolysaccharide injection, suggesting that IL-22 may be involved in inflammatory responses. The functional IL-22 receptor complex consists of two receptor subunits, IL-22R (previously an orphan receptor named CRF2-9) and IL-10R? (previously known as CRF2-4), belonging to the class II cytokine receptor family.

H3N2 is a subtype of the influenza A virus. Its name derives from the forms of the two kinds of proteinson the surface of its coat, hemagglutinin(H) and neuraminidase(N). H3N2 exchanges genes for internal proteins with other influenza subtypes. H3N2 has tended to dominate in prevalence over H1N1, H1N2, and influenza B. H3N2 strain descended from H2N2by antigenic shift, in which genes from multiple subtypes re-assorted to form a new virus. Both the H2N2and H3N2 strains contained genesfrom avian influenzaviruses.

GAGE2D is a member of the GAGE family, which organized in clustered repeats. In addition, they have a high degree of predicted sequence identity, but differ by scattered single nucleotide substitution. Thefirst GAGE nomenclature was based on identified mRNA sequences; however the high identity of the GAGE membersmade it impossible to separate products of paralogous genes from polymorph products. Moreover GAGE2D is not expressed in normal tissues, except in testis; however it is expressed by a large proportion of tumors of various histological origins.

Ferric Uptake Regulator protein NCBI Accession No.: NP_415209 is a DNA-binding protein which controls iron-responsive genes. Ferric Uptake Regulator has a molecular mass of 17-kDa and plays a role in global transcriptional repressor that in the existence of iron regulates functions as diverse as iron acquisition, oxidative stress, and virulence. In Escherichia coli, members of the Ferric Uptake Regulator family regulate the expression of at least 100 genes that function in processes as diverse as the biosynthesis and transport of siderophores, the expression of virulence factors, the alleviation of oxidative and NO-induced stress, and the inhibition of ferritin production through the expression of RyhB.

Histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS) functions to catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNAs by their corresponding amino acids. HARS is a member of the class II family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. HARS is responsible for the synthesis of histidyl-transfer RNA, which is vital for the incorporation of histidine into proteins. HARS is a frequent target of autoantibodies in the human autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis.

CD2 which is also known as E-rosette receptor, T11 and lymphocytefunction antigen-2 (LFA-2) is expressed on T cells, thymocytes, and subset of natural killer cells. Human CD2 functions as the receptor for sheep erythrocytes, human CD58 (LFA-3), and CD15s (Sialyl Lewis X). p56lck, p59fyn, CD3eta and CD3epsilon are tyrosine-phosphorylated after CD2 stimulation. CD2 plays a role in T cell activation, T- or NK-cell-mediated cytolysis, apoptosis in activated peripheral T cells, and regulation of T cell anergy.

Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and the genus Flavivirus, it is transmitted by daytime-active Aedes mosquitoes, such as A. aegypti and A. albopictus. The Zika virus is related to the dengue, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile viruses. Much like the other flaviviruses, Zika virus is enveloped and icosahedral and has a nonsegmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome. Zika fever is an infection, which often causes no symptoms or only mild ones, like a mild form of dengue fever, and it is treated by rest. As of February 2016, there has been mounting evidence that Zika fever in pregnant women can cause abnormal brain development in their fetuses by mother-to-child transmission, which may result in miscarriage or microcephaly, however it is not yet known whether Zika virus causes microcephaly. Furthermore, a connection has been established with neurologic conditions in infected adults, including Guillain–Barre syndrome.

CD44 is a cell-surface glycoprotein that plays a role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. CD44 is a receptor for hyaluronic acid and also interacts with other ligands, such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases. CD44 participates in a wide variety of cellular functions such as lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, hematopoiesis, and tumor metastasis.

Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6, also known as DUSP6 belongs to the dual specificity protein phosphatase subfamily. DUSP6 is a Protein coding gene which inactivates MAP kinases. Various members of the family of dual specificity phosphatases show diverse tissue distribution, subcellular localization, and different modes of inducibility of their expression by extracellular stimuli.

Legumain, also known as LGMN, is a cysteine endopeptidase which demonstrates strict specificity for hydrolysis of asparaginyl bonds. Furthermore, LGMN can also cleave aspartyl bonds slowly, in particular under acidic conditions. LGMN plays an essential role in the endosomal/lysosomal degradation system as the Legumain deficiency causes the accumulation of pro cathepsins B, H & L, another group of lysosomal cysteine proteases. Furthermore, over expression of LGMN in tumors is important for invasion/metastasis.

BMP5 belongs to the bone morphogenetic protein family which is part of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. This superfamily is comprised of large families of growth and differentiation factors. Bone morphogenetic proteins were initially identified by their ability of demineralizing bone extract to induce endochondral osteogenesis in vivo in an extraskeletal site.
BMP5 is an essential signaling molecule within the trabecular meshwork and optic nerve head, and may play a potential role in glaucoma pathogenesis. It was shown that BMP-5 increases the levels of osteopontin, BMP-2, alkaline phosphatase and core binding factor alpha 1 mRNAs in human periodontal (HPL) ligament cells. The BMP5 protein is expressed in normal synovial tissue and reduced in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. BMP5 may have a role in certain cancers given that it is differentially regulated during the formation of different tumors.

Myosin regulatory light chain 5 (MYL5) is a hexameric ATPase cellular motor protein. Myosin is comprised of 2 heavy chains, 2 nonphosphorylatable alkali light chains, and 2 phosphorylatable regulatory light chains. MYL5 is a regulatory light chain and is expressed in the fetal muscle and in the adult retina, cerebellum, and basal ganglia. The reconstitution of myosin with MYL5 or alkali light chain increases filament velocity to intermediate rates, and the re-addition of both classes of light chains fully reinstates the original sliding pace.

PDZK1 is a PDZ domain-containing scaffolding protein which facilitates localization of cell surface proteins and has a key part in cholesterol metabolism by regulating the HDL receptor, scavenger receptor class B type 1. Single nucleotide polymorphism in this gene is linked to metabolic syndrome, and overexpression results in drug resistance of multiple myeloma.

SIRT6 is part of the sirtuin family of proteins (Class IV), homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. SIRT6 is characterized by a sirtuin core domain. Yeast sirtuin proteins are recognized by their ability to regulate epigenetic gene silencing and suppress recombination of rDNA. SIRT6, a chromatin-associated protein is involved in DNA repair. Human Sirtuins function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity.

Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (YARS2) is a mitochondrial protein which catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two-step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and afterward transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr). YARS2 gene mutations are linked with myopathy with lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anemia type 2 (MLASA2).

NTRK2 plays a role in the growth and the development of the central and the peripheral nervous systems using the regulation of neuron proliferation, migration, survival, differentiation, and synapse production. NTRK2 is a receptor for B-DNF and NT4. NTRK2 binds to neurotrophin-3 which regulates neuron survival through NTRK2. NTRK-2 activates numerous effectors such as SHC-1, SH2B-1, PLCG-1 and SH2B-2 that control overlapping signaling cascades.

Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) acts as a transcription factor and takes part in the initiation of neuronal differentiation. TCF4 recognizes an Ephrussi-box ('E-box') binding site ('CANNTG') - a motif primary identified in immunoglobulin enhancers. TCF4 is mainly expressed in pre-B-cells, even though it is present in other tissues as well.

PHPT1 is a member of the Janus protein familyand is 125 amino acid long. PHPT1 appears as a monomer in the cytoplasm and is an EDTA-insensitive phosphohistidine phosphatase. Overexpression of PHPT1 resolts in specific phosphohistidine phosphatase activity towards phosphopeptide I, with no activity detected towards phosphotyrosine, phosphothreonine and phosphoserine peptides.

LAYN, also known as Layilin, contains 1 c-type lectin domain. This protein is receptor for hyaluronate and Interacts with NF2, RDX and TLN1. The C-terminal domain interacts with the N-terminal domain of RDX.