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1000 results found for “Interleukin 8 (CXCL8)”
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Name :
TFF3 RatDescription:
Trefoil Factor-3 Rat Recombinant
Trefoil factor 3, Intestinal trefoil factor, rITF, Polypeptide P1.B, rP1.B, Tff3, Itf.
Product # :
CYT-781Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
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Description
The Trefoil Factor-3 Rat was constructed as a recombinant protein with a 9 a.a C-terminal fusion of Flag-Tag (1 aa N-terminal+8 aa C-terminal). The TFF3 Rat produced in E.coli, is 7.7kDa protein containing a total of 68 amino acid residues.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
TFF3 protein filtered (0.4µm) and lyophilized in 0.5mg/ml in 20mM TRIS and 50mM NaCl, pH 7.5.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Proteins of the TFF family are characterized by obtaining a minimum of 1 copy of the trefoil motif, a 40-amino acid domain that contains 3 conserved disulfides. Trefoil Factors are stable secretory proteins expressed in gastrointestinal mucosa which protect the mucosa from insults, stabilize the mucus layer and affect healing of the epithelium.TFF2 inhibits gastric acid motility & secretion. TFF2 stabilizes glycoproteins in the mucus gel through interactions with carbohydrate side chains. TFF3 induces ciliogenesis and promotes airway epithelial ciliated cell differentiation, relatively through an epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent pathway. TFF3 overexpression is crucial for progression in mouse and human hepatocellular carcinogenesis. TFF-3 is normally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and its expression associates with tumor grade.
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Synonyms
Trefoil factor 3, Intestinal trefoil factor, rITF, Polypeptide P1.B, rP1.B, Tff3, Itf.
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Physical Appearance
Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
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Stability
Store lyophilized protein at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.
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Solubility
It is recommended to add deionized water to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5 mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. Product is not sterile! Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it in the cell culture.
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Amino Acid Sequence
MQEFVGLSPS QCMVPANVRV DCGYPTVTSE QCNNRGCCFD SSIPNVPWCF KPLQETECT F DYKDDDDK.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Name :
TIGIT HumanDescription:
T-Cell Immunoreceptor With Ig And ITIM Domains Human Recombinant
VSIG9, VSTM3, WUCAM, V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 9, V-set and transmembrane domain-containing protein 3.
Product # :
PRO-2498Price :
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Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
TIGIT produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 359 amino acids (22-141a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 40.0kDa. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa).TIGIT is expressed with a 239 amino acid hlgG-His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Formulation
TIGIT protein solution (0.5mg/ml) contains phosphate buffered saline (pH7.4) and 10% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains or TIGIT, is an immune receptor located on part of T cells and Natural Killer Cells(NK). TIGIT is also known as Vstm3 and WUCAM. The receptor can bind with high affinity to dendritic cells(DCs), CD155(PVR) on macrophages, etc., and it can bind with lower affinity to CD112(PVRL2). TIGIT can inhibit the cytotoxicity of Natural Killer Cells through its ITIM domain via antibodies against the interaction with PVR and the activity is directed. It has been show on research that TIGIT-Fc fusion molecule can have interaction with PVR on dendritic cells and elevate its IL-10 secretion level or lower the secretion on IL-12 under the stimulation of LPS, moreover, it can inhibit the activation of T cell in vivo.
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Synonyms
VSIG9, VSTM3, WUCAM, V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 9, V-set and transmembrane domain-containing protein 3.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
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Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
MMTGTIETTG NISAEKGGSI ILQCHLSSTT AQVTQVNWEQ QDQLLAICNA DLGWHISPSF KDRVAPGPGL GLTLQSLTVN DTGEYFCIYH TYPDGTYTGR IFLEVLESSV AEHGARFQIP LEPKSCDKTH TCPPCPAPEL LGGPSVFLFP PKPKDTLMIS RTPEVTCVVV DVSHEDPEVK FNWYVDGVEV HNAKTKPREE QYNSTYRVVS VLTVLHQDWL NGKEYKCKVS NKALPAPIEK TISKAKGQPR EPQVYTLPPS RDELTKNQVS LTCLVKGFYP SDIAVEWESN GQPENNYKTT PPVLDSDGSF FLYSKLTVDK SRWQQGNVFS CSVMHEALHN HYTQKSLSLS PGKHHHHHH.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Name :
TNFA Mouse, Sf9Description:
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Mouse Recombinant, Sf9
Tnfa, Tnfsf2, Cachectin, TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2.
Product # :
CYT-912Price :
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Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
TNFA Mouse Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 162 amino acids (80-235 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 18kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-28kDa).TNFA is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Formulation
TNFA protein solution (1mg/ml) contains Phosphate buffered saline (pH7.4).
Purity
Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Tumor necrosis factor is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and is a member of a group of cytokines that all stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF is mainly secreted by macrophages.
TNF causes apoptotic cell death, cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, tumorigenesis and viral replication, TNF is also involved in lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF's primary role is in the regulation of immune cells.
Dysregulation and, in particular, overproduction of TNF have been implicated in a variety of human diseases- autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. -
Synonyms
Tnfa, Tnfsf2, Cachectin, TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
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Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
LRSSSQNSSD KPVAHVVANH QVEEQLEWLS QRANALLANG MDLKDNQLVV PADGLYLVYS QVLFKGQGCP DYVLLTHTVS RFAISYQEKV NLLSAVKSPC PKDTPEGAEL KPWYEPIYLG GVFQLEKGDQ LSAEVNLPKY LDFAESGQVY FGVIALHHHH HH
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Name :
TREM2 Human, HEKDescription:
Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 Human Recombinant, HEK
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, Triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 2, TREM-2, TREM2, Trem2a, Trem2b, Trem2c.
Product # :
PRO-2773Price :
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Description
TREM2 Human Recombinant is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain (19-174 a.a) containing a total of 162 amino acids, having a molecular mass of 18.2 kDa. TREM2 is fused to a 6 amino acid His-tag at C-terminus and is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
HEK293 Cells.
Formulation
The TREM2 solution (1mg/ml) contains 10% Glycerol and Phosphate-Buffered Saline (pH 7.4).
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
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Synonyms
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2, Triggering receptor expressed on monocytes 2, TREM-2, TREM2, Trem2a, Trem2b, Trem2c.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
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Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
HNTTVFQGVA GQSLQVSCPY DSMKHWGRRK AWCRQLGEKG PCQRVVSTHN LWLLSFLRRW NGSTAITDDT LGGTLTITLR NLQPHDAGLY QCQSLHGSEA DTLRKVLVEV LADPLDHRDA GDLWFPGESE SFEDAHVEHS ISRSLLEGEI PFPPTSHHHH HH.
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Background
TREM2 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein predominantly expressed on microglia, macrophages, and dendritic cells. In recent years, TREM2 has emerged as a key regulator of immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS). This research paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the function, signaling pathways, and pathological implications of TREM2 human recombinant. Additionally, it explores the potential therapeutic applications of targeting TREM2 in various neurological disorders. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the role of TREM2 in immune modulation and its potential as a therapeutic target.
The Functions of TREM-2: TREM-2 functions as a critical regulator of microglial and macrophage responses in the central nervous system. It is involved in various cellular processes, including phagocytosis, cytokine production, immune cell activation, and cell survival. Additionally, TREM-2 influences microglial polarization, leading to distinct phenotypes with either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties. Understanding the multifaceted functions of TREM-2 is essential for unraveling its contributions to immune homeostasis and disease pathogenesis.
Signaling Pathways and Mechanisms: TREM-2 exerts its effects through complex signaling pathways. Upon activation, TREM-2 interacts with adaptor proteins and triggers downstream signaling cascades involving kinases, phosphatases, and transcription factors. These signaling events modulate immune responses, including the production of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying TREM-2 signaling is vital for comprehending its role in immune regulation and exploring potential therapeutic interventions.
Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases: TREM-2 has emerged as a key player in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and frontotemporal dementia. Dysregulation of TREM-2 expression and function is associated with altered immune responses, impaired phagocytosis, and neuroinflammation, which contribute to disease progression. Investigating the involvement of TREM-2 in neurodegenerative disorders enhances our understanding of the underlying pathological mechanisms and offers potential therapeutic avenues for intervention.
Conclusion: The TREM-2 protein plays a critical role in immune modulation and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. This comprehensive investigation sheds light on the multifaceted functions, signaling pathways, and implications of TREM-2, particularly in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Further exploration of TREM-2's role may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies targeting this protein, with the potential to mitigate immune dysregulation and neuroinflammatory processes in various neurological conditions.
Note: Due to the nature of this response, a bibliography could not be provided. However, I encourage you to consult scientific literature and research articles on TREM-2 for a comprehensive list of references and sources.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Name :
LIF Human, GSTDescription:
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, GST tag Human Recombinant
D factor, MLPLI, HILDA, Emfilermin, Leukemia Inhibitory factor, Differentiation-stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor.
Product # :
CYT-001Price :
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Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
LIF produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 415 amino acids (23-202a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 47.2kDa.LIF is fused to a 236 amino acid His-GST tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
The LIF GST protein solution (1mg/1ml) is formulated in 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) 1mM DTT, 50mM NaCl and 20% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Leukemia inhibitory factor, is a pleiotropic cytokine which is expressed by numerous cells including activated T lymphocytes, monocytes, mast cells and neuronal cells. LIF takes part in the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, induction of neuronal cell differentiation, regulator of mesenchymal to epithelial conversion during kidney development, and is a key player in immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface.
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Synonyms
D factor, MLPLI, HILDA, Emfilermin, Leukemia Inhibitory factor, Differentiation-stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
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Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time.Please avoid freeze thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
MHHHHHHMSP ILGYWKIKGL VQPTRLLLEY LEEKYEEHLY ERDEGDKWRN KKFELGLEFP NLPYYIDGDV KLTQSMAIIR YIADKHNMLG GCPKERAEIS MLEGAVLDIR YGVSRIAYSK DFETLKVDFL SKLPEMLKMF EDRLCHKTYL NGDHVTHPDF MLYDALDVVL YMDPMCLDAF PKLVCFKKRI EAIPQIDKYL KSSKYIAWPL QGWQATFGGG DHPPKSDLVP RGSHMSPLPI TPVNATCAIR HPCHNNLMNQ IRSQLAQLNG SANALFILYY TAQGEPFPNN LDKLCGPNVT DFPPFHANGT EKAKLVELYR IVVYLGTSLG NITRDQKILN PSALSLHSKL NATADILRGL LSNVLCRLCS KYHVGHVDVT YGPDTSGKDV FQKKKLGCQL LGKYKQIIAV LAQAF
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Name :
Visfatin Human, HisDescription:
Visfatin Recombinant Human, His Tag
PBEF, Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase NAmPRTase, Nampt, MGC117256, DKFZP666B131, 1110035O14Rik.
Product # :
CYT-563Price :
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Description
Visfatin Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 511 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 57 kDa. The recombinant human Visfatin is fused to His tag at N-Terminus.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
Visfatin His tag protein contains 20mM Tris pH-8, 0.1mM DTT & 10% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Excess adiposity is the most important risk in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adipose tissue produces several proteins (adipocytokines) such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-?, and IL-6, that modulate insulin sensitivity and appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms by which fat tissue induces insulin resistance and the role of adipocytokines in the pathogenesis of T2DM have not been well established.
Visfatin, also known as pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF), is a cytokine that is highly expressed in visceral fat and was originally isolated as a secreted factor that synergizes with IL-7 and stem cell factors to promote the growth of B cell precursors. Visfatin homologs have been identified in carp, invertebrate mollusks, and bacteria, as well as in vertebrates, including humans and the mouse. It has been postulated to play a role in innate immunity.
Visfatin exerts insulin-mimetic effects that are dose-dependent and quantitatively similar to those of insulin in stimulating muscle and adipocyte glucose transport, and in inhibiting hepatocyte glucose production. Intravenous injection of recombinant visfatin in mice decreased plasma glucose in a dose-dependent fashion. In keeping with its insulin-mimetic effects, visfatin was as effective as insulin in reducing hyperglycemia in insulin-deficient diabetic mice. Visfatin was also found to be bound to and activate insulin receptor, causing receptor phosphorylation and the activation of downstream signaling molecules. However, visfatin and insulin did not compete for binding to the insulin receptor, indicating that the two proteins were recognized by different regions of the receptor. Thus, visfatin might play a role in glucose homeostasis and dysregulation in biosynthesis or signal transduction, and might contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes. -
Synonyms
PBEF, Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase NAmPRTase, Nampt, MGC117256, DKFZP666B131, 1110035O14Rik.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered solution at a concentration of 1mg/ml.
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Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. Please avoid freeze thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MNPAAEAEFN ILLATDSYKV THYKQYPPNT SKVYSYFECR EKKTENSKLR KVKYEETVFY GLQYILNKYL KGKVVTKEKI QEAKDVYKEH FQDDVFNEKG WNYILEKYDG HLPIEIKAVP EGFVIPRGNV LFTVENTDPE CYWLTNWIET ILVQSWYPIT VATNSREQKK ILAKYLLETS GNLDGLEYKL HDFGYRGVSS QETAGIGASA HLVNFKGTDT VAGLALIKKY YGTKDPVPGY SVPAAEHSTI TAWGKDHEKD AFEHIVTQFS SVPVSVVSDS YDIYNACEKI WGEDLRHLIV SRSTQAPLII RPDSGNPLDT VLKVLEILGK KFPVTENSKG YKLLPPYLRV IQGDGVDINT LQEIVEGMKQ KMWSIENIAF GSGGGLLQKL TRDLLNCSFK CSYVVTNGLG INVFKDPVAD PNKRSKKGRL SLHRTPAGNF VTLEEGKGDL EEYGQDLLHT VFKNGKVTKS YSFDEIRKNA QLNIELEAAH H.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Name :
IFN a 1b HumanDescription:
Interferon-Alpha 1b Human Recombinant
Product # :
CYT-283Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
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Description
Interferon-alpha 1b Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 167 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 19.5 kDa. The Interferon-alpha 1b gene was obtained from human leukocytes. The IFN-a 1b is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution (50ug/ml) in PBS, pH 7.4, containing 4% mannitol and 1% HSA.
Purity
Greater than 96.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.Biological Activity
The specific activity as determined in a viral resistance assay using bovine kidney MDBK cells was found to be 1 x 108 IU/ mg.Citations
More Info
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Introduction
IFN-alpha 1b is produced by macrophages, IFN-alpha 1b has antiviral activities and stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
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Stability
Lyophilized Interferon alpha 1b although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution IFN-alpha 1b should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
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Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized IFN alpha 1b in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
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Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Cys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Glu.
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Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of IFNA1 B Protein?
IFNA1 B Protein has a total Mw of 19.5kDa.
What is the source or expression system of IFNA1 B Protein?
Escherichia Coli.
What is the Purity of IFNA1 B Protein?
IFNA1 B Protein is >96% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of IFNA1 B Protein?
The specific activity as determined in a viral resistance assay using bovine kidney MDBK cells was found to be 1 x 108 IU/ mg.
What is the amino acid sequence of IFNA1 B Protein?
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Cys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Glu.
What applications can IFNA1 B Protein be used in?
IFNA1 B Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for IFNA1 B Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, IFNA1 B Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Name :
CD105 Human, HisDescription:
Endoglin Human Recombinant, His-Tag
CD105, ENG, END, ORW, HHT1, ORW1, FLJ41744, Endoglin.
Product # :
CYT-823Price :
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Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
Endoglin Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 594 amino acids (26-586) and having a molecular mass of 64.9 kDa. Endoglin is fused to a 36 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
The Endoglin solution (0.25mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 1mM DTT, 150mM NaCl and 10% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
sds-page
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Endoglin is a type I membrane glycoprotein located on cell surfaces and is part of the TGF beta receptor complex.The Endoglin protein consists of a homodimer of 180 kDA with disulfide links. Endoglin has been found on endothelial cells, activated macrophages, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, Endoglin has been found to be part of the TGF-beta1 receptor complex. Endoglin thus may be involved in the binding of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta3, activin-A, BMP-2, and BMP-7. Beside TGF-beta signaling endoglin may have other functions. It has been postulated that endoglin is involved in the cytoskeletal organization affecting cell morphology and migration. Endoglin has a role in the development of the cardiovascular system and in vascular remodeling. Endoglin expression is regulated during heart development . Experimental mice without the endoglin gene die due to cardiovascular abnormalities.
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Synonyms
CD105, ENG, END, ORW, HHT1, ORW1, FLJ41744, Endoglin.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
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Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
MRGSHHHHHH GMASMTGGQQ MGRDLYDDDD KDRWGSETVH CDLQPVGPER DEVTYTTSQV SKGCVAQAPN AILEVHVLFL EFPTGPSQLE LTLQASKQNG TWPREVLLVL SVNSSVFLHL QALGIPLHLA YNSSLVTFQE PPGVNTTELP SFPKTQILEW AAERGPITSA AELNDPQSIL LRLGQAQGSL SFCMLEASQD MGRTLEWRPR TPALVRGCHL EGVAGHKEAH ILRVLPGHSA GPRTVTVKVE LSCAPGDLDA VLILQGPPYV SWLIDANHNM QIWTTGEYSF KIFPEKNIRG FKLPDTPQGL LGEARMLNAS IVASFVELPL ASIVSLHASS CGGRLQTSPA PIQTTPPKDT CSPELLMSLI QTKCADDAMT LVLKKELVAH LKCTITGLTF WDPSCEAEDR GDKFVLRSAY SSCGMQVSAS MISNEAVVNI LSSSSPQRKK VHCLNMDSLS FQLGLYLSPH FLQASNTIEP GQQSFVQVRV SPSVSEFLLQ LDSCHLDLGP EGGTVELIQG RAAKGNCVSL LSPSPEGDPR FSFLLHFYTV PIPKTGTLSC TVALRPKTGS QDQEVHRTVF MRLNIISPDL SGCTSKG
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Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of CD105 Protein?
CD105 Protein has a total Mw of 64.9kDa.
What is the source or expression system of CD105 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.
What is the Purity of CD105 Protein?
CD105 Protein is >85% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of CD105 Protein?
The biological functionality of CD105 Protein will be determined in the future.
What is the amino acid sequence of CD105 Protein?
MRGSHHHHHH GMASMTGGQQ MGRDLYDDDD KDRWGSETVH CDLQPVGPER DEVTYTTSQV SKGCVAQAPN AILEVHVLFL EFPTGPSQLE LTLQASKQNG TWPREVLLVL SVNSSVFLHL QALGIPLHLA YNSSLVTFQE PPGVNTTELP SFPKTQILEW AAERGPITSA AELNDPQSIL LRLGQAQGSL SFCMLEASQD MGRTLEWRPR TPALVRGCHL EGVAGHKEAH ILRVLPGHSA GPRTVTVKVE LSCAPGDLDA VLILQGPPYV SWLIDANHNM QIWTTGEYSF KIFPEKNIRG FKLPDTPQGL LGEARMLNAS IVASFVELPL ASIVSLHASS CGGRLQTSPA PIQTTPPKDT CSPELLMSLI QTKCADDAMT LVLKKELVAH LKCTITGLTF WDPSCEAEDR GDKFVLRSAY SSCGMQVSAS MISNEAVVNI LSSSSPQRKK VHCLNMDSLS FQLGLYLSPH FLQASNTIEP GQQSFVQVRV SPSVSEFLLQ LDSCHLDLGP EGGTVELIQG RAAKGNCVSL LSPSPEGDPR FSFLLHFYTV PIPKTGTLSC TVALRPKTGS QDQEVHRTVF MRLNIISPDL SGCTSKG
What applications can CD105 Protein be used in?
CD105 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for CD105 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CD105 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
CD105 (27-581) MouseDescription:
Endoglin (27-581) Mouse Recombinant
Endoglin, Cell surface MJ7/18 antigen, CD105, Eng, Edg.
Product # :
CYT-972Price :
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Description
Endoglin Mouse Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 563 amino acids (27-581 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 60.9kDa (Migrates at 50-70kDa on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions).Endoglin is expressed with an 8 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Formulation
Endoglin protein solution (0.5mg/ml) containing Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Endoglin is a type I membrane glycoprotein located on cell surfaces and is part of the TGF beta receptor complex.
The Endoglin protein consists of a homodimer of 180 kDA with disulfide links. Endoglin has been found on endothelial cells, activated macrophages, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, Endoglin has been found to be part of the TGF-beta1 receptor complex. Endoglin thus may be involved in the binding of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta3, activin-A, BMP-2, and BMP-7. Beside TGF-beta signaling endoglin may have other functions. It has been postulated that endoglin is involved in the cytoskeletal organization affecting cell morphology and migration. Endoglin has a role in the development of the cardiovascular system and in vascular remodeling. Endoglin expression is regulated during heart development . Experimental mice without the endoglin gene die due to cardiovascular abnormalities. -
Synonyms
Endoglin, Cell surface MJ7/18 antigen, CD105, Eng, Edg.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
-
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
ERVGCDLQPV DPTRGEVTFT TSQVSEGCVA QAANAVREVH VLFLDFPGML SHLELTLQAS KQNGTETQEV FLVLVSNKNV FVKFQAPEIP LHLAYDSSLV IFQGQPRVNI TVLPSLTSRK QILDWAATKG AITSIAALDD PQSIVLQLGQ DPKAPFLCLP EAHKDMGATL EWQPRAQTPV QSCRLEGVSG HKEAYILRIL PGSEAGPRTV TVMMELSCTS GDAILILHGP PYVSWFIDIN HSMQILTTGE YSVKIFPGSK VKGVELPDTP QGLIAEARKL NASIVTSFVE LPLVSNVSLR ASSCGGVFQT TPAPVVTTPP KDTCSPVLLM SLIQPKCGNQ VMTLALNKKH VQTLQCTITG LTFWDSSCQA EDTDDHLVLS SAYSSCGMKV TAHVVSNEVI ISFPSGSPPL RKKVQCIDMD SLSFQLGLYL SPHFLQASNT IELGQQAFVQ VSVSPLTSEV TVQLDSCHLD LGPEGDMVEL IQSRTAKGSC VTLLSPSPEG DPRFSFLLRV YMVPTPTAGT LSCNLALRPS TLSQEVYKTV SMRLNIVSPD LSGKGLEHHH HHH
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Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of CD105 Protein?
CD105 Protein has a total Mw of 60.9kDa.
What is the source or expression system of CD105 Protein?
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
What is the Purity of CD105 Protein?
CD105 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of CD105 Protein?
The biological functionality of CD105 Protein will be determined in the future.
What is the amino acid sequence of CD105 Protein?
ERVGCDLQPV DPTRGEVTFT TSQVSEGCVA QAANAVREVH VLFLDFPGML SHLELTLQAS KQNGTETQEV FLVLVSNKNV FVKFQAPEIP LHLAYDSSLV IFQGQPRVNI TVLPSLTSRK QILDWAATKG AITSIAALDD PQSIVLQLGQ DPKAPFLCLP EAHKDMGATL EWQPRAQTPV QSCRLEGVSG HKEAYILRIL PGSEAGPRTV TVMMELSCTS GDAILILHGP PYVSWFIDIN HSMQILTTGE YSVKIFPGSK VKGVELPDTP QGLIAEARKL NASIVTSFVE LPLVSNVSLR ASSCGGVFQT TPAPVVTTPP KDTCSPVLLM SLIQPKCGNQ VMTLALNKKH VQTLQCTITG LTFWDSSCQA EDTDDHLVLS SAYSSCGMKV TAHVVSNEVI ISFPSGSPPL RKKVQCIDMD SLSFQLGLYL SPHFLQASNT IELGQQAFVQ VSVSPLTSEV TVQLDSCHLD LGPEGDMVEL IQSRTAKGSC VTLLSPSPEG DPRFSFLLRV YMVPTPTAGT LSCNLALRPS TLSQEVYKTV SMRLNIVSPD LSGKGLEHHH HHH
What applications can CD105 Protein be used in?
CD105 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for CD105 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CD105 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
FCER1A Human, HEKDescription:
Fc-Epsilon RI-Alpha Human Recombinant, HEK
FCERIA, FCERA, Fc epsilon receptor Ia, Fcepsilon RI-alpha, Fc epsilon RI alpha chain, FcERI, High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha isoform1, IgE Fc receptor subunit alpha, FCER1A, FCE1A.
Product # :
PRO-2779Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
FCER1A Human Recombinant produced in HEK293 Cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 186 amino acids (26-205aa) and having a molecular mass of 21.8kDa. FCER1A is fused to a 6 His-tag at C-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
HEK293.
Formulation
FCER1A protein solution (1mg/ml) containing 10% Glycerol and Phosphate-Buffered Saline (pH 7.4).
Purity
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Biological Activity
The ED50 range ≤ 0.01 ug/ml and is measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA with Human IgE.
Citations
More Info
-
Synonyms
FCERIA, FCERA, Fc epsilon receptor Ia, Fcepsilon RI-alpha, Fc epsilon RI alpha chain, FcERI, High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha isoform1, IgE Fc receptor subunit alpha, FCER1A, FCE1A.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
-
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
VPQKPKVSLN PPWNRIFKGE NVTLTCNGNN FFEVSSTKWF HNGSLSEETN SSLNIVNAKF EDSGEYKCQH QQVNESEPVY LEVFSDWLLL QASAEVVMEG QPLFLRCHGW RNWDVYKVIY YKDGEALKYW YENHNISITN ATVEDSGTYY CTGKVWQLDY ESEPLNITVI KAPREKYWLQ HHHHHH
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Background
The FCER1A gene encodes the alpha subunit of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, known as FCER1A. This receptor is primarily expressed on mast cells and basophils, and its activation plays a pivotal role in allergic and inflammatory responses. This research aims to explore the significance of FCER1A and its potential implications in allergic disorders and immune-mediated diseases. By investigating the functions and regulation of FCER1A, we can gain insights into its role in immune responses and identify potential therapeutic targets.
The FCER1A receptor is responsible for the binding of IgE antibodies, initiating a cascade of signaling events upon allergen exposure. Crosslinking of IgE-bound FCER1A leads to the release of various inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, cytokines, and leukotrienes, which contribute to the clinical manifestations of allergic reactions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying FCER1A activation and downstream signaling is crucial for comprehending allergic diseases.
In addition to its role in allergies, FCER1A has been implicated in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including asthma, atopic dermatitis, and autoimmune conditions. Dysregulation of FCER1A expression and signaling pathways can lead to exaggerated immune responses and chronic inflammation. Investigating the genetic and epigenetic factors influencing FCER1A expression and the interplay between FCER1A and other immune molecules can provide valuable insights into disease pathogenesis.
This research will delve into the molecular mechanisms governing FCER1A expression, activation, and downstream signaling pathways. The paper will explore the regulatory effects of FCER1A on mast cell and basophil activation, the release of inflammatory mediators, and the recruitment of other immune cells. Additionally, it will examine the impact of FCER1A dysregulation in allergic and immune-mediated diseases and discuss the potential of FCER1A as a therapeutic target for intervention.
The study will also investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of FCER1A in various allergic and immune disorders. Understanding the expression patterns and alterations of FCER1A in different diseases and patient populations may aid in disease stratification, treatment selection, and monitoring of treatment response.
By unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying FCER1A's functions in allergic and inflammatory responses, this research aims to contribute to our understanding of immune-mediated diseases. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of FCER1A as a target for therapeutic interventions and emphasizes the need for further investigations to develop novel treatments and improve patient outcomes.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
CMV MosaicDescription:
Cytomegalo Virus Mosaic Recombinant
Product # :
CMV-217Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
The E.Coli derived Recombinant Cytomegalo Virus Mosaic contains the multiple epitopes from P150-P52-P38-P65-P28 having a molecular weight of 40kDa.The CMV Mosaic is fused to a 6xHis tag and purified by proprietary chromatographic technique.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
CMV Mosaic protein solution contains Phosphate buffered saline, 2M urea and 100mM arginine.
Purity
CMV Mosaic is >85% pure as determined by 12% PAGE (coomassie staining).
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
CMV belongs to the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily of Herpesviridae which includes herpes simplex virustypes 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus, and Epstein-Barrvirus. The herpesviruses share a characteristic ability to remain latentover long periods. CMV is a double-stranded linear DNA virus with 162 hexagonal protein capsomeres surrounded by a lipid membrane. CMV has the largest genome of the herpes viruses, ranging from 230-240 kilobase pairs. Human CMV is composed of unique and inverted repeats that include the existence of 4 genome isomers caused by inversion of L-S genome components (class E). Replication may be divided into immediate early, delayed early, and late gene expression based on time of synthesis after infection. The DNA is replicated by rolling circles. In vitro, CMV replicates in human fibroblasts.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
-
Stability
CMV Mosaic protein although stable at 4°C for 1 week, should be stored below -18°C. Please prevent freeze thaw cycles.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
DEFB116 HumanDescription:
Beta Defensin 116 Human Recombinant
Beta-Defensin 16, DEFB-16, Beta 16, defensin, Beta-Defensin 116, Defensin, Beta 16, DEFB16.
Product # :
CYT-713Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
DEFB116 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 102 amino acids (24-102 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 11.5kDa.DEFB116 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
DEFB116 protein solution (0.5mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 10% glycerol and 0.4M Urea.
Purity
Greater than 80.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
sds-page
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
Beta Defensin 116, also known as DEFB116 is a member of the beta-defensin family.DEFB116 has antibacterial activity. The innate immune system includes antimicrobial peptides that protect multicellular organisms from a diverse spectrum of microorganisms. In addition, Beta-Defensins contain one important family of mammalian antimicrobial peptides.
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Synonyms
Beta-Defensin 16, DEFB-16, Beta 16, defensin, Beta-Defensin 116, Defensin, Beta 16, DEFB16.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
-
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
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Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSGLFRSHN GKSREPWNPC ELYQGMCRNA CREYEIQYLT CPNDQKCCLK LSVKITSSKN VKEDYDSNSN LSVTNSSSYS HI.
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Background
Title: Beta Defensin 116 Human Recombinant: An Insight into its Antimicrobial Properties and Therapeutic Applications
Abstract:
Beta defensin 116 (BD116) is a key member of the beta defensin family, known for its potent antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of human recombinant BD116, focusing on its production, characterization, and potential applications in antimicrobial therapy. The paper highlights the significance of BD116 in innate immunity and its role in combating microbial infections. Furthermore, it explores ongoing research and clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of recombinant BD116 in various infectious diseases. The information presented in this paper aims to enhance our understanding of human recombinant BD116 and its utility as a research tool and a potential antimicrobial agent.Introduction:
Beta defensin 116 (BD116) is a small cationic peptide that plays a crucial role in the innate immune response against microbial pathogens. Human recombinant BD116, produced through genetic engineering techniques, offers a valuable tool for studying its antimicrobial properties and exploring its therapeutic potential.Production and Characterization:
Recombinant BD116 is typically generated using expression systems such as bacteria or yeast. The protein is then purified and characterized to ensure its structural integrity and antimicrobial activity. Rigorous quality control measures are implemented to confirm the specificity and potency of the recombinant BD116.Antimicrobial Properties:
BD116 exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. It functions by disrupting the microbial cell membrane and interfering with essential cellular processes. Recombinant BD116 serves as a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms underlying its antimicrobial action and exploring its potential as an antimicrobial agent.Therapeutic Implications:
The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens poses a significant challenge in the treatment of infectious diseases. Recombinant BD116 holds promise as an alternative therapeutic option due to its potent antimicrobial properties. Ongoing research and clinical trials are investigating the therapeutic applications of recombinant BD116 in various infectious diseases, including bacterial skin infections and respiratory tract infections.Conclusion:
Human recombinant BD116 is a valuable research tool and a potential antimicrobial agent. Its production, characterization, and applications in antimicrobial therapy contribute to our understanding of innate immunity and the development of novel therapeutic interventions. Continued research and clinical trials exploring the therapeutic potential of recombinant BD116 offer promising prospects for combating multidrug-resistant pathogens and improving outcomes in infectious diseases.What is the molecular weight/Mw of DEFB116 Protein?
DEFB116 Protein has a total Mw of 11.5kDa.
What is the source or expression system of DEFB116 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.
What is the Purity of DEFB116 Protein?
DEFB116 Protein is >80% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of DEFB116 Protein?
The biological functionality of DEFB116 Protein will be determined in the future.
What is the amino acid sequence of DEFB116 Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSGLFRSHN GKSREPWNPC ELYQGMCRNA CREYEIQYLT CPNDQKCCLK LSVKITSSKN VKEDYDSNSN LSVTNSSSYS HI.
What applications can DEFB116 Protein be used in?
DEFB116 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for DEFB116 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, DEFB116 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
Visfatin AntibodyDescription:
Visfatin, Mouse Anti Human
PBEF, Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase NAmPRTase, Nampt, MGC117256, DKFZP666B131, 1110035O14Rik.
Product # :
ANT-368Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped with Ice Packs
More Info
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Formulation
1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% glycerol & 0.02% Sodium Azide.
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
Excess adiposity is the most important risk in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Adipose tissue produces several proteins (adipocytokines) such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-6, that modulate insulin sensitivity and appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms by which fat tissue induces insulin resistance and the role of adipocytokines in the pathogenesis of T2DM have not been well established. Visfatin, also known as pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF), is a cytokine that is highly expressed in visceral fat and was originally isolated as a secreted factor that synergizes with IL-7 and stem cell factors to promote the growth of B cell precursors. Visfatin homologs have been identified in carp, invertebrate mollusks, and bacteria, as well as in vertebrates, including humans and the mouse. It h
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Synonyms
PBEF, Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor, Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase NAmPRTase, Nampt, MGC117256, DKFZP666B131, 1110035O14Rik.
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Immunogen
Anti-human Visfatin mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse FO myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with Recombinant human Visfatin amino acids 1-491 purified from E. coli.
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Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG1heavy chain and κ light chain.
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Clone
P4D5AT.
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Applications
Visfatin antibody has been tested by ELISA and Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results.
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Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
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Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
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Purification Method
Visfatin antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
GM- CSF HumanDescription:
Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor Human Recombinant
CSF-2, MGI-1GM, GM-CSF, Pluripoietin-alpha, MGC131935, MGC138897.
Product # :
CYT-221Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
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Description
Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 127 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 14477 Dalton. GM-CSF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
GM-CSF was lyophilized after extensive dialysis against 2mM sodium phosphate buffer pH= 7.4±0.1.
Purity
Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
1. Analysis by RP-HPLC.
2. Analysis by SDS-PAGE.Biological Activity
The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells (human erythroleukemic indicator cell line) is < 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 11,100,000 IU/mg.Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) was first characterized as a growth factor that supports the in-vitro colony formation of granulocytes-macrophages progenitor cells. It is a pleiotropic cytokine and a member of a family of endogenous cytokines of the hematopoietic system. GM-CSF is produced as a response to immune or inflammatory stimuli by activated cells of the hematopoietic system such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells and also fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells. It plays an important role in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, survival and activation of hematopoietic cells such as granulocytes and monocytes ,neutrophiles, basophiles and eosonophoiles, erythroid cells, megakaryocytes and T cells.
Human and mouse GM-CSF have about 56% homology and are species specific. Human GM-CSF is not active on mouse cells and vice versa. It is active on canine and feline cells.
GMCSF is 144 amino acids, 22kDa glycoprotein. It is composed of four bundles alpha helices. Its receptor is heterodimers with a ligand-specific alpha subunit and a betac subunit that is shared with the interleukin IL-3 and IL-5 receptors. This unusual form of receptor assembly likely applies also to IL-3 and IL-5 receptors. Cross-linking the two receptor subunits is required for receptor activation and signaling .
GMCSF has been shown to be involved in maturation, mobilization and antigen presentation of myeloid dentritic cells (DCs) in-vivo or ex-vivo. This function promotes Th1 immune responses, cytotoxcity, anti-angiogenesis as well as allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity. Therefore GMCSF can be used in immunotherapy for the treatment of immune suppressed and immune-compromised patients as well as in veterinary medicine for the same purpose. GM-CSF is also important in regulation of embryo development and pregnancy and specifically in embryo implantation and subsequent development . -
Synonyms
CSF-2, MGI-1GM, GM-CSF, Pluripoietin-alpha, MGC131935, MGC138897.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
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Stability
Lyophilized Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution GMCSF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
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Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
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Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-Pro-Ala-Arg-Ser.
N-terminal methionine has been completely removed enzymatically. -
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of GM CSF HUMAN Protein?
GM CSF HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 14.47kDa.
What is the source or expression system of GM CSF HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.
What is the Purity of GM CSF HUMAN Protein?
GM CSF HUMAN Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of GM CSF HUMAN Protein?
The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells (human erythroleukemic indicator cell line) is < 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 11,100,000 IU/mg.
What is the amino acid sequence of GM CSF HUMAN Protein?
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-Pro-Ala-Arg-Ser.
N-terminal methionine has been completely removed enzymatically.
What applications can GM CSF HUMAN Protein be used in?
GM CSF HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for GM CSF HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, GM CSF HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
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Protein content
GM-CSF quantitation was carried out by two independent methods:1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.963 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GEN computer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics). 2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a standard solution of GM-CSF as a Reference Standard.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
CD86 AntibodyDescription:
CD86, Rat Anti-Mouse
B70, B7-2, LAB72, CD28LG2, FUN-1, BU63.
Product # :
ANT-283Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
More Info
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Formulation
1mg/ml in PBS (after reconstitution).
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
CD86 type I membrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily which is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, and acts as the ligand for two proteins at the cell surface of T cells, CD28 antigen and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. CD86 binding with CD28 protein is a co-stimulatory signal for initiation of the T-cell. CD86 binding with CTLA-4 negatively regulates T-cell activation and diminishes the immune response.
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Synonyms
B70, B7-2, LAB72, CD28LG2, FUN-1, BU63.
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Solubility
Reconstitute with of H20. Mix gently, wash the sides of the vial and wait 30-60 seconds before use.
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Immunogen
Purified mouse LPS-activated B cells.
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Ig Subclass
Rat IgG2a.
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Clone
mB7-2.
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Applications
Blocking and staining antibody. For staining, use 10µl/1,000,000 cells. Titer for blocking T cell activation should be determined by the investigator.
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Available Conjugates
This antibody is only available conjugated to Biotin and FITC.
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Type
Rat Anti Mouse Monoclonal.
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Storage Procedures
Lyophilized: store at 4°C. After reconstitution, if not intended for use within a month, aliquot and store at -20°C.
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Purification Method
Protein-A.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
CTF1 Human, HisDescription:
Cardiotrophin-1 Human Recombinant, His Tag
CTF1, CT1, CT-1, Cardiophin 1.
Product # :
CYT-436Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
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Description
The Cardiotrophin His-Tagged Fusion Protein Human, produced in E. coli, is 22.5 kDa protein containing 200 amino acid residues of the human Cardiotrophin and 12 additional amino acid residues – His Tag (underlined).
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
CTF1 was filtered (0.4µm) and lyophilized from 0.5 mg/ml in 0.05M Acetate buffer pH-4.
Purity
Purity of CTF1 Human Recombinant is greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1) is a 201 amino acid member of the interleukin-6 superfamily. It was identified by its ability to induce hypertrophic response in cardiac myocytes. CT-1 mRNA levels were found both in cardiac myocytes and in cardiac nonmyocytes. CT 1 was also detected in abundance in normal adult human lung and was expressed in both fetal and adult airway smooth muscle cells. CT 1 activates gp130 dependent signaling and stimulates the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway to transduce hypertrophic and cytoprotective signals in cardiac myocytes.
CT 1 has also a neurotrophic function. CTF1 deficiency causes increased motoneuron cell death in spinal cord and brainstem nuclei of mice during a period between embryonic day 14 and the first postnatal week. Moreover, CT-1 is a hepatocyte survival factor that efficiently reduces hepatocellular damage in animal models of acute liver injury. Cardiotrophin 1 expression is augmented after hypoxic stimulation and it can protect cardiac cells when added either prior to simulated ischaemia or at the time of reoxygenation following simulated ischaemia. Cardiotrophin 1 can induce expression of the protective heat shock proteins (hsps) in cardiac cells.
Cardiotrophin-1 increased ventricular expression of ANP, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and angiotensinogen mRNA.
Cardiophin 1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with heart failure, patients with dilatative cardiomyopathy, moderate/severe mitral regurgitation, stable and unstable angina and after acute myocardial infarction. -
Synonyms
CTF1, CT1, CT-1, Cardiophin 1.
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Stability
Store lyophilized protein at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.
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Solubility
It is recommended to add 0.1M Acetate buffer pH-4 to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. For conversion into higher pH value, we recommend intensive dilution by relevant buffer to a concentration of 10?g/ml. In higher concentrations the solubility of this antigen is limited. Protein is not sterile! Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it in the cell culture.
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Amino Acid Sequence
MRGSHHHHHH GSSRREGSLE DPQTDSSVSL LPHLEAKIRQ THSLAHLLTK YAEQLLQEYV QLQGDPFGLPSFSPPRLPVA GLSAPAPSHA GLPVHERLRL DAAALAALPP LLDAVCRRQA ELNPRAPRLL RRLEDAARQA RALGAAVEAL LAALGAANRG PRAEPPAATA SAASATGVFP AKVLGLRVCG LYREWLSRTE GDLGQLLPGG SA.
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Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of CTF1 Protein?
CTF1 Protein has a total Mw of 22.5kDa.
What is the source or expression system of CTF1 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.
What is the Purity of CTF1 Protein?
CTF1 Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of CTF1 Protein?
The biological functionality of CTF1 Protein will be determined in the future.
What is the amino acid sequence of CTF1 Protein?
MRGSHHHHHH GSSRREGSLE DPQTDSSVSL LPHLEAKIRQ THSLAHLLTK YAEQLLQEYV QLQGDPFGLPSFSPPRLPVA GLSAPAPSHA GLPVHERLRL DAAALAALPP LLDAVCRRQA ELNPRAPRLL RRLEDAARQA RALGAAVEAL LAALGAANRG PRAEPPAATA SAASATGVFP AKVLGLRVCG LYREWLSRTE GDLGQLLPGG SA.
What applications can CTF1 Protein be used in?
CTF1 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for CTF1 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CTF1 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
CD86 Antibody, FITCDescription:
CD86, Rat Anti-Mouse, FITC
B70, B7-2, LAB72, CD28LG2, FUN-1, BU63.
Product # :
ANT-285Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
More Info
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- More Info
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Formulation
1mg/ml in PBS (after reconstitution).
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
CD86 type I membrane protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily which is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, and acts as the ligand for two proteins at the cell surface of T cells, CD28 antigen and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. CD86 binding with CD28 protein is a co-stimulatory signal for initiation of the T-cell. CD86 binding with CTLA-4 negatively regulates T-cell activation and diminishes the immune response.
-
Synonyms
B70, B7-2, LAB72, CD28LG2, FUN-1, BU63.
-
Solubility
Reconstitute with of H20. Mix gently, wash the sides of the vial and wait 30-60 seconds before use.
-
Immunogen
Purified mouse LPS-activated B cells.
-
Ig Subclass
Rat IgG2a.
-
Clone
mB7-2.
-
Applications
Blocking and staining antibody. For staining, use 10µl/1,000,000 cells. Titer for blocking T cell activation should be determined by the investigator.
-
Available Conjugates
This antibody is only available non-conjugated and conjugated to Biotin.
-
Type
Rat Anti Mouse Monoclonal.
-
Storage Procedures
Lyophilized: store at 4°C. After reconstitution, if not intended for use within a month, aliquot and store at -20°C.
-
Purification Method
Protein-A.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
AIF1L HumanDescription:
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 Like Human Recombinant
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-like, IBA2, FLJ12783, Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 2, C9orf58, chromosome 9 open reading frame 58, MGC29466.
Product # :
CYT-007Price :
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Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
AIF1L produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 170 amino acids (1-150a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 19.2kDa.AIF1L is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
The AIF1L protein solution (1mg/1ml) is formulated in 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 1mM DTT, 0.1mM NaCl and 20% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
sds-page
Citations
More Info
-
Synonyms
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-like, IBA2, FLJ12783, Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 2, C9orf58, chromosome 9 open reading frame 58, MGC29466.
-
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
-
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
-
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MSGELSNRFQ GGKAFGLLKA RQERRLAEIN REFLCDQKYS DEENLPEKLT AFKEKYMEFD LNNEGEIDLM SLKRMMEKLG VPKTHLEMKK MISEVTGGVS DTISYRDFVN MMLGKRSAVL KLVMMFEGKA NESSPKPVGP PPERDIASLP.
-
Background
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-Like Human Recombinant: Investigating its Role in Immune Responses and Potential Therapeutic Applications
1. Abstract
This paper seeks to provide an in-depth overview of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-Like Human Recombinant (AIF-1L), a significant protein involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. By delving into the structure, biological functions, and pathological implications of AIF-1L, we attempt to shed light on its potential as a therapeutic target in immune-mediated disorders.
2. Introduction
AIF-1L belongs to the allograft inflammatory factor protein family and is implicated in immune responses. With its intricate interaction with a multitude of immune cells and involvement in various inflammatory and immune-related diseases, it serves as a pivotal point of interest for therapeutic intervention research.
3. Structure and Signaling of AIF-1L
AIF-1L shares a conserved EF-hand calcium-binding motif with its counterpart AIF-1, suggesting similar calcium-dependent activities. While its signaling pathway remains largely elusive, the protein is believed to modulate macrophage activation, an integral part of immune response regulation.
4. Biological Functions of AIF-1L
AIF-1L is fundamentally involved in immune response modulation, especially in the context of macrophage activation. It plays key roles in managing inflammation, cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation.
5. AIF-1L in Disease Pathology
AIF-1L is linked with a range of inflammatory and immune-related disorders, including but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and certain cancers. This association underscores its profound physiological relevance and potential as a therapeutic target.
6. Therapeutic Potential of AIF-1L
Given its central role in immune responses, AIF-1L presents a promising target for therapeutic strategies. Manipulating AIF-1L activity could pave the way for novel treatments of various inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases.
7. Conclusion and Future Perspectives
Though our comprehension of AIF-1L has made significant strides, there is still much terrain left to explore. Future research directed at the precise molecular mechanisms and pathological roles of AIF-1L will undoubtedly contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of AIF1L Protein?
AIF1L Protein has a total Mw of 19.2kDa.
What is the source or expression system of AIF1L Protein?
Escherichia Coli.
What is the Purity of AIF1L Protein?
AIF1L Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of AIF1L Protein?
The biological functionality of AIF1L Protein will be determined in the future.
What is the amino acid sequence of AIF1L Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MSGELSNRFQ GGKAFGLLKA RQERRLAEIN REFLCDQKYS DEENLPEKLT AFKEKYMEFD LNNEGEIDLM SLKRMMEKLG VPKTHLEMKK MISEVTGGVS DTISYRDFVN MMLGKRSAVL KLVMMFEGKA NESSPKPVGP PPERDIASLP.
What applications can AIF1L Protein be used in?
AIF1L Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for AIF1L Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, AIF1L Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
TACI Human, HisDescription:
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 13B Human Recombinant, His Tag
CD267, CVID, CVID2, TACI, TNFRSF14B, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 13B, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 13B, isoform CRA_a, TNFRSF13B.
Product # :
CYT-032Price :
Quantity :
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Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
TACI Human Recombinant fused with a 23 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 188 amino acids (1- 165a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 20.9kDa. The TACI is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
E.coli.
Formulation
The TACI solution (1mg/1ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 10% glycerol and 0.4M Urea.
Purity
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
TNFRSF13B (TACI) is a transmembrane receptor protein found predominantly on the surface of B cells (a significant part of the immune system). TACI was at first discovered owing to its ability to interact with calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand (CAML). Later on, it was found that TACI plays a key role in humoral immunity by interacting with two members of the TNF family. Also, TACI controls T cell-independent B cell antibody responses, isotype switching, and B cell homeostasis.
-
Synonyms
CD267, CVID, CVID2, TACI, TNFRSF14B, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 13B, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 13B, isoform CRA_a, TNFRSF13B.
-
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
-
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
-
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSMSGLGRS RRGGRSRVDQ EERFPQGLWT GVAMRSCPEE QYWDPLLGTC MSCKTICNHQ SQRTCAAFCR SLSCRKEQGK FYDHLLRDCI SCASICGQHP KQCAYFCENK LRSPVNLPPE LRRQRSGEVE NNSDNSGRYQ GLEHRGSEAS PALPGLKLSA DQVALVYS.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
TNFRSF14 Human, HisDescription:
HVEM Human Recombinant, His Tag
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 14, HVEM, TR2, Herpes Virus Entry Mediator A, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Like 2, Herpesvirus Entry Mediator, HVEA, ATAR, CD270, LIGHTR, CD40-Like Protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Like Gene2.
Product # :
CYT-800Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
TNFRSF14 Human Recombinant produced in E. Coli is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 187 amino acids (39-202) and having a molecular mass of 19.7kDa.TNFRSF14 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
E.coli.
Formulation
The TNFRSF14 solution (0.5mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 0.1M NaCl and 10% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
TNFRSF14, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is a type I transmembrane protein. TNFRSF14 is expressed in peripheral blood T cells, B cells, monocytes and in various tissues enriched in lymphoid cells. TNFRSF14 operates as a co-stimulatory factor for the activation of lymphoid cells and as a deterrent to infection by herpesvirus. Additionally, TNFRSF14 encourages the proliferation of T cells, and triggers apoptosis of various tumor cells.
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Synonyms
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 14, HVEM, TR2, Herpes Virus Entry Mediator A, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Like 2, Herpesvirus Entry Mediator, HVEA, ATAR, CD270, LIGHTR, CD40-Like Protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Like Gene2.
-
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
-
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
-
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSLPSCKED EYPVGSECCP KCSPGYRVKE ACGELTGTVC EPCPPGTYIA HLNGLSKCLQ CQMCDPAMGL RASRNCSRTE NAVCGCSPGH FCIVQDGDHC AACRAYATSS PGQRVQKGGT ESQDTLCQNC PPGTFSPNGT LEECQHQTKC SWLVTKAGAG TSSSHWV.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
MFGE8 MouseDescription:
Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8 Protein Mouse Recombinant
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein, isoform CRA_a, Putative uncharacterized protein, Mfge8, mCG_6301.
Product # :
CYT-1000Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped with Ice Packs
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Description
MFGE8 Mouse Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 413 amino acids (23-426a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 46kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa).MFGE8 is expressed with a 6 amino acid His-tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Formulation
MFGE8 protein solution (0.25mg/ml) contains Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.
Purity
Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein (Mfge8) is pleiotropic secreted glycoprotein which promotes mammary gland morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. Mfge8 has also an imperative role in tissue homeostasis and the prevention of inflammation. Mfge8 functions as a bridge between phosphatidylserine on apoptotic cells and Integrin alpha V beta 3 on phagocytes, leading to the clearance of apoptotic debris.
-
Synonyms
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein, isoform CRA_a, Putative uncharacterized protein, Mfge8, mCG_6301.
-
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
-
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
-
Amino Acid Sequence
ADLASGDFCD SSLCLNGGTC LTGQDNDIYC LCPEGFTGLV CNETERGPCS PNPCYNDAKC LVTLDTQRGD IFTEYICQCP VGYSGIHCET GCSTQLGMEG GAIADSQISA SSVYMGFMGL QRWGPELARL YRTGIVNAWT ASNYDSKPWI QVNLLRKMRV SGVMTQGASR AGRAEYLKTF KVAYSLDGRK FEFIQDESGG DKEFLGNLDN NSLKVNMFNP TLEAQYIKLY PVSCHRGCTL RFELLGCELH GCSEPLGLKN NTIPDSQMSA SSSYKTWNLR AFGWYPHLGR LDNQGKINAW TAQSNSAKEW LQVDLGTQRQ VTGIITQGAR DFGHIQYVAS YKVAHSDDGV QWTVYEEQGS SKVFQGNLDN NSHKKNIFEK PFMARYVRVL PVSWHNRITL RLELLGCHHH HHH.
-
Background
An Insight into Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8 Protein (Mouse Recombinant): Characteristics, Applications, and Future Directions
Abstract
The Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8 (MFG-E8) protein, particularly in its mouse recombinant form, has emerged as a pivotal player in multiple physiological processes. This paper aims to elucidate its unique characteristics, delve into current methodologies employed in its study, and chart the trajectory for future research directions.
Introduction
Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein known for its vital role in several cellular processes, including cell signaling, apoptosis, and phagocytosis. The recombinant form of MFG-E8 derived from mouse models offers a valuable tool for researchers in deciphering its biological relevance.
Characteristics of MFG-E8 (Mouse Recombinant)
1. Structural Profile: The MFG-E8 protein harbors EGF-like domains, which enable its participation in numerous cellular signaling events.
2. Expression Spectrum: While originally identified in mammary epithelial cells, its expression spectrum extends to macrophages, dendritic cells, and other tissues.
3. Biochemical Activity: It plays a key role in facilitating the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells by bridging these cells to phagocytes.
Methodologies Employed in MFG-E8 Research
1. Production of Recombinant MFG-E8: Using bacterial expression systems, such as E. coli, mouse MFG-E8 DNA is introduced, followed by protein purification techniques like gel filtration chromatography.
2. Assays: The phagocytosis assays employing fluorescently tagged apoptotic cells and phagocytes enable researchers to quantify MFG-E8's effectiveness in apoptotic cell clearance.
3. Immunoblotting: Through SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, the expression and purification of MFG-E8 can be monitored and validated.
4. Knockout Models: MFG-E8 knockout mice models help decipher its in vivo significance, especially concerning its immune-regulatory roles.
Original Ideas & Implications
The potential for MFG-E8, particularly in its mouse recombinant form, to serve as a therapeutic agent in autoimmune disorders remains a tantalizing prospect. Considering its role in apoptotic cell clearance, dysregulation in MFG-E8 might be implicated in the etiology of autoimmune disorders. Thus, targeting this protein therapeutically may pave the way for innovative treatments.
Conclusions & Future Directions
While the recombinant MFG-E8 protein has elucidated much about the biological implications of this protein, the horizon is rife with potential. Future research might focus on its therapeutic potential, particularly in autoimmunity and inflammation.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
SOST Human, HEKDescription:
Sclerostin Human Recombinant, HEK
Sclerostin, SOST, CDD, VBCH.
Product # :
PRO-2481Price :
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Shipped at Room temp
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Description
SOST Human Recombinant produced in HEK293 cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (a.a 24-213) containing 196 amino acids including a 6 a.a C-terminal His tag. The total molecular mass is 22.4kDa (calculated).
Source
HEK293 Cells.
Formulation
SOST filtered (0.4 µm) and lyophilized from 0.5mg/ml in PBS and 5 % (w/v) trehalose, pH 7.4.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
Sclerostin (SOST) is a secreted glycoprotein with a C-terminal cysteine knot-like (CTCK) domain and sequence similarity to the DAN (differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma) family of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonists. Sclerostin functions as a negative regulator of bone growth, by inhibiting bone formation. SOST is widely expressed at low levels, with highest levels in the bone, cartilage, kidney, liver, bone marrow and primary osteoblasts differentiated for 21 days. SOST gene defects cause sclerosteosis and bone dysplasia.
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Synonyms
Sclerostin, SOST, CDD, VBCH.
-
Physical Appearance
Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
-
Stability
Store lyophilized protein at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after one week at 4°C.
-
Solubility
It is recommended to add deionized water to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. SOST is not sterile! Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it in the cell culture.
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Amino Acid Sequence
QGWQAFKNDA TEIIPELGEY PEPPPELENN KTMNRAENGG RPPHHPFETK DVSEYSCREL HFTRYVTDGP CRSAKPVTEL VCSGQCGPAR LLPNAIGRGK WWRPSGPDFR CIPDRYRAQR VQLLCPGGEA PRARKVRLVA SCKCKRLTRF HNQSELKDFG TEAARPQKGR KPRPRARSAK ANQAELENAY HHHHHH.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
LIF HumanDescription:
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Human Recombinant
CDF, HILDA, D-FACTOR, Differentiation- stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor, MLPLI, Emfilermin, Leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF, DIA.
Product # :
CYT-644Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
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Description
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 180 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 19.7kDa. The Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) sterile solution containing 1xPBS pH 7.4.
Purity
Greater than 98.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.Biological Activity
The ED50 was determined by the M1 cell differentiation assay is < 0.01 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 100,000,000IU/mg.Citations
More Info
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Introduction
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor also called LIF is a lymphoid factor that promotes long-term maintenance of embryonic stem cells by suppressing spontaneous differentiation. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor has several functions such as cholinergic neuron differentiation, control of stem cell pluripotency, bone & fat metabolism, mitogenesis of factor dependent cell lines & promotion of megakaryocyte production in vivo. Human and mouse LIF exhibit a 78% identity in its amino acid sequence.
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Synonyms
CDF, HILDA, D-FACTOR, Differentiation- stimulating factor, Melanoma-derived LPL inhibitor, MLPLI, Emfilermin, Leukemia inhibitory factor, LIF, DIA.
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Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
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Stability
Lyophilized Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
-
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) in sterile water not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
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Amino Acid Sequence
SPLPITPVNA TCAIRHPCHN NLMNQIRSQL AQLNGSANAL FILYYTAQGE PFPNNLDKLC GPNVTDFPPF HANGTEKAKL VELYRIVVYL GTSLGNITRD QKILNPSALS LHSKLNATAD ILRGLLSNVL CRLCSKYHVG HVDVTYGPDT SGKDVFQKKK LGCQLLGKYK QIIAVLAQAF.
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Background
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Background
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is a cytokine within the interleukin-6 family. It is influential in the hypothalamus and involved in energy balance.
LIF stimulates ACTH secretion and affects the stress and immune response in the body. Administration of LIF has been shown to correct low plasma ACTH and repair hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses.
Function and Applications of LIF
LIF prevents the proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells by inducing their terminal differentiation. Beyond cancer, LIF influences bone metabolism, embryogenesis, and inflammation.
Moreover, it supports the self-renewal of stem cells in culture by activating Stat3, thus preventing spontaneous differentiation, and is studied for potential benefits in fertility treatments.
Structure and Interactions
LIF's structure consists of a four alpha-helix bundle similar to other hematopoietic cytokines. It interacts with components such as the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) through multimeric receptors, influencing both cytokine's effects on cells. This interaction is crucial for forming high-affinity binding sites that mediate their biological activities.
ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
- View Data Sheet
Name :
IFN a 2b HumanDescription:
IFN-Alpha 2b Human Recombinant
IFN alpha 2b, IFNA, INFA2, MGC125764, MGC125765.
Product # :
CYT-205Price :
Quantity :
Shipping Method :
Shipped at Room temp
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Description
IFN-a 2b Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 166 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 19400 Dalton. The difference between IFNA2A and IFNA2B is in the amino acid present at position 23. IFN-alpha 2a has a lysine at that position 23 while IFN-alpha 2b has arginine. The IFN-alpha 2b gene was obtained from human leukocytes. The IFN-a 2b is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a (1 mg/ml) solution in containing 2.3 mg Sodium phosphate dibasic and 0.55 mg sodium phosphate monobasic buffer.
Purity
Greater than 98.0% as determined by(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.Biological Activity
The specific activity as determined in a viral resistance assay using bovine kidney MDBK cells was found to be 260,000,000 IU/ mg.Citations
More Info
-
Introduction
IFN-alpha is produced by macrophages and has antiviral activities. IFN stimulates the production of two enzymes: protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase.
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Synonyms
IFN alpha 2b, IFNA, INFA2, MGC125764, MGC125765.
-
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
-
Stability
Lyophilized IFN although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution IFN alpha 2b should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
-
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized IFN-alpha 2b in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
-
Amino Acid Sequence
MCDLPQTHSL GSRRTLMLLA QMRRISLFSC LKDRHDFGFP QEEFGNQFQK AETIPVLHEM IQQIFNLFST KDSSAAWDET LLDKFYTELY QQLNDLEACV IQGVGVTETP LMKEDSILAV RKYFQRITLY LKEKKYSPCA WEVVRAEIMR SFSLSTNLQE SLRSKE
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Background
IFN-alpha forms are produced by monocytes/macrophages, lymphoblastoid cells, fibroblasts, and a number of different cell types following induction by viruses, nucleic acids, glucocorticoid hormones, and low-molecular weight substances (n-butyrate, 5-bromodeoxy uridine). At least 23 different variants of IFN-alpha are known. The individual proteins have molecular masses between 19-26 kDa and consist of proteins with lengths of 156-166 and 172 amino acids. All IFN-alpha subtypes possess a common conserved sequence region between amino acid positions 115-151 while the amino-terminal ends are variable. Many IFN-alpha subtypes differ in their sequences at only one or two positions. Naturally occurring variants also include proteins truncated by 10 amino acids at the carboxy-terminal end. Disulfide bonds are formed between cysteines at positions 1/98 and 29/138. The disulfide bond 29/138 is essential for biological activity while the 1/98 bond can be reduces without affecting biological activity. All IFN-alpha forms contain a potential glycosylation site but most subtypes are not glycosylated. In contrast to IFN-gamma IFN-alpha proteins are stable at pH2.
There are at least 23 different IFN-alpha genes. They have a length of 1-2 kb and are clustered on human chromosome 9p22. It is not known whether all these genes are expressed following stimulation of the cells. In some cell systems expression of some subtypes (IFN-alpha-1, IFN-alpha-2, IFN-alpha-4) is stronger than those of others. IFN-alpha genes do not contain intron sequences found in many other eukaryotic genes (see also: gene expression). Based upon the structures two types of IFN-alpha genes, designated class 1 and II, are distinguished. They encode proteins of 156-166 and172 amino acids, respectively. Deletions covering 9p22 are observed frequently in cells of lymphoblastoid leukemias. It is not known to date whether this is of significance with respect to IFN expression.
The gene encoding the IFN-alpha receptor maps to human chromosome 21q22.1. IFN-alpha and IFN-beta are thought to bind to the same IFN binding subunit which is expressed in 100-5000 copies in IFN-alpha sensitive and -resistant cells and is associated with other as yet unidentified proteins. The IFN-omega (Omega IFN) also binds to the IFN-alpha/IFN-beta receptor. Another receptor expressed on B-lymphocytes is identical with CD21. This receptor also binds Epstein-Barr virus through its gp350/220 coat protein.Signal transduction mechanisms elicited after binding of IFN-alpha to its receptors involves tyrosine phosphorylation (see also: PTK; protein tyrosine kinase) of various non-receptor tyrosine kinases belonging to the Janus kinases. Soluble forms of the IFN-alpha receptor, corresponding to truncated forms of the extracellular domain of the cell surface IFN-alpha receptor, have been found in human serum and in normal human urine.
All known subtypes of IFN-alpha show the same antiviral antiparasitic, antiproliferative activities in suitable bioassays although they may differ in relative activities. Human IFN-alpha is also a potent antiviral substance in murine, porcine, and bovine cell systems. Human IFN-alpha is less active in rodent cells. Site-directed mutagenesis techniques have been used to create some variants of certain subtypes (IFN-alpha-2) that display approximately 100-fold enhanced antiviral activities in mouse cells.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein?
IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 19.4kDa.
What is the source or expression system of IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.
What is the Purity of IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein?
IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.
What is the Biological Activity of IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein?
The specific activity as determined in a viral resistance assay using bovine kidney MDBK cells was found to be 260,000,000 IU/ mg.
What is the amino acid sequence of IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein?
MCDLPQTHSL GSRRTLMLLA QMRRISLFSC LKDRHDFGFP QEEFGNQFQK AETIPVLHEM IQQIFNLFST KDSSAAWDET LLDKFYTELY QQLNDLEACV IQGVGVTETP LMKEDSILAV RKYFQRITLY LKEKKYSPCA WEVVRAEIMR SFSLSTNLQE SLRSKE
What applications can IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein be used in?
IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.
What is the endotoxin level for IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, IFN A 2B HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.
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Protein content
Protein quantitation was carried out by two independent methods1. UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.924 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENE computer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics). 2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a calibrated solution of IFN alpha 2b as a Reference Standard.
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