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PIH1 Domain Containing 2, also known as PIH1D2 is a member of the PIH1 family.PIH1D2 was present in the common ancestor of chordates. There are 45 Species with no ortholog for PIH1D2. In addition, no disorders were found for PIH1D2 Gene.

Zinc Ribbon Domain Containing 1 (ZNRD1) is a protein which shows similarity to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rpa12p subunit of RNA polymerase I. ZNRD1 contains two potential zinc-binding motifs and takes part in regulation of cell proliferation. ZNRD1 is involved in cancer and human immunodeficiency virus progression. Alternate splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding the same protein. Additional splice variants have been found, but their full-length sequences have not been determined.

KCTD15 protein is encoded in humans by the KCTD15 gene. KCTD15 is expressed at a high level in the brain and the hypothalamus. The potassium channel KCTD15 was identified as a genetic loci linked to higher than normal BMI in humans along with genes such as GNPDA2, MTCH2, FTO, and TMEM18. SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) in non-diabetic and diabetic patients showed that FTO was most strongly associated with obesity while MTCH2 and GNPDA2 were still notably associated with higher than normal BMI levels.

C3 is central to the activation of all 3 pathways of complement activation. Initiation of each pathway generates proteolytic enzyme complexes which binds the target surface. These enzymes cleave a peptide bond in C3 releasing the anaphylatoxin C3a and activating C3b. Most of the C3 activated during complement activation never attaches to the surface due to its thioester reaction with water forming fluid phase C3b which is rapidly inactivated by factors H and I forming iC3b. Surface-bound C3b is necessary in all 3 pathways for efficient activation of C5 and formation of C5b-9 complexes that lyse the target cell membrane.

NudC Domain Containing 2 also known as NUDCD2 contains 1 CS domain and interacts with LIS1. NUDCD2 regulates the LIS1/dynein pathway by stabilizing LIS1 with Hsp90 chaperone.

WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 (WFDC2) is a protease inhibitor, which belongs to the WFDC domain family. WFDC2 is effective with a broad range of proteases, e.g. aspartic, serine or thiol proteases. WFDC2 is expressed in several normal tissues, including the male reproductive system, regions of the respiratory tract and nasopharynx. WFDC2 may be involved in sperm maturation. WFDC2 is also highly expressed in a number of tumors cells lines, such ovarian, colon, breast, lung and renal cells lines.

SPRY domain-containing SOCS box protein 1 (SPSB1) belongs to the SOCS box protein subfamily. SPSB1 includes a central SPRY domain and a C-terminal SOCS box. Even though, some of the SOCS protein subfamilies function as adaptors for a large family of ubiquitin-protein isopeptide ligases to regulate certain signaling pathways, the function of the SSB subfamily remains to be determined. SPSB1 may have an imperative role in enhancing the HGF-induced Erk-Elk-1-SRE pathway. SPSB1 overexpression exhibited no effect on the basal level or epidermal growth factor-induced SRE-luciferase activity.

Haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase domain-containing protein 3 (HDHD3) is a member of the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. This family of hydrolase enzymes includes L-2-haloacid dehalogenase, epoxide hydrolases and phosphatases.

Protein-L-Isoaspartate O-Methyltransferase 1, also known as PCMTD1, is a part of the methyltransferase superfamily and is situated in the cytoplasm.

Caused by one of four closely related virus serotypes of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, each serotype is sufficiently different that there is no cross-protection and epidemics caused by multiple serotypes (hyperendemicity) can occur. In cell culture experiments and mice Morpholino antisense oligos have shown specific activity against Dengue virus.

TXNDC17 is a disulfide reductase that takes part in several redox reactions using the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. TXNDC17 has peroxidase activity and assists to eliminate cellular hydrogen peroxide.

CISD1 protein holds a CDGSH iron-sulfur domain and is known to bind a redox-active [2Fe-2S] cluster. CISD1 is restricted to the outer membrane of mitochondria and takes part in oxidation regulation.

Motile Sperm Domain Containing 1, also known as MOSPD1 is a protein coding gene which owns one MSP domain.

CUB Domain Containing Protein 1, also known as CDCP1 is a transmembrane protein which contains three extracellular CUB domains. CDCP1 is implicated in cell adhesion and cell matrix association. In addition, CDCP1 takes part in the regulation of anchorage versus migration or proliferation versus differentiation through its phosphorylation. CDCP1 is also a novel marker for leukemia diagnosis as well as for immature hematopoietic stem cell subsets. Furthermore, the extracellular region of human CDCP1 shares amino acid identity sequence with the mouse CDCP1.

Truncated BH3 interacting domain death agonist is a truncated form of the pro-apoptotic full-length BID. Truncated BH3 interacting domain death agonist is generated by Caspase-8 cleavage of BID. The truncated form of the protein translocates from the cytosol to mitochondria and transduces apoptotic signals.
BID is a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein having only the BH3 domain. In reaction to apoptotic signaling, BID interacts with another Bcl-2 family of cell death regulators, called Bax, they form a heterodimer resulting to the insertion of Bax into the outer mitochondrial membrane. Bax induces the opening of the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel which lead to the release of cytochrome c and other pro-apoptotic factors from the mitochondria resulting in activation of caspases. BID is a mediator of mitochondrial damage induced by caspase-8 (CASP8). CASP8 cleaves BID, and the COOH-terminal part translocates to mitochondria where it triggers cytochrome c release. The major proteolytic product p15 BID releasea cytochrome c. Isoform 1, Isoform 2 and Isoform 4 induce ice-like proteases and apoptosis while Isoform 3 does not induce apoptosis.

ROBLD3 is a member of the GAMAD family. ROBLD3 is an adapter protein which enhances the efficiency of the MAP kinase cascade and facilitates the activation of MAPK2. ROBLD3 compels the recruitment of MP1 to late endosomes where they form a very stable heterodimeric complex required for ERK activation on endosomes. In humans, a mutation in the ROBLD3 gene has been associated with a primary immunodeficiency syndrome, and suggests a role for the ROBLD3 protein in endosomal biogenesis.

CPPED1 which is a part of the metallophosphoesterase superfamily takes part in glucose uptake by adipocytes. CPPED1 binds two divalent metal cations and is transactivated by the great envelope protein of the hepatitis B virus.

DnaJ (Hsp40) Homolog, Subfamily C, Member 27 (DNAJC27) which contains one J domain is a part of the small GTPase superfamily. DNAJC27 is a GTPase which activates the MEK/ERK pathway and induces cell transformation when overexpressed.

Dysbindin domain-containing protein 2 (DBNDD2) is a member of the dysbindin family. DBNDD2 regulates the activity of casein kinase-1 and inhibits CSNK1D autophosphorylation (in vitro). DBNDD2 also interacts with CSNK1D and CSNK1E. DBNDD2 is detected in brain.

WDR5, also designated BMP-2-induced gene 3 kb or BIG-3, belongs to the family of WD-40 repeat proteins, and is essential for vertebrate development, Hox gene activation and global H3K4 trimethylation. This protein is expressed in osteoblasts, chondrocytes, osteocytes and marrow stromal cells. WDR5 may play a role in its function of accelerating osteoblast differentiation.

HDHD2 is a member of the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily which includes L-2-haloacid dehalogenase, epoxide hydrolases and phosphatases. There are two active sites in HDHD2 - an L-2-haloacid dehalogenase and a carboxylate group. The L-2-haloacid dehalogenase active site catalyzes the hydrolytic dehalogenation of D- and L-2-haloalkanoic acids, producing L- and D-2-hydroxyalkanoic acids.

T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains or TIGIT, is an immune receptor located on part of T cells and Natural Killer Cells(NK). TIGIT is also known as Vstm3 and WUCAM. The receptor can bind with high affinity to dendritic cells(DCs), CD155(PVR) on macrophages, etc., and it can bind with lower affinity to CD112(PVRL2). TIGIT can inhibit the cytotoxicity of Natural Killer Cells through its ITIM domain via antibodies against the interaction with PVR and the activity is directed. It has been show on research that TIGIT-Fc fusion molecule can have interaction with PVR on dendritic cells and elevate its IL-10 secretion level or lower the secretion on IL-12 under the stimulation of LPS, moreover, it can inhibit the activation of T cell in vivo.

COMM domain-containing protein 9 (COMMD9), is a part of the COMMD family. The COMMD family is a group of evolutionary conserved proteins that share a common COMM domain at their extreme C-terminus, which provides an interface for protein-protein interactions. COMMD9 is a 198 amino acid ubiquitously expressed protein which contains one COMM domain and involved in signaling events all over the cell.

Tribbles Pseudokinase 3, also known as TRIB3, is a putative protein kinase which is induced by the transcription factor NF-kappaB. In addition, TRIB3 is a negative regulator of NF-kappaB, and can as well sensitize cells to TNF- and TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, TRIB3 is able to negatively regulate the cell survival serine-threonine kinase AKT1. One of the diseases which are associated with TRIB3 is anoxia.