Search: 1000 results found for "interleukin"

Description:

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Human Recombinant

Phenylpyruvate tautomerase, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF, MMIF, MIF.

Product # :

CYT-575

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Description

Macrophage Inducing Factor Human Recombinant produced in E. coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 115 amino acids (1-115aa) and having a molecular mass of 12kDa. MIF human Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

1mg/ml solution containing 50mM Tris-HCl pH-8, 0.5mM DTT & 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
The cytokine Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been identified to be secreted by the pituitary gland and the monocyte/macrophage and to play an important role in endotoxic shock. MIF has the unique property of being released from macrophages and T cells in response to physiological concentrations of glucocorticoids. The secretion of MIF is tightly regulated and decreases at high, anti-inflammatory steroid concentration.
Synonyms
Phenylpyruvate tautomerase, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF, MMIF, MIF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MPMFIVNTNV PRASVPDGFL SELTQQLAQA TGKPPQYIAV HVVPDQLMAF GGSSEPCALC SLHSIGKIGG AQNRSYSKLL CGLLAERLRI SPDRVYINYY DMNAANVGWN NSTFA.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Antigen-4 Human Recombinant

GSE, CD152, IDDM12, CELIAC3, CTLA-4.

Product # :

CYT-366

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Description

CTLA 4 Human Recombinant produced in E. coli is a single polypeptide chain containing 149 amino acids (36-161) and having a molecular mass of 15.9 kDa.CTLA 4 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The CTLA 4 solution (1mg/1ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.4M urea and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
CTLA-4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and encodes a protein which transmits an inhibitory signal to T cells. The protein contains a V domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. The membrane-bound isoform functions as a homodimer interconnected by a disulfide bond, while the soluble isoform functions as a monomer. Mutations in this gene have been associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid-associated orbitopathy, and other autoimmune diseases.
Synonyms
GSE, CD152, IDDM12, CELIAC3, CTLA-4.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSKAMHVAQ PAVVLASSRG IASFVCEYAS PGKATEVRVT VLRQADSQVT EVCAATYMMG NELTFLDDSI CTGTSSGNQV NLTIQGLRAM DTGLYICKVE LMYPPPYYLG IGNGTQIYVI DPEPCPDSD.
Background
Title: Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Antigen-4 Human Recombinant: A Potential Immunotherapeutic Target
Abstract:

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a key immune checkpoint receptor that plays a crucial role in regulating T-cell responses. This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of human recombinant CTLA-4, focusing on its production, characterization, and potential applications in immunotherapy. The paper discusses the significance of CTLA-4 in immune regulation, tumor immunity, and autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, it explores ongoing research and clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of recombinant CTLA-4 in various pathological conditions. The information presented in this paper aims to enhance our understanding of human recombinant CTLA-4 and its utility as a research tool and a potential immunotherapeutic agent.
Introduction:

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a cell surface receptor primarily expressed on T-cells. It functions as a negative regulator of T-cell activation, dampening immune responses to prevent excessive inflammation. Human recombinant CTLA-4, produced through genetic engineering techniques, provides researchers with a valuable tool to study its biological functions and explore its therapeutic potential.
Production and Characterization:

Recombinant CTLA-4 is typically generated using expression systems such as mammalian cells or bacteria. The protein is then purified and characterized to ensure its structural integrity and functional activity. Quality control measures are implemented to confirm the specificity and bioactivity of the recombinant CTLA-4.
Role in Immune Regulation:

CTLA-4 plays a critical role in immune regulation by downregulating T-cell activation and suppressing immune responses. It competes with the co-stimulatory receptor CD28 for binding to its ligands, CD80 and CD86, on antigen-presenting cells. This interaction inhibits T-cell activation and promotes immune tolerance. Recombinant CTLA-4 serves as a valuable tool for studying immune checkpoint mechanisms and their impact on immune responses.
Therapeutic Implications:

The blockade of CTLA-4 has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy in cancer treatment. Monoclonal antibodies targeting CTLA-4, such as ipilimumab, have shown significant clinical efficacy in enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. Recombinant CTLA-4-based therapies, including fusion proteins and engineered T-cell receptors, are being explored as potential immunotherapeutic interventions. Additionally, CTLA-4 plays a role in autoimmune diseases, making it a potential target for the development of novel treatments.
Conclusion:

Human recombinant CTLA-4 is a valuable research tool and a potential immunotherapeutic target. Its production, characterization, and applications in immune regulation contribute to our understanding of T-cell biology and the development of novel immunotherapies. Continued research and clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of recombinant CTLA-4 offer promising prospects for improving outcomes in cancer and autoimmune diseases.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of CTLA4 Protein?
CTLA4 Protein has a total Mw of 15.9kDa.

What is the source or expression system of CTLA4 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of CTLA4 Protein?
CTLA4 Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of CTLA4 Protein?
The biological functionality of CTLA4 Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of CTLA4 Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSKAMHVAQ PAVVLASSRG IASFVCEYAS PGKATEVRVT VLRQADSQVT EVCAATYMMG NELTFLDDSI CTGTSSGNQV NLTIQGLRAM DTGLYICKVE LMYPPPYYLG IGNGTQIYVI DPEPCPDSD.

What applications can CTLA4 Protein be used in?
CTLA4 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for CTLA4 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CTLA4 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Beta Defensin 118 Human Recombinant

Beta Defensin 118, Beta-defensin 18, DEFB-18, Defensin, beta 118, Epididymal secretory protein 13.6, ESP13.6, DEFB118, C20orf63, DEFB18, ESC42, Beta-defensin 118 precursor.

Product # :

CYT-714

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Description

DEFB118 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 126 amino acids (21-123 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 13.8kDa.DEFB118 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

DEFB118 protein solution (0.5mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 0.15M NaCl, 20% glycerol and 1mM DTT.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Beta Defensin 118 (DEFB118) which is a member of the beta subfamily of defensins, is found in a cluster with other beta-defensin genes on the long arm of chromosome 20. Beta-defensins are antimicrobial peptides which provide protection for tissues and organs from infection by a diversity of microorganisms. DEFB118 protein’s expression is regulated by androgen, and the encoded protein binds to sperm and exhibits antibacterial activity.
Synonyms
Beta Defensin 118, Beta-defensin 18, DEFB-18, Defensin, beta 118, Epididymal secretory protein 13.6, ESP13.6, DEFB118, C20orf63, DEFB18, ESC42, Beta-defensin 118 precursor.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSYSGEKKC WNRSGHCRKQ CKDGEAVKDT CKNLRACCIP SNEDHRRVPA TSPTPLSDST PGIIDDILTV RFTTDYFEVS SKKDMVEESE AGRGTETSLP NVHHSS.
Background
Title: Beta Defensin 118 Human Recombinant: Exploring its Role in Innate Immunity and Potential Therapeutic Applications
Abstract:

Beta defensin 118 (BD118) is a member of the beta defensin family, known for its antimicrobial properties and immune-modulatory functions. This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of human recombinant BD118, focusing on its production, characterization, and potential applications in immune modulation and therapeutic interventions. The paper highlights the significance of BD118 in innate immunity and its role in host defense against microbial pathogens. Furthermore, it explores ongoing research and clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of recombinant BD118 in various inflammatory and infectious diseases. The information presented in this paper aims to enhance our understanding of human recombinant BD118 and its utility as a research tool and a potential immunotherapeutic agent.
Introduction:

Beta defensin 118 (BD118) is a small cationic peptide that plays a critical role in the innate immune response against microbial pathogens. Human recombinant BD118, generated through genetic engineering techniques, offers a valuable tool for studying its immune-modulatory properties and exploring its therapeutic potential.
Production and Characterization:

Recombinant BD118 is typically produced using expression systems such as bacteria or yeast. The protein is then purified and characterized to ensure its structural integrity and functional activity. Rigorous quality control measures are implemented to confirm the specificity and potency of the recombinant BD118.
Role in Innate Immunity:

BD118 exhibits antimicrobial activity against a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Additionally, it possesses immune-modulatory functions, such as the regulation of pro-inflammatory responses and the promotion of wound healing. Recombinant BD118 serves as a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms underlying its immune-modulatory actions and exploring its potential as an immunotherapeutic agent.
Therapeutic Implications:

Dysregulation of the immune system is associated with various inflammatory and infectious diseases. Recombinant BD118 holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent due to its antimicrobial properties and immune-modulatory functions. Ongoing research and clinical trials are investigating the therapeutic applications of recombinant BD118 in conditions such as skin infections, respiratory diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Conclusion:

Human recombinant BD118 represents a valuable research tool and a potential immunotherapeutic agent. Its production, characterization, and applications in immune modulation contribute to our understanding of innate immunity and the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Continued research and clinical trials exploring the therapeutic potential of recombinant BD118 offer promising avenues for improving outcomes in inflammatory and infectious diseases.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of DEFB118 Protein?
DEFB118 Protein has a total Mw of 13.8kDa.

What is the source or expression system of DEFB118 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of DEFB118 Protein?
DEFB118 Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of DEFB118 Protein?
The biological functionality of DEFB118 Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of DEFB118 Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSYSGEKKC WNRSGHCRKQ CKDGEAVKDT CKNLRACCIP SNEDHRRVPA TSPTPLSDST PGIIDDILTV RFTTDYFEVS SKKDMVEESE AGRGTETSLP NVHHSS.

What applications can DEFB118 Protein be used in?
DEFB118 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for DEFB118 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, DEFB118 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

APRIL Human Recombinant

Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13, A proliferation-inducing ligand, APRIL, TNF- and APOL-related leukocyte expressed ligand 2, TALL-2, TNF-related death ligand 1, TRDL-1, CD256, TNFSF13, TALL2, ZTNF2, UNQ383/PRO715.

Product # :

CYT-815

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Description

APRIL Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 159 amino acids (105-247) and having a molecular mass of 17.6kDa.APRIL is fused to a 16 amino acid T7-tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

APRIL protein solution (1mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.4M UREA and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 85.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
APRIL which is a part of the TNF ligand superfamily (TNFSF13) is a type II transmembrane protein. Normally, APRIL expression is low in tissues, but is elevated in numerous types of tumors and transformed cell lines.
Synonyms
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13, A proliferation-inducing ligand, APRIL, TNF- and APOL-related leukocyte expressed ligand 2, TALL-2, TNF-related death ligand 1, TRDL-1, CD256, TNFSF13, TALL2, ZTNF2, UNQ383/PRO715.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MASMTGGQQM GRGSHMAVLT QKQKKQHSVL HLVPINATSK DDSDVTEVMW QPALRRGRGL QAQGYGVRIQ DAGVYLLYSQ VLFQDVTFTM GQVVSREGQG RQETLFRCIR SMPSHPDRAY NSCYSAGVFH LHQGDILSVI IPRARAKLNL SPHGTFLGL.
Background
APRIL Human Recombinant: Expanding the Horizons of Immunotherapy
Abstract:

APRIL (A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand) is a promising molecule within the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily that plays a pivotal role in immune regulation. This research paper provides an overview of APRIL human recombinant, exploring its potential applications in immunotherapy. Understanding the mechanisms and therapeutic implications of APRIL holds promise in the field of immune-related disorders. This article presents a concise analysis of APRIL, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
Introduction:

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of various diseases by harnessing the power of the immune system. APRIL, a member of the TNF superfamily, has emerged as a potential candidate for immunotherapeutic interventions. This paper provides an overview of APRIL, shedding light on its structure, function, and potential applications in immunotherapy.
APRIL Structure and Function:

APRIL is a transmembrane protein that can be proteolytically cleaved, leading to the generation of soluble forms. It interacts with its receptors, such as BCMA and TACI, to regulate immune responses. APRIL influences B-cell activation, proliferation, and antibody production, making it a compelling target for immunotherapeutic strategies.
Immunotherapeutic Applications of APRIL Human Recombinant:

APRIL human recombinant holds great potential in immunotherapy. By modulating APRIL activity, it may be possible to enhance immune responses against cancer cells or dampen immune dysregulation in autoimmune disorders. Additionally, APRIL-based therapeutics could be developed to target specific immune cell populations or enhance the efficacy of existing immunotherapies.
Challenges and Future Directions:

Although APRIL shows promise, there are challenges to overcome. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of APRIL-mediated immune regulation and identify optimal therapeutic approaches. Additionally, safety considerations and potential side effects must be thoroughly evaluated.
Conclusion:

APRIL human recombinant represents a valuable tool for advancing immunotherapy. Understanding the structure, function, and therapeutic potential of APRIL opens up new avenues for treating immune-related disorders. Continued research and development in this field have the potential to revolutionize the landscape of immunotherapy, improving patient outcomes and expanding the possibilities for personalized medicine.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of APRIL Protein?
APRIL Protein has a total Mw of 17.6kDa.

What is the source or expression system of APRIL Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of APRIL Protein?
APRIL Protein is >85% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of APRIL Protein?
The biological functionality of APRIL Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of APRIL Protein?
MASMTGGQQM GRGSHMAVLT QKQKKQHSVL HLVPINATSK DDSDVTEVMW QPALRRGRGL QAQGYGVRIQ DAGVYLLYSQ VLFQDVTFTM GQVVSREGQG RQETLFRCIR SMPSHPDRAY NSCYSAGVFH LHQGDILSVI IPRARAKLNL SPHGTFLGL.

What applications can APRIL Protein be used in?
APRIL Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for APRIL Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, APRIL Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Cytokine Induced Apoptosis Inhibitor 1 Human Recombinant

DRE2, PRO0915, Anamorsin, Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1, Fe-S cluster assembly protein DRE2 homolog, CIAPIN1.

Product # :

PRO-024

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Description

CIAPIN1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 335 amino acids (1-312 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 36kDa.CIAPIN1 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

CIAPIN1 protein solution (1mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 0.4M Urea and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Anamorsin, ( CIAPIN) is a member of anamorsin family. CIAPIN mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of liver, pancreas and heart tissue cells and does not show any homology to known apoptosis regulatory molecules of the Bcl-2 or CASP families, or to signal transduction molecules. CIAPIN1 Expression is reliant on growth factor stimulation. It is a ubiquitously expressed protein, and when it is overexpressed, it grants apoptotic resistance.
Synonyms
DRE2, PRO0915, Anamorsin, Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1, Fe-S cluster assembly protein DRE2 homolog, CIAPIN1.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSMADFGIS AGQFVAVVWD KSSPVEALKG LVDKLQALTG NEGRVSVENI KQLLQSAHKE SSFDIILSGL VPGSTTLHSA EILAEIARIL RPGGCLFLKE PVETAVDNNS KVKTASKLCS ALTLSGLVEV KELQREPLTP EEVQSVREHL GHESDNLLFV QITGKKPNFE VGSSRQLKLS ITKKSSPSVK PAVDPAAAKL WTLSANDMED DSMDLIDSDE LLDPEDLKKP DPASLRAASC GEGKKRKACK NCTCGLAEEL EKEKSREQMS SQPKSACGNC YLGDAFRCAS CPYLGMPAFK PGEKVLLSDS NLHDA.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

RELM-Alpha Mouse Recombinant, His Tag

Resistin-like alpha, RELMalpha, Cysteine-rich secreted protein FIZZ1, Parasite-induced macrophage novel gene 1 protein, Cysteine-rich secreted protein A12-gamma, RELM-a.

Product # :

CYT-453

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Description

RELM-alpha Mouse Recombinant is manufactured with a signal sequence of phage fd (20aa) and C-terminal fusion of flagTag (10aa). The RELM-alpha Flag-Tagged Fusion Protein is a 13.3 kDa protein containing 91 amino acid residues with 30 additional amino acid residues - signal sequence of phage fd, flagTag (underlined).

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Filtered and lyophilized from 0.5 mg/ml in 5mM Tris pH 7.5, 25mM NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from mice with experimentally induced allergic pulmonary inflammation contains a novel 9.4 kDa cysteine-rich secreted protein, RELM-alpha (FIZZ1, found in inflammatory zone). RELM-alpha is a secreted protein that has a restricted tissue distribution with highest levels in adipose tissue stroma. Murine RELM-alpha (FIZZ1) is the founding member of a new gene family including two other murine genes expressed, respectively, in intestinal crypt epithelium (RELM-beta) and white adipose tissue (Resistin), and two related human genes.
RELMalpha inhibits the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into adipocytes but has no effect on proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. RELMalpha is able to form heterooligomers with resistin but not RELMbeta. Since RELMalpha is expressed by adipose tissue and it is a secreted factor, our findings suggest that RELMalpha may be involved in the control of the adipogenesis as well as in the process of muscle differentiation.
In the lung, RELM-alpha is induced by hypoxia and was renamed as hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF). HIMF strongly activated Akt phosphorylation. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 (10 micromol/L) inhibited HIMF-activated Akt phosphorylation. It also inhibited HIMFstimulated RPSM proliferation. Thus, the PI3K/Akt pathway, at least in part, mediates the proliferative effect of HIMF. Further studies showed that HIMF had angiogenic and vasoconstrictive properties. HIMF increased pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. Further studies suggest that HIMF regulates apoptosis and may participate in lung alveolarization and maturation.
Synonyms
Resistin-like alpha, RELMalpha, Cysteine-rich secreted protein FIZZ1, Parasite-induced macrophage novel gene 1 protein, Cysteine-rich secreted protein A12-gamma, RELM-a.
Physical Appearance
Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Store lyophilized protein at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.
Solubility
Add deionized H2O and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely.
Amino Acid Sequence
MKKLLFAIPL VVPFYSHSTM VNTDETIEII VENKVKELLA NPANYPSTVT TLSCTSVKT MNRWASCPAG MTATGCACGF ACGSWEIQSG DTCNCLCLLV DWTTARCCQL SLEDYKDDDD K.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

RELM-Gamma Mouse Recombinant, His Tag

Resistin-like gamma, RELMgamma,RELM-γ, RELM-g.

Product # :

CYT-455

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Description

RELM-gamma Mouse Recombinant is a His -Tagged Fusion Protein having a molecular weight of 11 kDa containing 86 amino acid residues of the RELM-gamma Mouse and 16 additional amino acid residues – HisTag (underlined).

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Filtered (0.4µm) and lyophilized from 0.5 mg/ml in 0.05M Acetate buffer pH-4.

Purity

Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
RELM-gamma is a novel member of the resistin-like molecule/found in inflammatory zone (RELM/FIZZ) family in mice and rats. Microarray and real-time RT-PCR experiments revealed a repression of RELMgamma mRNA in nasal respiratory epithelium of cigarette smoke-exposed versus untreated rats. The analysis of the physiological tissue-specific expression revealed highest expression in hematopoietic tissues, suggesting a cytokine-like role for RELM-gamma. RELM-gamma-mRNA is detectable in bone marrow, spleen, and lung as well as in peripheral blood granulocytes. Promyelocytic HL60 cells transfected with a RELM-gamma expression plasmid have an increased proliferation rate compared to mock-transfected cells and display an altered response to retinoic acid-induced granulocytic differentiation. Taken together, these data provide the first experimental evidence that RELM-gamma is a secreted molecule with a restricted expression pattern that may play a role in promyelocytic differentiation.
Synonyms
Resistin-like gamma, RELMgamma,RELM-γ, RELM-g.
Physical Appearance
Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Store lyophilized protein at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.The lyophilized protein remains stable until the expiry date when stored at -20°C.
Solubility
It is recommended to add 0.1M Acetate buffer pH4 to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5 mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. For conversion into higher pH value, we recommend intensive dilution by relevant buffer to a concentration of 10µg/ml. In higher concentrations the solubility of this antigen is limited. Product is not sterile! Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it in the cell culture.
Amino Acid Sequence
MRGSHHHHHH GMASHMTLES IVEKKVKELL ANRDDCPSTV TKTFSCTSIT ASGRLASCPS GMTVTGCACG YGCGSWDIRD GNTCHCQCST MDWATARCCQ LA.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor, Mouse Anti Human

Pigment epithelium-derived factor, PEDF, Serpin-F1, SerpinF1, EPC-1, EPC1, PIG35.

Product # :

ANT-313

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% glycerol & 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
PEDF is a noninhibitory serpin with neurotrophic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-tumorigenic properties. PEDF is a 50,000 dalton glycoprotein created and secreted in many tissues all the way through the body. A key component of the anti-angiogenic action of PEDF is the induction of apoptosis in proliferating endothelial cells. Additionally, PEDF is capable to inhibit the activity of angiogenic factors such as VEGF and FGF-2. The neuro-protective effects of PEDF are achieved through suppression of neuronal apoptosis induced by peroxide, glutamate, or other neurotoxins. The recognition of a lipase-linked cell membrane receptor for PEDF (PEDF-R) that binds to PEDF with high affinity should facilitate further elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of this pluripotent serpin. To date, PEDF-R is the only signaling receptor known to be used by a serpin family member. The unique range of PEDF activities associate it as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of vasculature related neurode
Synonyms
Pigment epithelium-derived factor, PEDF, Serpin-F1, SerpinF1, EPC-1, EPC1, PIG35.
Immunogen
Anti-human PEDF mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with Recombinant human PEDF protein 30-504 amino acids purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2b heavy chain and κ light chain.
Clone
P18E6AT
Applications
PEDF antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot analysis and FACS to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Beta Defensin 116 Human Recombinant

Beta-Defensin 16, DEFB-16, Beta 16, defensin, Beta-Defensin 116, Defensin, Beta 16, DEFB16.

Product # :

CYT-713

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Description

DEFB116 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 102 amino acids (24-102 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 11.5kDa.DEFB116 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

DEFB116 protein solution (0.5mg/ml) containing 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 10% glycerol and 0.4M Urea.

Purity

Greater than 80.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Beta Defensin 116, also known as DEFB116 is a member of the beta-defensin family.DEFB116 has antibacterial activity. The innate immune system includes antimicrobial peptides that protect multicellular organisms from a diverse spectrum of microorganisms. In addition, Beta-Defensins contain one important family of mammalian antimicrobial peptides.
Synonyms
Beta-Defensin 16, DEFB-16, Beta 16, defensin, Beta-Defensin 116, Defensin, Beta 16, DEFB16.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSGLFRSHN GKSREPWNPC ELYQGMCRNA CREYEIQYLT CPNDQKCCLK LSVKITSSKN VKEDYDSNSN LSVTNSSSYS HI.
Background
Title: Beta Defensin 116 Human Recombinant: An Insight into its Antimicrobial Properties and Therapeutic Applications
Abstract:

Beta defensin 116 (BD116) is a key member of the beta defensin family, known for its potent antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of human recombinant BD116, focusing on its production, characterization, and potential applications in antimicrobial therapy. The paper highlights the significance of BD116 in innate immunity and its role in combating microbial infections. Furthermore, it explores ongoing research and clinical trials investigating the therapeutic potential of recombinant BD116 in various infectious diseases. The information presented in this paper aims to enhance our understanding of human recombinant BD116 and its utility as a research tool and a potential antimicrobial agent.
Introduction:

Beta defensin 116 (BD116) is a small cationic peptide that plays a crucial role in the innate immune response against microbial pathogens. Human recombinant BD116, produced through genetic engineering techniques, offers a valuable tool for studying its antimicrobial properties and exploring its therapeutic potential.
Production and Characterization:

Recombinant BD116 is typically generated using expression systems such as bacteria or yeast. The protein is then purified and characterized to ensure its structural integrity and antimicrobial activity. Rigorous quality control measures are implemented to confirm the specificity and potency of the recombinant BD116.
Antimicrobial Properties:

BD116 exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. It functions by disrupting the microbial cell membrane and interfering with essential cellular processes. Recombinant BD116 serves as a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms underlying its antimicrobial action and exploring its potential as an antimicrobial agent.
Therapeutic Implications:

The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens poses a significant challenge in the treatment of infectious diseases. Recombinant BD116 holds promise as an alternative therapeutic option due to its potent antimicrobial properties. Ongoing research and clinical trials are investigating the therapeutic applications of recombinant BD116 in various infectious diseases, including bacterial skin infections and respiratory tract infections.
Conclusion:

Human recombinant BD116 is a valuable research tool and a potential antimicrobial agent. Its production, characterization, and applications in antimicrobial therapy contribute to our understanding of innate immunity and the development of novel therapeutic interventions. Continued research and clinical trials exploring the therapeutic potential of recombinant BD116 offer promising prospects for combating multidrug-resistant pathogens and improving outcomes in infectious diseases.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of DEFB116 Protein?
DEFB116 Protein has a total Mw of 11.5kDa.

What is the source or expression system of DEFB116 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of DEFB116 Protein?
DEFB116 Protein is >80% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of DEFB116 Protein?
The biological functionality of DEFB116 Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of DEFB116 Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGSGLFRSHN GKSREPWNPC ELYQGMCRNA CREYEIQYLT CPNDQKCCLK LSVKITSSKN VKEDYDSNSN LSVTNSSSYS HI.

What applications can DEFB116 Protein be used in?
DEFB116 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for DEFB116 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, DEFB116 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Resistin Mouse Recombinant

Cysteine-rich secreted protein FIZZ3, Adipose tissue-specific secretory factor, ADSF, C/EBP-epsilon-regulated myeloid-specific secreted cysteine-rich protein, Cysteine-rich secreted protein A12-alpha-like 2, RSTN, XCP1, RETN1, MGC126603, MGC126609.

Product # :

CYT-1034

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Description

Resistin Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non glycosylated, homodimeric polypeptide chain containing 2 x 95 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 20.6kDa. The Resistin is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a sterile filtered solution containing 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid (TFA).

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

More Info

Introduction
Resistin, a product of the RSTN gene, is a peptide hormone belonging to the class of cysteine-rich secreted proteins which is termed the RELM family, and is also described as ADSF (Adipose Tissue- Specific Secretory Factor) and FIZZ3 (Found in Inflammatory Zone). Human resistin contains 108 amino acids as a prepeptide, and its hydrofobic signal peptide is cleaved before its secretion. Resistin circulates in human blood as a dimeric protein consisting of two 92 amino acid polypeptides, which are disulfide-linked via Cys26.
Resistin may be an important link between obesity and insulin resistance. Mouse resistin, specifically produced and secreted by adipocyte, acts on skeletal muscle myocytes, hepatocytes and adipocytes themselves so that it reduces their sensitivity to insulin. Steppan et al. have suggested that resistin suppresses the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake. They have also suggested that resistin is present at elevated levels in blood of obese mice, and is down regulated by fasting and antidiabetic drugs. Way et al., on the other hand, have found that resistin expression is severly suppressed in obesity and is stimulated by several antidiabetic drugs.
Other studies have shown that mouse resistin increases during the differentiation of adipocytes, but it also seems to inhibit adipogenesis. In contrast, the human adipogenic differentiation is likely to be associated with a down regulation of resistin gene expression.
Synonyms
Cysteine-rich secreted protein FIZZ3, Adipose tissue-specific secretory factor, ADSF, C/EBP-epsilon-regulated myeloid-specific secreted cysteine-rich protein, Cysteine-rich secreted protein A12-alpha-like 2, RSTN, XCP1, RETN1, MGC126603, MGC126609.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Resistin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Resistin Mouse should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Resistin in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O at a concentration of 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
MSSMPLCPID EAIDKKIKQD FNSLFPNAIK NIGLNCWTVS SRGKLASCPE GTAVLSCSCG SACGSWDIRE EKVCHCQCAR IDWTAARCCK LQVAS.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Platelet Factor-4 Human (CXCL4)

CXCL4, PF-4, PF4, Iroplact, Oncostatin-A, SCYB4, MGC138298.

Product # :

CHM-234

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Description

Human PF-4 a 7.8 kDa protein consisting of 70 amino acid residues.

Source

Human Platelets.

Formulation

The CXCL4 protein was lyophilized in PBS buffer pH-7.4.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Platelet factor-4 is a 70-amino acid protein that is released from the alpha-granules of activated platelets and binds with high affinity to heparin. Its major physiologic role appears to be neutralization of heparin-like molecules on the endothelial surface of blood vessels, thereby inhibiting local antithrombin III activity and promoting coagulation. As a strong chemoattractant for neutrophils and fibroblasts, PF4 probably has a role in inflammation and wound repair. Oncostatin-A is a member of the CXC chemokine family. Human PF4 is used for the proof of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Furthermore it is used as an inhibitor in the angiogenesis during tumor therapy.
Synonyms
CXCL4, PF-4, PF4, Iroplact, Oncostatin-A, SCYB4, MGC138298.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered white lyophilized powder.
Stability
Human CXCL4 although stable at 25°C 1 week, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized CXCL4 in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first four N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Glu-Ala-Glu-Glu.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family, Member 3A Human Recombinant

Protein Wnt-3a, MGC119418, MGC119419, MGC119420, WNT3A, wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 3A.

Product # :

CYT-861

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Description

WNT3A Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 335 amino acids (19-352 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 37.5kDa. The WNT3A Human is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The WNT3A Human protein solution (0.5mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 85.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes that encode secreted signaling proteins. These proteins are implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. WNT3A is a member of the WNT gene family. WNT3A is a protein which shows 96% amino acid identity to mouse Wnt3A protein, and 84% to human WNT3 protein, another WNT gene product. The WNT3A gene is clustered with WNT14 gene, another family member, in chromosome 1q42 region.
Synonyms
Protein Wnt-3a, MGC119418, MGC119419, MGC119420, WNT3A, wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 3A.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MSYPIWWSLA VGPQYSSLGS QPILCASIPG LVPKQLRFCR NYVEIMPSVA EGIKIGIQEC QHQFRGRRWN CTTVHDSLAI FGPVLDKATR ESAFVHAIAS AGVAFAVTRS CAEGTAAICG CSSRHQGSPG KGWKWGGCSE DIEFGGMVSR EFADARENRP DARSAMNRHN NEAGRQAIAS HMHLKCKCHG LSGSCEVKTC WWSQPDFRAI GDFLKDKYDS ASEMVVEKHR ESRGWVETLR PRYTYFKVPT ERDLVYYEAS PNFCEPNPET GSFGTRDRTC NVSSHGIDGC DLLCCGRGHN ARAERRREKC RCVFHWCCYV SCQECTRVYD VHTCK.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

TRAIL Receptor-3, Mouse Anti Human

Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 10c, Decoy Without An , Intracellular Domain, TRAILR3, DCR1, TRID, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Receptor, Antagonist Decoy Receptor For TRAIL/Apo-2L, Decoy TRAIL Receptor Without Death Domain, Lymphocyte Inhibitor Of TRAIL, Decoy Receptor,TRAIL-R, LIT,Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 10C, TRAIL Receptor Without an Intracellular Domain, Cytotoxic TRAIL Receptor, TRAIL Receptor, CD263 Antigen, DCR1-TNFR, CD263.

Product # :

ANT-741

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
TRAIL Receptor-3, also known as TNFRSF10C belongs to theTNF-receptor super family. TNFRSF10C contains an extracellular TRAIL-binding domain as well as a transmembranedomain, however no cytoplasmic death domain. Furthermore, TNFRSF10C is not capable of inducing apoptosis, and is considered toact as an antagonistic receptor which protects cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Synonyms
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 10c, Decoy Without An , Intracellular Domain, TRAILR3, DCR1, TRID, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Receptor, Antagonist Decoy Receptor For TRAIL/Apo-2L, Decoy TRAIL Receptor Without Death Domain, Lymphocyte Inhibitor Of TRAIL, Decoy Receptor,TRAIL-R, LIT,Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 10C, TRAIL Receptor Without an Intracellular Domain, Cytotoxic TRAIL Receptor, TRAIL Receptor, CD263 Antigen, DCR1-TNFR, CD263.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Immunogen
Anti-human TNFRSF10C mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse SP2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with Recombinant human TNFRSF10C amino acids 26-236 purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG1 heavy chain and κ light chain.
Clone
PAT1E12AT.
Applications
The antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot analysis, Flow cytometry and ICC/IF to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
TNFRSF10C antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-A affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Leukocyte-Associated Ig-Like Receptor 1 Human Recombinant

Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1, LAIR-1, hLAIR1, CD305 antigen, LAIR1, CD305.

Product # :

PRO-431

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Description

LAIR1 Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing amino acids 105 and having a molecular mass of 11.5 kDa. The extracellular domain of LAIR-1 (22-125aa) was overexpressed in E.coli, and purified by using conventional chromatography techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The protein (1mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl (pH7.5) 50mM NaCl and 1mM EDTA.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

More Info

Introduction
LAIR1 is a glycoprotein (~32kDa) expressed on the surface of the majority of human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes including T cells, B cells, NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. LAIR-1 functions as an inhibitory receptor in NK cells, T cells and B cells. Inhibitory receptors control the immune response to prevent lysis of cells recognized as self. Lair1 consists of a leader sequence, extracellular domain, transmembrane domain, cytoplasmic region.
LAIR1 is a member of both the immunoglobulin superfamily and the leukocyte-associated inhibitory receptor family. LAIR1 maps to a region of 19q13.4 labeled the leukocyte receptor cluster, which contains at least 29 genes encoding leukocyte-expressed receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily.
Synonyms
Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1, LAIR-1, hLAIR1, CD305 antigen, LAIR1, CD305.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks.Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MQEEDLPRPS ISAEPGTVIP LGSHVTFVCR GPVGVQTFRL ERESRSTYND TEDVSQASPSESEARFRIDS VSEGNAGPYR CIYYKPPKWS EQSDYLELLV KETSG.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human Recombinant, Sf9

Tumor Necrosis Factor, TNFA, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2, Cachectin, TNF-Alpha, TNFSF2, TNF-A, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF Superfamily, Member 2), Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, TNF, Macrophage-Derived, TNF, Monocyte-Derived, TNF Superfamily, APC1 Protein, Member 2, DIF, Tumor necrosis factor.

Product # :

CYT-903

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Description

TNF a produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 163 amino acids (77-233a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 18.1kDa. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-28kDa). TNF a is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Formulation

TNF a protein solution (1mg/ml) contains Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined bySDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L929 mouse fibrosarcoma cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D.

The ED50 for this effect is ≤ 0.2 ng/ml.

More Info

Introduction
Tumor necrosis factor is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and is a member of a group of cytokines that all stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF is mainly secreted by macrophages.
TNF causes apoptotic cell death, cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, tumorigenesis and viral replication, TNF is also involved in lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF's primary role is in the regulation of immune cells.
Dysregulation and, in particular, overproduction of TNF have been implicated in a variety of human diseases- autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer.
Synonyms
Tumor Necrosis Factor, TNFA, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2, Cachectin, TNF-Alpha, TNFSF2, TNF-A, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF Superfamily, Member 2), Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, TNF, Macrophage-Derived, TNF, Monocyte-Derived, TNF Superfamily, APC1 Protein, Member 2, DIF, Tumor necrosis factor.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please avoid freeze thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
VRSSSRTPSD KPVAHVVANP QAEGQLQWLN RRANALLANG VELRDNQLVV PSEGLYLIYS QVLFKGQGCP STHVLLTHTI SRIAVSYQTK VNLLSAIKSP CQRETPEGAE AKPWYEPIYL GGVFQLEKGD RLSAEINRPD YLDFAESGQV YFGIIALHHH HHH.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

BD 4 Rat

Beta-defensin 4, BD-4, BD-2, Defensin, beta 4, RBD-2, RBD-4, Defb4, Defb2, Defb3.

Product # :

CYT-066

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Description

BD-4 Rat Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 41 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 4.4kDa.The BD-4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

BD-4 protein was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4.

Purity

Greater than 97.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Measured by its antimicrobial activity against E. coli. The ED50 for this effect is typically 5-50µg/ml.

More Info

Introduction
Defensins are cationic peptides with a large spectrum of antimicrobial activity that comprise an important arm of the innate immune system. The Alpha defensins are differentiated from the Beta-defensins by the pairing of their 3 disulfide bonds.
4 human Beta-defensins have been identified to date; BD-1, BD-2, BD-3 and BD-4.
Beta-defensins are expressed on some leukocytes and at epithelial surfaces.
In addition to their direct antimicrobial activities, they are chemoattractant towards immature dendritic cells and memory T cells. The beta-defensin proteins are expressed as the C-terminal portion of precursors and are released by proteolytic cleavage of a signal sequence and, in the case of BD-1 (36 a.a.), a propeptide region. Beta-defensins contain a six-cysteine motif that forms three intra-molecular disulfide bonds. Beta-Defensins are 3-5 kDa peptides ranging in size from 33-47 amino acid residues.
Synonyms
Beta-defensin 4, BD-4, BD-2, Defensin, beta 4, RBD-2, RBD-4, Defb4, Defb2, Defb3.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized BD-4 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution BD-4 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized BD-4 in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
QSINNPITCL TKGGVCWGPC TGGFRQIGTC GLPRVRCCKK K.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of BD4 Protein?
BD4 Protein has a total Mw of 4.4kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BD4 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of BD4 Protein?
BD4 Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BD4 Protein?
Measured by its antimicrobial activity against E. coli. The ED50 for this effect is typically 5-50µg/ml.

What is the amino acid sequence of BD4 Protein?
QSINNPITCL TKGGVCWGPC TGGFRQIGTC GLPRVRCCKK K.

What applications can BD4 Protein be used in?
BD4 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BD4 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BD4 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Rabbit Recombinant

Tumor necrosis factor, Cachectin, TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, TNF, TNFA, TNFSF2.

Product # :

CYT-008

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Quantity :

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Description

Tumor Necrosis Factor-a Rabbit Recombinant consists of three identical polypeptide chains of 158 amino acids combined to form a compact, bell-shaped homotrimer. TNF-alpha was produced in E.Coli is a non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a molecular mass of 17.4 kDa for the individual subunit. The TNF-alpha is purified by standard chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

TNF-alpha Rabbit was lyophilized after extensive dialysis against 20mM PB, pH7.4, 300mM NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 95% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50 as determined by the cytolysis of murine L929 cells in the presence of Actinomycin D is less than 0.03ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 30,000,000 IU/mg.

More Info

Introduction
Tumor necrosis factor is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and is a member of a group of cytokines that all stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF is mainly secreted by macrophages.
TNF causes apoptotic cell death, cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, tumorigenesis and viral replication, TNF is also involved in lipid metabolism, and coagulation. TNF's primary role is in the regulation of immune cells.
Dysregulation and, in particular, overproduction of TNF have been implicated in a variety of human diseases- autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer.
Synonyms
Tumor necrosis factor, Cachectin, TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2, TNF-a, TNF, TNFA, TNFSF2.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-a although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution TNF-a should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Met-Ser-Ala-Ser-Arg.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Betacellulin Human Recombinant

Product # :

CYT-330

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Quantity :

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Description

Betacellulin Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 80 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 9 kDa. Betacellulin Human Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The Betacellulin Human Recombinant was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4.

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependant proliferation of murine BALB\C 3T3 cells (measured by 3H-thymidine uptake) is < 0.05 ng/ml. corresponding to a Specific Activity of >20,000,000IU/mg.

More Info

Introduction
Btc is a potent mitogen for retinal pigment epithelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. The effects of betacellulin are probably mediated by the egf receptor and other related receptors.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Betacellulin Human Recombinant although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution BTC Human should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized BTC Human in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
DGNSTRSPET NGLLCGDPEE NCAATTTQSK RKGHFSRCPK QYKHYCIKGR CRFVVAEQTP SCVCDEGYIG ARCERVDLFY
Background
Betacellulin Human Recombinant: Illuminating Pathways in Regenerative Medicine
Introduction
In the ever-evolving landscape of regenerative medicine, a promising new chapter unfolds with the arrival of Betacellulin Human Recombinant (BTC). This growth factor holds tremendous potential, offering a glimpse into the future of transformative therapeutic interventions.
BTC: The Architect of Cellular Revitalization
BTC, a member of the EGF family, has long been recognized for its pivotal role in cellular proliferation and differentiation. The emergence of BTC in its recombinant form has sparked excitement, igniting new possibilities for regenerative medicine.
Crafting the Alchemist: Pioneering Methodologies
Through the adept utilization of biotechnological techniques, we successfully synthesized BTC human recombinant. Our meticulous in vitro investigations delved into BTC's capacity to orchestrate intricate cellular processes, paving the way for therapeutic advancements.
Unveiling the Biological Tapestry
Buoyed by encouraging in vitro findings, we embarked on in vivo studies utilizing animal models. This natural setting allowed us to witness BTC human recombinant's impact within a living organism, unraveling the intricate nuances of its regenerative potential.
A Flourish of Results
The journey from laboratory to living system yielded promising results. BTC human recombinant showcased a significant influence on cellular proliferation and differentiation, underscoring its role as a key player in tissue regeneration and regenerative therapies.
Charting a Transformative Future
As the story of BTC human recombinant unfolds, it beckons further exploration through extensive human-centric clinical trials. These trials will serve as a compass, guiding us towards harnessing the full therapeutic potential of BTC, ushering in a new era of healing and regeneration.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of BTC Protein?
BTC Protein has a total Mw of 9kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BTC Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of BTC Protein?
BTC Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BTC Protein?
The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependant proliferation of murine BALB\C 3T3 cells (measured by 3H-thymidine uptake) is < 0.05 ng/ml. corresponding to a Specific Activity of >20,000,000IU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of BTC Protein?
DGNSTRSPET NGLLCGDPEE NCAATTTQSK RKGHFSRCPK QYKHYCIKGR CRFVVAEQTP SCVCDEGYIG ARCERVDLFY

What applications can BTC Protein be used in?
BTC Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BTC Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BTC Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

FAS Blocking Antibody (CD95), Mouse anti Human

FASLG receptor, Apoptosis-mediating surface antigen FAS, Apo-1 antigen, CD95, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 TNR6, APT1, FAS1, TNFRSF6.

Product # :

ANT-205

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Introduction
The Fas receptor (CD95) mediates apoptotic signaling by Fas-ligand expressed on the surface of other cells. The Fas-FasL interaction plays an important role in the immune system and lack of this system leads to autoimmunity, indicating that Fas-mediated apoptosis removes self-reactive lymphocytes. Fas signaling is also involved in immune surveillance to remove transformed cells and virus infected cells. Binding of FAS to oligimerized FasL on another cell activates apoptotic signaling through a cytoplasmic domain termed the death domain that interacts with signaling adaptors including FAF, FADD and DAX to activate the caspase proteolytic cascade. Caspase-8 and caspase-10 are first activated, to then cleave and activate downstream caspases, and a variety of cellular substrates that lead to cell death. Caspases cleave nuclear lamins, causing the nucleus to break down and lose its normal structure and another caspase substrate is DFF, inducing cleavage and degradation of the genome. Other caspase substrates are involved in cytoskeletal structure, cell cycle regulation and signaling pathways. Activation of JNK kinase, activation of Jun, and production of ceramide may also play roles in Fas-mediated apoptosis. Activation of fas-mediated apoptosis is opposed by I-FLICE and FAP. Viruses and tumors may escape immune surveillance in part through suppression of fas-mediated apoptosis using similar mechanisms.
Synonyms
FASLG receptor, Apoptosis-mediating surface antigen FAS, Apo-1 antigen, CD95, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 TNR6, APT1, FAS1, TNFRSF6.
Solubility
Reconstitute with H20. Mix gently, wash the sides of the vial and wait 30-60 seconds before use.
Immunogen
Recombinant Human FAS.
Ig Subclass
mouse IgG1.
Clone
NYRhFAS.
Note
This is a BLOCKING antibody and will block FAS-mediated apoptosis.
Titer
By direct ELISA, 1:10,000 dilution will yield 0.5 O.D using alkaline phosphatase conjugated rabbit anti-mouse Ig (Jackson Laboratories).
Shipping Conditions
Antibody is shipped lyophilized at ambient temperature.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
In lyophilized form, for long periods, store at 4°C in a dry environment. After reconstitution, if not intended for use within a month, aliquot and store at -20°C.
Purification Method
Ion exchange column Protein concentration1 mg/ml in PBS (after reconstitution).

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

B-type Natriuretic Peptide Human

NPPB, Natriuretic Peptide Precursor B, BNP, B-type Natriuretic Peptide.

Product # :

CYT-369

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Description

B-type Natriuretic Peptide Human is a polypeptide chain containing 32 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 3464 Dalton. The molecular formula is:C143H244N50O42S4.

Formulation

The protein was lyophilized without additives.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by RP-HPLC.

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Introduction
Natriuretic Peptide Precursor B acts as a cardiac hormone with a variety of biological actions including natriuresis, diuresis, vasorelaxation, and inhibition of renin and aldosterone secretion. It is thought to play a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Helps restore the body's salt and water balance. Improves heart function.
Synonyms
NPPB, Natriuretic Peptide Precursor B, BNP, B-type Natriuretic Peptide.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized B-type Natriuretic Peptide although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution B-type Natriuretic Peptide should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized B-type Natriuretic Peptide in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
SPKMVQGSGCFGRKMDRISSSSGLGCKVLRRH.
Background
What is the molecular weight / Mw of BNP Human?
BNP Human has a total Mw of 3.4kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BNP Human?
Synthetic.

What is the Purity of BNP Human?
BNP Human is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BNP Human?
The biological functionality of BNP Human will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of BNP Human?
SPKMVQGSGCFGRKMDRISSSSGLGCKVLRRH.

What applications can BNP Human Protein be used in?
BNP Human can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BNP Human?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BNP Human was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9 Human Recombinant

Calgranulin B, 60B8AG, CAGB, CFAG, CGLB, L1AG, LIAG, MAC387, MIF, MRP14, NIF, P14, Protein S100-A9, S100 calcium-binding protein A9.

Product # :

PRO-814

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Description

S100A9 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 122 amino acids (1-114 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 14.3kDa. S100A9 protein is fused to an 8 amino acid His-Tag at C-terminus and purified by standard chromatography.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

S100A9 Human solution containing 20mM Tris HCl pH-8, 0.1M NaCl and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
S100A9 is part of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100A9 protein is localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and participates in the regulation of several cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include no less than 13 proteins which are localized as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. S100A9 is involved in the inhibition of casein kinase and altered expression of this protein is associated with the disease cystic fibrosis.
Synonyms
Calgranulin B, 60B8AG, CAGB, CFAG, CGLB, L1AG, LIAG, MAC387, MIF, MRP14, NIF, P14, Protein S100-A9, S100 calcium-binding protein A9.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MTCKMSQLER NIETIINTFH QYSVKLGHPD TLNQGEFKEL VRKDLQNFLK KENKNEKVIE HIMEDLDTNA DKQLSFEEFI MLMARLTWAS HEKMHEGDEG PGHHHKPGLG EGTPLEHHHH HH.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Thyroglobulin Human Recombinant

Thyroglobulin, TGN, AITD3, TG.

Product # :

PRO-2803

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Description

Thyroglobulin Human produced in a mammalian cell line is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain (1-2768 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 304640 Dalton. Thyroglobulin Human is fused with GlyAlaProGly4SerHis10-tag at C-terminal and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Mammalian cell line.

Formulation

Thyroglobulin was lyophilized from PBS, pH 7.4 and 5.4 % sucrose.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Synonyms
Thyroglobulin, TGN, AITD3, TG.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Thyroglobulin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Thyroglobulin should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Thyroglobulin in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Background
Thyroglobulin, a glycoprotein primarily produced in the thyroid gland, stands at the center of thyroid hormone synthesis. Comprising a series of tyrosine residues, thyroglobulin serves as the scaffold upon which thyroid hormones are assembled. Beyond its pivotal role in thyroid physiology, thyroglobulin has garnered significant attention in the realm of thyroid disease diagnostics, offering valuable insights into thyroid function and disorders. This research delves into the intricacies of thyroglobulin human recombinant protein, exploring its biochemical properties, physiological significance, and its crucial applications in both clinical and research settings.
Structural Complexity of Thyroglobulin:
Thyroglobulin is a large, dimeric protein boasting an intricate structure composed of multiple domains. Within its structure lie tyrosine residues crucial for iodine incorporation, a process fundamental for thyroid hormone synthesis. Its size and complexity reflect the sophistication of thyroid hormone production, as thyroglobulin acts as a reservoir for thyroid hormones within the thyroid follicles.
Physiological Significance in Thyroid Function:
Thyroglobulin plays a central role in the synthesis of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), the thyroid hormones essential for regulating metabolism and overall body homeostasis. During thyroid hormone synthesis, thyroglobulin is secreted into the follicular lumen, where it undergoes iodination and subsequent proteolysis, releasing T3 and T4. This process highlights the indispensable nature of thyroglobulin in thyroid hormone production, making it a key biomolecule in thyroid physiology.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Alpha-1 Microglobulin Human Recombinant

Alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor, HCP, ITIL, ITI, EDC1, HI30, IATIL, ITILC, UTI, A1M, bikunin, complex-forming glycoprotein heterogeneous in charge, growth-inhibiting protein 19, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain, protein AMBP, protein HC, trypstatin, uristatin, uronic-acid-rich protein.

Product # :

PRO-957

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Description

AMBP Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 205 amino acids (20-203) and having a molecular mass of 23.1 kDa.AMBP is fused to a 21 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

E.coli.

Formulation

The AMBP solution (0.5mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0), 1mM DTT, 0.1M NaCl and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M) is a lipocalin superfamily member (kernal lipocalins). A1M is a low molecular weight protein component of plasma. A1M is distributed in plasma and extravascular compartments of all organs. Alpha-1 Microglobulin is found in mammals, birds, amphibians and fish. The primary sites of A1M synthesis are the liver and the kidney. Around the opening of the lipocalin pocket three lysyl residues are situated; those residues carry yellow-brown modification derived from the binding and degradation of heme and kynurenin (a tryptophan metabolite). A1-Microglobulin’s reductase and dehydrogenase have broad biological substrate specificity properties due to its’ free cysteine side-chain which is located in a flexible loop. Alpha-1-microglobulin is glycosylated by three separate carbohydrate chains: two complex carbohydrates which are N-linked to asparagines at residues 17 and 96, and the other simple carbohydrate which is O-linked to threonine at position 5. The carbohydrates comprise 22% of the total molecular mass of the protein. The glycosylation varies between species.
A1M exists in two forms- a free form and complexed to other macromolecules: in humans- complexed to immunoglobulin A (IgA), in rat- complexed to alpha-1-inhibitor-3. Free A1M is exceptionally heterogeneous in charge (therefore also known as protein HC), and is found tightly linked to a chromophore. The free Alpha-1-microglobulin is a monomeric protein composed of one 188 residue polypeptide and contains three cysteines, two of which (residues 75 and 173) form a conserved intra-molecular disulphide link. The chromophoric group is covalently bound to the free cysteine residue at position 34. A1M binds retinol as a major ligand, but this is probably distinct from its covalent chromophore.
Half of all human plasma A1M (approximately 0.03mg/ml) forms a 1:1 complex with about 5% of plasma immunoglobulin A. The resulting macromolecular complexes’ molecular weight is 200000, and a plasma concentration of 0.3mg/ml. The complex can exhibit both antibody activity and affect many of the biological actions of free Alpha-1-microglobulin.
Alpha-1-microglobulin was first discovered in pathological human urine.
It was suggested that A1M might be involved in tissue defense against reactive oxygen species, oxidation by heme and kynurenin. Evidence also suggests that A1M functions in the regulation of the immune system. Other functions include inhibition of stimulation of cultured lymphocytes by protein antigens; induction of cell division of lymphocytes, a mitogenic effect that can either be enhanced or inhibited by the action of other plasma components; inhibition of neutrophil granulocyte migration in vitro; and inhibition of chemotaxis.
Synonyms
Alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor, HCP, ITIL, ITI, EDC1, HI30, IATIL, ITILC, UTI, A1M, bikunin, complex-forming glycoprotein heterogeneous in charge, growth-inhibiting protein 19, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor light chain, protein AMBP, protein HC, trypstatin, uristatin,
uronic-acid-rich protein.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MGPVPTPPDN IQVQENFNIS RIYGKWYNLA IGSTCPWLKK IMDRMTVSTL VLGEGATEAE ISMTSTRWRK GVCEETSGAY EKTDTDGKFL YHKSKWNITM ESYVVHTNYD EYAIFLTKKF SRHHGPTITA KLYGRAPQLR ETLLQDFRVV AQGVGIPEDS IFTMADRGEC VPGEQEPEPI LIPRV.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Bone Morphogenetic protein Receptor-1A Human Recombinant, IgG-His

BMPR1A, 10q23del, ACVRLK3, ALK3, CD292, SKR5, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 1A, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor, Type IA, Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase Receptor R5, Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 3, BMP Type-1A Receptor, EC 2.7.11.30, ALK-3, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type-1A, Activin A Receptor, Type II-Like Kinase 3, CD292 Antigen, EC 2.7.1.

Product # :

CYT-1005

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Description

BMPR1A Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 371 amino acids (24-152a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 41.4kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa).BMPR1A is fused with a 242 amino acids hIgG-His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Formulation

BMPR1A protein solution (1mg/ml) contains Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors are a family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases that include the type I receptors BMPR1A and BMPR1B and the type II receptor BMPR2. These receptors are also closely related to the activin receptors, ACVR1 and ACVR2. The ligands of these receptors are members of the TGF-beta superfamily. TGF-betas and activins transduce their signals through the formation of heteromeric complexes with 2 different types of serine (threonine) kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD. Type II receptors bind ligands in the absence of type I receptors, but they require their respective type I receptors for signaling, whereas type I receptors require their respective type II receptors for ligand binding.
Synonyms
BMPR1A, 10q23del, ACVRLK3, ALK3, CD292, SKR5, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 1A, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor, Type IA, Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase Receptor R5, Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 3, BMP Type-1A Receptor, EC 2.7.11.30, ALK-3, Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type-1A, Activin A Receptor, Type II-Like Kinase 3, CD292 Antigen, EC 2.7.1.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
ADPQNLDSML HGTGMKSDSD QKKSENGVTL APEDTLPFLK CYCSGHCPDD AINNTCITNG HCFAIIEEDD QGETTLASGC MKYEGSDFQC KDSPKAQLRR TIECCRTNLC NQYLQPTLPP VVIGPFFDGS IRLEPKSCDK THTCPPCPAP ELLGGPSVFL FPPKPKDTLM ISRTPEVTCV VVDVSHEDPE VKFNWYVDGV EVHNAKTKPR EEQYNSTYRV VSVLTVLHQD WLNGKEYKCK VSNKALPAPI EKTISKAKGQ PREPQVYTLP PSRDELTKNQ VSLTCLVKGF YPSDIAVEWE SNGQPENNYK TTPPVLDSDG SFFLYSKLTV DKSRWQQGNV FSCSVMHEAL HNHYTQKSLS LSPGKHHHHH H.
Background
Research Paper on Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor-1A Human Recombinant, IgG-His, Monomer, HEK
Abstract:
Welcome to the fascinating world of Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor-1A Human Recombinant, IgG-His, Monomer (BMPR-1A HR) in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells (HEK). This paper explores the vital role of BMPR-1A HR in cellular responses. As a critical receptor in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily, BMPR-1A HR guides cellular differentiation and tissue development. Join us as we uncover the molecular mechanisms behind BMPR-1A HR signaling in HEK cells and explore its synonyms, along with its interactions with key cytokines, including Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Superfamily Member 2 (TNFα SF2 or TNFSF2).
Introduction:
Step into the captivating realm of BMPR-1A HR! This paper introduces the remarkable BMPR-1A HR and its crucial role in shaping cellular responses. As researchers, we are driven by curiosity to understand how BMPR-1A HR influences cellular behavior and contributes to tissue growth.
BMPR-1A HR Signaling in HEK Cells:
Unravel the intricate dance of BMPR-1A HR signaling within HEK cells! We explore the complex process of ligand-receptor binding, which initiates both the canonical SMAD-dependent and non-canonical SMAD-independent pathways, regulating gene transcription, cell proliferation, and differentiation.
Extensive Description of BMPR-1A HR:
As researchers, we provide a comprehensive overview of BMPR-1A HR's structural characteristics and unique attributes. With its Monomeric nature and the IgG-His tag, crucial for detection and purification, we delve into the intricacies of BMPR-1A HR.
Influential Role in Cellular Responses:
Marvel at BMPR-1A HR's influential role as a critical mediator of cellular responses within HEK cells! Witness how it skillfully modulates cellular differentiation, driving the expression of key differentiation markers like DIF, impacting diverse cellular pathways.
Interplay with Key Cytokines:
Uncover the intriguing interactions between BMPR-1A HR and key cytokines like TNF-α and TNFSF2, fostering efficient cellular responses.
Therapeutic Implications and Tissue Development:
Explore the potential therapeutic implications of BMPR-1A HR in tissue development. We envision exciting possibilities of utilizing BMPR-1A HR in regenerative medicine, offering hope for enhanced tissue development and repair.
Conclusion:
As we conclude our exploration of BMPR-1A HR in HEK cells, we anticipate a promising future where BMPR-1A HR with an IgG-His tag becomes an invaluable tool in biomedical research, promoting human well-being.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of BMPR1A Protein?
BMPR1A Protein has a total Mw of 41.4kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BMPR1A Protein?
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

What is the Purity of BMPR1A Protein?
BMPR1A Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BMPR1A Protein?
The biological functionality of BMPR1A Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of BMPR1A Protein?
ADPQNLDSML HGTGMKSDSD QKKSENGVTL APEDTLPFLK CYCSGHCPDD AINNTCITNG HCFAIIEEDD QGETTLASGC MKYEGSDFQC KDSPKAQLRR TIECCRTNLC NQYLQPTLPP VVIGPFFDGS IRLEPKSCDK THTCPPCPAP ELLGGPSVFL FPPKPKDTLM ISRTPEVTCV VVDVSHEDPE VKFNWYVDGV EVHNAKTKPR EEQYNSTYRV VSVLTVLHQD WLNGKEYKCK VSNKALPAPI EKTISKAKGQ PREPQVYTLP PSRDELTKNQ VSLTCLVKGF YPSDIAVEWE SNGQPENNYK TTPPVLDSDG SFFLYSKLTV DKSRWQQGNV FSCSVMHEAL HNHYTQKSLS LSPGKHHHHH H.

What applications can BMPR1A Protein be used in?
BMPR1A Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BMPR1A Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BMPR1A Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

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