Search results

Why Choose FGF2 Thermostable?
FGF2 can lose much of its activity after 1-2 days at 37°C due to unfolding and degradation. Thermostable FGF2 is engineered with amino acid substitutions that increase structural stability without significantly altering receptor binding or biological function.

What are the advantages of FGF2 Protein?
*Better maintenance of pluripotency markers
*Higher colony quality
*Faster expansion rates
*Reduced spontaneous differentiation
*Greater viability after passaging

What is the source or expression system of FGF2 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF2 Protein?
FGF2 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the molecular weight / Mw of FGF2 Protein?
FGF2 Protein having a total Mw of 17.2kDa.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF2 Protein?
The ED50 as calculated by the dose-dependent proliferation of murine balb/c 3T3 cells is less than 0.05ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of >20,000,000 units/mg.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF2 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF2 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF2 Protein?
AAGSITTLPA LPEDGGSGAF PPGHFKDPKL LYCKNGGFFL RIHPDGRVDG TRDKSDPFIK LQLQAEERGV VSIKGVCANR YLAMKEDGRL YAIKNVTDEC FFFERLEENN YNTYRSRKYP SWYVALKRTG QYKLGSKTGP GQKAILFLPM SAKS

Is FGF2 Protein conjugated to a Tag?
FGF2 Protein is not conjugated to a tag.

What applications can FGF2 Protein be used in?
FGF2 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of CDNF Protein?
CDNF Protein has a total Mw of 18.5kDa.

What is the source or expression system of CDNF Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of CDNF Protein?
CDNF Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of CDNF Protein?
CDNF Mouse is able to enhance neurite outgrowth of E16-E18 rat embryonic cortical neurons when immobilized at 5-30 µg/mL on a nitrocellulose-coated microplate.

What is the amino acid sequence of CDNF Protein?
QGLEAGVGPR ADCEVCKEFL DRFYNSLLSR GIDFSADTIE KELLNFCSDA KGKENRLCYY LGATTDAATK ILGEVTRPMS VHIPAVKICE KLKKMDSQIC ELKYGKKLDL ASVDLWKMRV AELKQILQRW GEECRACAEK SDYVNLIREL APKYVEIYPQ TEL.

What applications can CDNF Protein be used in?
CDNF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for CDNF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CDNF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

Unveiling the Potential of Human Recombinant Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Receptor: Insights and Applications

Abstract:

The Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Receptor (CNTFR) holds a crucial role in mediating the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on neuronal survival and growth. This paper discusses the significance of Human Recombinant CNTFR, its production methods, and its potential applications in neurobiology and therapeutic interventions. The review sheds light on the pivotal role of CNTFR in neuroprotection and neuroregeneration research.

Introduction:

CNTFR, a transmembrane protein, plays a pivotal role in transmitting CNTF-mediated signals to the cell. The availability of Human Recombinant CNTFR allows researchers to investigate its role in neuronal function and develop targeted therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. CNTFR's involvement in modulating neuronal health and promoting regeneration makes it an essential component in neurobiology.

Role in CNTF Signaling:

CNTFR forms a receptor complex with other proteins, including gp130 and LIFRβ, to bind CNTF and initiate downstream signaling pathways. Activation of intracellular signaling cascades, such as JAK/STAT and MAPK, contributes to the neuroprotective and growth-promoting effects of CNTF.

Production Methods:

Human Recombinant CNTFR is produced through gene expression in suitable host cells, often employing bacterial or mammalian systems. Ensuring proper folding and post-translational modifications is essential to maintain its functionality and binding affinity for CNTF.

Therapeutic Applications:

The availability of Human Recombinant CNTFR offers potential therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis, and retinal degeneration. Manipulating CNTFR-mediated signaling presents opportunities to enhance neuronal survival and regeneration, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Challenges and Future Directions:

While promising, challenges include optimizing the interaction between CNTFR and CNTF, ensuring efficient delivery to target tissues, and understanding potential off-target effects. Ongoing research is essential to unravel the complete mechanisms of CNTFR-mediated signaling and its implications for therapy.

Conclusion:

Human Recombinant Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Receptor serves as a crucial tool in advancing our understanding of neuroprotection and regeneration. Its potential to modulate CNTF-mediated effects opens avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies targeting neurodegenerative disorders, exemplifying the intersection of molecular biology and clinical application.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of CNTF Protein?
CNTF Protein has a total Mw of 38.1kDa.

What is the source or expression system of CNTF Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of CNTF Protein?
CNTF Protein is >85% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of CNTF Protein?
The biological functionality of CNTF Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of CNTF Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MQRHSPQEAP HVQYERLGSD VTLPCGTANW DAAVTWRVNG TDLAPDLLNG SQLVLHGLEL GHSGLYACFH RDSWHLRHQV LLHVGLPPRE PVLSCRSNTY PKGFYCSWHL PTPTYIPNTF NVTVLHGSKI MVCEKDPALK NRCHIRYMHL FSTIKYKVSI SVSNALGHNA TAITFDEFTI VKPDPPENVV ARPVPSNPRR LEVTWQTPST WPDPESFPLK FFLRYRPLIL DQWQHVELSD GTAHTITDAY AGKEYIIQVA AKDNEIGTWS DWSVAAHATP WTEEPRHLTT EAQAAETTTS TTSSLAPPPT TKICDPGELG S.

What applications can CNTF Protein be used in?
CNTF Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for CNTF Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, CNTF Protein was purified using conventional chromatography tech

What is the molecular weight / Mw of Activin B Protein?
Activin A Protein has a total Mw of 14 kDa.

What is the source or expression system of Activin B Protein?
Nicotinia

What is the Purity of Activin B Protein?
Activin B Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of Activin B Protein?
The biological functionality of Activin-B Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the endotoxin level for Activin B Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, ACTIVIN B Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

What is the amino acid sequence of ACTIVIN B Protein?
HHHHHHHHHH GLECDGRTNL CCRQQFFIDF RLIGWNDWII APTGYYGNYC EGSCPAYLAG VPGSASSFHT AVVNQYRMRG LNPGTVNSCC IPTKLSTMSM LYFDDEYNIV KRDVPNMIVE ECG

What applications can ACTIVIN B Protein be used in?
ACTIVIN A Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of GDF3 HUMAN Protein?
GDF3 HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 14.15XkDa.

What is the source or expression system of GDF3 HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of GDF3 HUMAN Protein?
GDF3 HUMAN Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of GDF3 HUMAN Protein?
The biological functionality of GDF3 HUMAN Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of GDF3 HUMAN Protein?
MKHHHHHHAS AAIPVPKLSC KNLCHRHQLF INFRDLGWHK WIIAPKGFMA NYCHGECPFS LTISLNSSNY AFMQALMHAV DPEIPQAVCI PTKLSPISML YQDNNDNVIL RHYEDMVVDECGCG.

What applications can GDF3 HUMAN Protein be used in?
GDF3 HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for GDF3 HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, GDF3 HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein?
IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein has a total Mw of 7.7kDa.

What is the source or expression system of IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein?
IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein?
The biological functionality of IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein?
GPETLCGAEL VDALQFVCGD RGFYFNKPTG YGSSSRRAPQ TGIVDECCFR SCDLRRLEMY CAPLKPAKST.

What applications can IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein be used in?
IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, IGF1 HUMAN, A70T Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

One of the key antigens associated with Wuchereria bancrofti is Wb123, a protein that has emerged as a potential diagnostic marker for early infection and a target for vaccine development. Wb123 is a highly immunogenic protein that elicits a strong antibody response in individuals infected with Wuchereria bancrofti. Recombinant Wb123 is utilized in serological assays to detect specific IgG4 antibodies, which are indicative of active infection, particularly in the early stages before clinical symptoms manifest. Studies using rWb123 have demonstrated its high sensitivity and specificity, making it a valuable tool for diagnosing lymphatic filariasis and monitoring the effectiveness of mass drug administration (MDA) programs aimed at eliminating the disease.

Before it was discovered in 2000, there was a hypothesis that a similar type of protein existed that performed many of the functions we see in FGF23. This was originally referred to as phosphatonin. Various effects were described and noted by researchers including inhibition of production and inhibition of secretion of parathyroid hormone. Derived from the bone Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 is a phosphaturic hormone. It increases phosphate excretion when acting on the kidney and also suppresses the biosynthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3.

Mechanism
Despite various research studies into the topic, many of the mechanisms for the regulations of FGF23 production remain a mystery to the scientific community. While we know that mutations in PHEX, ENPP1 and DMP1 result in the increased expression of FGF23, it is unclear why this occurs. This also means that currently, it is not possible to regulate the production of FGF23 either. We also do not know how signals from FGF23 regulate vitamin D metabolism. However, understanding these types of mechanisms could offer information needed to provide better treatment for deranged bone and mineral metabolism.

Interactions
Molecular interactions involving FGF-23, vitamin D and klotho do provide the solution needed to regulate phosphate levels within the body. Furthermore, an interaction between Vitamin D and FGF3 can have an impact on renal phosphate balance. As well as this, when in the presence of klotho, FGF3 does actually increase bioactivity and begins to change systemic phosphate homeostasis.

Function
Based on research it seems that the main function for FGF23 is the regulation of phosphate concentration in plasma. It seems to be secreted from the osteocytes due to elevated levels . When acting upon the kidneys, the hormone reduces the expression of NPT2. This is a sodium-phosphate cotransporter found in the proximal tube.
As such, it appears as though FGF23 is able to reduce the reabsorption, all the while maxing the excretion of phosphate. It has also been suggested that the hormone is able to suppress 1-alpha-hydroxylase. If this is the case, it can limit its potential to activate vitamin D and thus impair the ability for calcium absorption.

Structure
FGF243 is located on the chromosome 12. It is composed of three exons. The crystal structure of FGF23 is completely different from the common conformation typically adopted by paracrine-acting FGFs. Instead, there is a conformation of the HPR region between beta strands 10 and 12. As well as this, there is a cleft between the other HPR-binding region, the beta1-beta12 loop and this one. This comes before a direct interaction between HPR sulfate and FGF23s backbone atoms. Due to this, endocrine function is benefitted and HPR-binding affinity is reduced for the lipangs.
Certain mutations that cause the protein to be completely resistant to proteolytic cleavage does trigger a surge in activity of the protein and the renal phosphate loss typically found in certain human diseases including hypophosphatemic rickets.
Studies have also revealed that FGF23 is overproduced in certain tumors including phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors. Furthermore a reduced level of activity for this protein is believed to lead to higher phosphate levels and familial tumor calcinosis clinical syndrome.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF23 HUMAN Protein?
FGF23 HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of 22.5kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF23 HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF23 HUMAN Protein?
FGF23 HUMAN Protein is >95X% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF23 HUMAN Protein?
The biological activity of FGF-23 was measured in a cell proliferation assay using NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The ED50 for this effect is typically 0.05-0.5µg/ml in the presence of 5µg/ml of Recombinant Mouse Klotho and 10 µg/ml of HPR.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF23 HUMAN Protein?
MYPNASPLLG SSWGGLIHLY TATARNSYHL QIHKNGHVDG APHQTIYSAL MIRSEDAGFV VITGVMSRRY LCMDFRGNIF GSHYFDPENC RFQHQTLENG YDVYHSPQYH FLVSLGRAKR AFLPGMNPPP YSQFLSRRNE IPLIHFNTPI PRRHTRSAED DSERDPLNVL KPRARMTPAP ASCSQELPSA EDNSPMASDP LGVVRGGRVN THAGGTGPEG CRPFAKFI.

What applications can FGF23 HUMAN Protein be used in?
FGF23 HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF23 HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF23 HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF 1 Protein?
FGF 1 Protein has a total Mw of 15.8kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF 1 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF 1 Protein?
FGF 1 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF 1 Protein?
The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependant proliferation of mouse BALB/c 3T3 cells is <0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 2,000,000IU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF 1 Protein?
MFNLPPGNYK KPKLLYCSNG GHFLRILPDG TVDGTRDRSD QHIQLQLSAE SVGEVYIKST ETGQYLAMDT DGLLYGSQTP NEECLFLERL EENHYNTYIS KKHAEKNWFV GLKKNGSCKR GPRTHYGQKA ILFLPLPVSS D.

What applications can FGF 1 Protein be used in?
FGF 1 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF 1 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF 1 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF 1 Protein?
FGF 1 Protein has a total Mw of 17.3kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF 1 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of FGF 1 Protein?
FGF 1 Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF 1 Protein?
The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine balb/c 3T3 cells is < than 0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 2.0 ×106 IU/mg in the presence of 10µg/ml Heparin.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF 1 Protein?
AEGEITTFTA LTEKFNLPPG NYKKPKLLYC SNGGHFLRIL PDGTVDGTRD RSDQHIQLQL SAESVGEVYI KSTETGQYLA MDTDGLLYGS QTPNEECLFL ERLEENHYNT YISKKHAEKN WFVGLKKNGS CKRGPRTHYG QKAILFLPLP VSSD.

What applications can FGF 1 Protein be used in?
FGF 1 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF 1 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF 1 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

Neurofilament light chain (NEFL) is a critical component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, primarily found in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems. While extensive research has been conducted on NEFL in human and rodent models, the study of NEFL in bovine nervous tissues is an emerging area with potential for advancing our understanding of neuronal biology in larger mammals and its applications in veterinary medicine and neurobiology.

Bovine nervous tissues, such as the brain and spinal cord, are of particular interest due to their relevance in cattle health and the food industry. This research aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of NEFL in bovine nervous tissues, elucidating its functions, structural significance, and potential applications.

The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the role of NEFL in bovine nervous tissues, particularly in maintaining the structural integrity of neurons and axons. In vitro and ex vivo experiments, utilizing bovine neuronal cell cultures and tissue specimens, will be conducted to investigate how NEFL contributes to neuronal morphology, axonal transport, and neuronal resilience. Understanding these mechanisms is fundamental for deciphering the complexities of neuronal biology in bovine species.

The second objective is to assess the relevance of bovine NEFL in veterinary medicine. Studies involving bovine models will be conducted to evaluate the impact of NEFL mutations or variations on neuronal health, disease susceptibility, and neurodegenerative conditions. These investigations may provide valuable insights into potential applications in cattle health and the development of diagnostic tools for neurological disorders.

The third objective is to explore the potential applications of bovine NEFL in neurobiology and biotechnology. Research will investigate the use of bovine NEFL-expressing cells as models for studying neuronal-related diseases and for developing tissue engineering approaches for veterinary medicine and biotechnology.

By delving into the functions and roles of NEFL in bovine nervous tissues, this research aims to expand our knowledge of neuronal biology, its implications for veterinary medicine, and its potential applications in neurobiology and cattle health