Search: 652 results found for "anti coagulation factors"

Description:

Parkinson Disease Protein 7 Clone P1E12AT, Mouse Anti Human

PARK7, Parkinson disease protein 7, Oncogene DJ-1, Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7.

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ANT-515

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
The PARK7 is a ubiquitously expressed protein involved in various cellular processes including spermatogenesis and fertilization, cancer, RNA-binding, androgen-receptor signaling and oxidative stress. Mutations in the PARK7 are the cause of autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson’s disease 7 (Park7).
Synonyms
PARK7, Parkinson disease protein 7, Oncogene DJ-1, Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, early onset) 7.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Immunogen
Anti-human PARK7 mAb, clone P1E12AT, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human PARK7 protein 1-189 amino acids purified from E. coli
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2b heavy chain and k light chain.
Clone
P1E12AT.
Applications
The antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results. Recommended starting dilution is 1:1000.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
PARK7 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-A affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Fibroblast Growth Factor-Basic Human Recombinant, Sf9

Prostatropin, HBGH-2, HBGF-2, FGF-2, FGF-b.

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CYT-365

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Description

Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Human Recombinant (FGF-2) produced in Sf9 insect cells is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 155 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 17353 Dalton.The FGF-basic is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Baculovirus.

Formulation

The sterile protein solution (0.5mg/ml) contains 20mM Tris pH=7.9, 100mM KCl, 1mM DTT and 20% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 98.0% as determined by(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependant proliferation of BAF3 cells expressing FGF receptors (measured by 3H-thymidine uptake) is <0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 2MU/mg.

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Introduction
Basic fibroblast growth factor is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. This protein functions as a modifier of endothelial cell migration and proliferation, as well as an angiogenic factor. It acts as a mitogen for a variety of mesoderm- and neuroectoderm-derived cells in vitro, thus is thought to be involved in organogenesis. Three alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms have been described. The heparin-binding growth factors are angiogenic agents in vivo and are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types in vitro. There are differences in the tissue distribution and concentration of these 2 growth factors.
Synonyms
Prostatropin, HBGH-2, HBGF-2, FGF-2, FGF-b.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered liquid formulation.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Ala-Ala-Gly-Ser-Ile.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of FGF 2 Protein?
FGF 2 Protein has a total Mw of 17.3kDa.

What is the source or expression system of FGF 2 Protein?
Baculovirus.

What is the Purity of FGF 2 Protein?
FGF 2 Protein is >98% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of FGF 2 Protein?
The ED50, calculated by the dose-dependant proliferation of BAF3 cells expressing FGF receptors (measured by 3H-thymidine uptake) is <0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 2MU/mg.

What is the amino acid sequence of FGF 2 Protein?
FGF 2 Protein is composed from155 amino acids.

What applications can FGF 2 Protein be used in?
FGF 2 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for FGF 2 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, FGF 2 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB Human Recombinant

Glioma-derived growth factor, GDGF, Osteosarcoma-derived Growth Factor, ODGF, SIS, SSV, PDGF2, c-sis, FLJ12858, PDGF-BB, PDGF B-chain, Platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide.

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CYT-501

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Description

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB Human Recombinant is a homodimeric, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 2x109 amino acids (218 amino acids in total) and having a molecular mass of 24.3 kDa. PDGF-BB is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH7.4.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells.
The expected ED₅₀ for this effect is 1.0-3.0 ng/ml.

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Introduction
PDGF-BB is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family. The four members of this family are mitogenic factors for cells of mesenchymal origin and are characterized by a motif of eight cysteines. This gene product can exist either as a homodimer (PDGF-BB) or as a heterodimer with the platelet-derived growth factor alpha polypeptide (PDGF-AB), where the dimers are connected by disulfide bonds. Mutations in this gene are associated with meningioma. Reciprocal translocations between chromosomes 22 and 7, at sites where this gene and that for COL1A1 are located, are associated with a particular type of skin tumor called dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans resulting from unregulated expression of growth factor. Two splice variants have been identified for this gene.
Synonyms
Glioma-derived growth factor, GDGF, Osteosarcoma-derived Growth Factor, ODGF, SIS, SSV, PDGF2, c-sis, FLJ12858, PDGF-BB, PDGF B-chain, Platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Platelet-derived Growth Factor BB although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution PDGF BB should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
SLGSLTIAEP AMIAECKTRT EVFEISRRLI DRTNANFLVW PPCVEVQRCS GCCNNRNVQC RPTQVQLRPV QVRKIEIVRK KPIFKKATVT LEDHLACKCE TVAAARPVT.
Background
PDGF BB HUMAN: Overview of Its Production, Properties, and Clinical Significance
PDGF BB HUMAN, standing for Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB, is a powerful protein in the field of medical research, particularly in cell growth and healing. This growth factor plays a crucial role in the development and repair of tissues by stimulating cells primarily of mesenchymal origin.
Characteristics and Production
PDGF is produced as a recombinant protein in E. coli. It presents as a homodimer consisting of two identical polypeptide chains, each containing 109 amino acids, culminating in a total molecular mass of 24.3 kDa. The production process ensures a high-purity product, which is essential for reliable scientific results.
Physical Properties and Formulation
This growth factor appears as a white, sterile, lyophilized powder. It is formulated in a buffered solution (PBS, pH 7.4) and then filtered to ensure sterility and purity, essential for laboratory use. The formulation process is designed to maintain the stability and activity of the protein under various research conditions.
Solubility and Storage Instructions
PDGF BB is recommended to be reconstituted in sterile water to achieve a concentration of no less than 100µg/ml. This solution can then be diluted further to meet experimental needs.
Once reconstituted, the protein should be stored at 4°C for short-term use (2-7 days) and below -18°C for long-term storage. Avoiding freeze-thaw cycles is crucial to preserve its biological activities.
Stability and Purity
The lyophilized form of PDGF BB remains stable at room temperature for up to three weeks but requires desiccation for longer storage.
Moreover, the purity of this growth factor exceeds 95%, as confirmed by rigorous testing, including RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE, ensuring that researchers receive a highly effective product.
Research Applications
PDGF BB HUMAN is widely used in laboratory research to explore various biological processes, including wound healing, angiogenesis, and the development of certain types of cancers. It is also instrumental in studying the cellular mechanisms underlying tissue repair and regeneration.
Biological Activity
The effectiveness of PDGF BB is measured by its ability to stimulate the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells, with an effective dose (ED50) ranging from 1.0 to 3.0 ng/ml. This high level of activity underscores its utility in promoting cell growth, making it an invaluable tool in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Usage Guidelines
It is important to note that PDGF BB HUMAN is intended solely for laboratory research and is not suitable for drug, food, or cosmetic applications. Researchers must handle this growth factor under controlled conditions to ensure safety and efficacy.
Essentially, PDGF BB is a pivotal component in the toolkit of biomedical researchers, offering profound insights into cellular processes and potential therapeutic approaches. Also, its well-defined properties and controlled production make it a staple in studies focused on cell growth and tissue repair.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Acyl-Coenzyme A Thioesterase 11, Mouse Anti Human

Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 11, Acyl-CoA thioesterase 11, Acyl-CoA thioester hydrolase 11, Brown fat-inducible thioesterase, BFIT, Adipose-associated thioesterase, ACOT11, BFIT, KIAA0707, THEA, BFIT1, BFIT2, THEM1, STARD14.

Product # :

ANT-424

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1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 0.02% Sodium Azide & 10% Glycerol.

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Introduction
ACOT11 is a protein with acyl-CoA thioesterase activity towards medium (C12) and long-chain (C18) fatty acyl-CoA substrates. Expression of a similar murine protein in brown adipose tissue is induced by cold exposure and repressed by warmth. Expression of the mouse ACOT11 has been linked to obesity, with higher expression found in obesity-resistant mice compared with obesity-prone mice.
Synonyms
Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 11, Acyl-CoA thioesterase 11, Acyl-CoA thioester hydrolase 11, Brown fat-inducible thioesterase, BFIT, Adipose-associated thioesterase, ACOT11, BFIT, KIAA0707, THEA, BFIT1, BFIT2, THEM1, STARD14.
Immunogen
Anti-human ACOT11 mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant human ACOT11 amino acids 19-250 purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2b heavy chain and κ light chain.
Clone
PJ4B2AT.
Applications
ACOT11 antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results. Recommended dilution range for Western blot is 1:500 ~ 1:2,000 and immunohistochemistry analysis is 1:50~100. Recommended starting dilution for Western blot is 1:1,000 and Immunohistochemistry is 1:100.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
ACOT11 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

V-maf Musculoaponeurotic Fibrosarcoma Oncogene K, Mouse Anti Human

NFE2U, P18, Erythroid transcription factor NF-E2 p18 subunit, MAFK, Transcription factor MafK.

Product # :

ANT-463

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
MAFK is a member of the bZIP family and Maf subfamily. Members from Maf family of basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors influence transcription in a positive or negative way, depending on their protein associate and the context of the target promoter. Small Mafs act as transcriptional repressors when they dimerize among themselves. Yet, they seem to function as transcriptional activators by dimerizing with other basic-zipper proteins and employing them to specific DNA-binding sites.
Synonyms
NFE2U, P18, Erythroid transcription factor NF-E2 p18 subunit, MAFK, Transcription factor MafK.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Immunogen
Anti-human MAFK mAb, clone PAT2F7A, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human MAFK protein 1-156 amino acids purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2a heavy chain and Kappa light chain.
Clone
PAT2F7A.
Applications
The antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results. Recommended starting dilution is 1:1000.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
MAFK antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Complement C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein 9 Human Recombinant

C1QTNF9A, AQL1, CTRP9, C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 9, MGC48915.

Product # :

PRO-135

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Description

C1QTNF9 Protein is a 33.7 kDa protein containing 324 aa fused to a 10 aa N-Terminal His-tag.

Source

E. coli

Formulation

C1QTNF9 Human was filtered (0.4µm) and lyophilized from 0.5mg/ml supplied in 0.03M Acetate buffer, pH 4.

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Synonyms
C1QTNF9A, AQL1, CTRP9, C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 9, MGC48915.
Stability
Store lyophilized C1QTNF9 uman at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted C1QTNF9 an be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.
Solubility
Add 0.1M Acetate buffer pH4 to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5 mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. For conversion into higher pH value, we recommend intensive dilution by relevant buffer to a concentration of 10µg/ml. In higher concentrations the solubility of this antigen is limited. Product is not sterile! Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it in the cell culture.
Amino Acid Sequence
MKHHHHHHAS QDTCRQGHPG IPGNPGHNGL PGRDGRDGAK GDKGDAGEPG RPGSPGKDGT SGEKGERGAD GKVEAKGIKG DQGSRGSPGK HGPKGLAGPM GEKGLRGETG PQGQKGNKGD VGPTGPEGPR GNIGPLGPTG LPGPMGPIGK PGPKGEAGPT GPQGEPGVRG IRGWKGDRGE KGKIGETLVL PKSAFTVGLT VLSKFPSSDM PIKFDKILYN EFNHYDTAAG KFTCHIAGVY YFTYHITVFS RNVQVSLVKN GVKILHTKDA YMSSEDQASG GIVLQLKLGD EVWLQVTGGE RFNGLFADED DDTTFTGFLL FSSP
Applications
Western blotting

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

CD30 Ligand Human Recombinant, Sf9

Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Member 8, Tumor Necrosis Factor (Ligand) Superfamily, Member 8, CD153 Antigen, CD30 Ligand, CD30LG, CD30-L, CD30L, Tumor Necrosis Factor (Ligand) Superfamily Member 8, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand 3A, CD30 Antigen Ligand, TNLG3A, CD153, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 8, TNFSF8, CD30 ligand.

Product # :

CYT-954

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Description

TNFSF8 produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 181 amino acids (63-234a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 20.7kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-40kDa). TNFSF8 is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Sf9, Baculovirus cells.

Formulation

TNFSF8 protein solution (0.5mg/ml) contains Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
CD30 Ligand (TNFSF8) is a cytokine which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. The TNFSF8 cytokine is a ligand for TNFRSF8/CD30, which is a cell surface antigen and a marker for Hodgkin lymphoma and related hematologic malignancies. The employment of the TNFSF8 cytokine expressed on B cell surface has an inhibitory role in modulating Ig class switch. TNFSF8 enhances cell proliferation of some lymphoma cell lines, while inducing cell death and reducing cell proliferation of other lymphoma cell lines. The pleiotropic biological activities of the TNFSF8 cytokine on different CD30+ lymphoma cell lines has a pathophysiologic role in Hodgkin's and some non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
Synonyms
Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Member 8, Tumor Necrosis Factor (Ligand) Superfamily, Member 8, CD153 Antigen, CD30 Ligand, CD30LG, CD30-L, CD30L, Tumor Necrosis Factor (Ligand) Superfamily Member 8, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand 3A, CD30 Antigen Ligand, TNLG3A, CD153, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 8, TNFSF8, CD30 ligand.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
ADPQRTDSIP NSPDNVPLKG GNCSEDLLCI LKRAPFKKSW AYLQVAKHLN KTKLSWNKDG ILHGVRYQDG NLVIQFPGLY FIICQLQFLV QCPNNSVDLK LELLINKHIK KQALVTVCES GMQTKHVYQN LSQFLLDYLQ VNTTISVNVD TFQYIDTSTF PLENVLSIFL YSNSDHHHHH H.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Non-Metastatic Cells 2, Mouse Anti Human

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, NDPK-B, NDPKB, NM23-H2, NM23B, EC 2.7.4.6, NDP kinase B, C-myc purine-binding transcription factor PUF, NDK B, NME2, puf, MGC111212.

Product # :

ANT-706

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
NME2 takes an important part in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. NME2 negatively controls Rho activity by interacting with AKAP13/LBC. NME2 acts as a transcriptional activator of the MYC gene. NME2 binds DNA non-specifically. NME2 is a heterodimeric enzyme functioning as a nucleoside diphosphate kinase. NME1 and NME2 contain 152 amino acids, A and B polypeptide chains of the NM23 enzyme, respectively. NME2 is identical to the beta subunit of human erythrocyte NDP kinase. NDP kinases participate in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates, and NM23 is involved in the regulation of signal transduction by complexing with G proteins, causing activation/inactivation of developmental pathways.
Synonyms
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, NDPK-B, NDPKB, NM23-H2, NM23B, EC 2.7.4.6, NDP kinase B, C-myc purine-binding transcription factor PUF, NDK B, NME2, puf, MGC111212.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Immunogen
Anti-human NME2 mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant human NME2 amino acids 1-152 purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2b heavy chain and κ light chain.
Clone
PAT5F4AT.
Applications
NME2 antibody has been tested by ELISA and Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
NME2 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-A affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 Like Human Recombinant

Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-like, IBA2, FLJ12783, Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 2, C9orf58, chromosome 9 open reading frame 58, MGC29466.

Product # :

CYT-007

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Description

AIF1L produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 170 amino acids (1-150a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 19.2kDa.AIF1L is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

The AIF1L protein solution (1mg/1ml) is formulated in 20mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH8.0), 1mM DTT, 0.1mM NaCl and 20% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

sds-page

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Synonyms
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-like, IBA2, FLJ12783, Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 2, C9orf58, chromosome 9 open reading frame 58, MGC29466.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MSGELSNRFQ GGKAFGLLKA RQERRLAEIN REFLCDQKYS DEENLPEKLT AFKEKYMEFD LNNEGEIDLM SLKRMMEKLG VPKTHLEMKK MISEVTGGVS DTISYRDFVN MMLGKRSAVL KLVMMFEGKA NESSPKPVGP PPERDIASLP.
Background
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-Like Human Recombinant: Investigating its Role in Immune Responses and Potential Therapeutic Applications
1. Abstract
This paper seeks to provide an in-depth overview of Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1-Like Human Recombinant (AIF-1L), a significant protein involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. By delving into the structure, biological functions, and pathological implications of AIF-1L, we attempt to shed light on its potential as a therapeutic target in immune-mediated disorders.
2. Introduction
AIF-1L belongs to the allograft inflammatory factor protein family and is implicated in immune responses. With its intricate interaction with a multitude of immune cells and involvement in various inflammatory and immune-related diseases, it serves as a pivotal point of interest for therapeutic intervention research.
3. Structure and Signaling of AIF-1L
AIF-1L shares a conserved EF-hand calcium-binding motif with its counterpart AIF-1, suggesting similar calcium-dependent activities. While its signaling pathway remains largely elusive, the protein is believed to modulate macrophage activation, an integral part of immune response regulation.
4. Biological Functions of AIF-1L
AIF-1L is fundamentally involved in immune response modulation, especially in the context of macrophage activation. It plays key roles in managing inflammation, cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation.
5. AIF-1L in Disease Pathology
AIF-1L is linked with a range of inflammatory and immune-related disorders, including but not limited to rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and certain cancers. This association underscores its profound physiological relevance and potential as a therapeutic target.
6. Therapeutic Potential of AIF-1L
Given its central role in immune responses, AIF-1L presents a promising target for therapeutic strategies. Manipulating AIF-1L activity could pave the way for novel treatments of various inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases.
7. Conclusion and Future Perspectives
Though our comprehension of AIF-1L has made significant strides, there is still much terrain left to explore. Future research directed at the precise molecular mechanisms and pathological roles of AIF-1L will undoubtedly contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of AIF1L Protein?
AIF1L Protein has a total Mw of 19.2kDa.

What is the source or expression system of AIF1L Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of AIF1L Protein?
AIF1L Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of AIF1L Protein?
The biological functionality of AIF1L Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of AIF1L Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MSGELSNRFQ GGKAFGLLKA RQERRLAEIN REFLCDQKYS DEENLPEKLT AFKEKYMEFD LNNEGEIDLM SLKRMMEKLG VPKTHLEMKK MISEVTGGVS DTISYRDFVN MMLGKRSAVL KLVMMFEGKA NESSPKPVGP PPERDIASLP.

What applications can AIF1L Protein be used in?
AIF1L Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for AIF1L Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, AIF1L Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Glycoprotein Ib Platelet Subunit Beta Human Recombinant

GPIBB, glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit beta, BDPLT1,GP-Ib beta, BS, CD42C ,GPIbbeta, Antigen CD42b-beta, GPIb-beta, GPIbB, Platelet glycoprotein Ib beta chain.

Product # :

PRO-2774

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Description

GP1BB Human Recombinant is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain (26-147 a.a) containing a total of 131 amino acids, having a molecular mass of 14.0 kDa. GP1BB is fused to a 6 amino acid His-tag at C-terminus and is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

HEK293 Cells.

Formulation

The GP1BB solution (0.25mg/ml) contains 10% Glycerol and Phosphate-Buffered Saline (pH 7.4).

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Synonyms
GPIBB, glycoprotein Ib platelet subunit beta, BDPLT1,GP-Ib beta, BS, CD42C ,GPIbbeta, Antigen CD42b-beta, GPIb-beta, GPIbB, Platelet glycoprotein Ib beta chain.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
DGSCPAPCSC AGTLVDCGRR GLTWASLPTA FPVDTTELVL TGNNLTALPP GLLDALPALR TAHLGANPWR CDCRLVPLRA WLAGRPERAP YRDLRCVAPP ALRGRLLPYL AEDELRAACA PGPLCHHHHH H.
Background
Glycoprotein 1b beta (GP1BB) is a crucial component of the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex, playing a pivotal role in platelet function and hemostasis. This research aims to explore the structure, function, and implications of GP1BB protein in platelet adhesion, aggregation, and the development of thrombotic disorders. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and regulatory roles of GP1BB can provide valuable insights into its potential as a therapeutic target for thrombotic diseases.
Structure and Expression of GP1BB Protein:
GP1BB is a transmembrane protein consisting of an extracellular domain, a single transmembrane region, and a short cytoplasmic tail. It is predominantly expressed on the surface of platelets, where it interacts with von Willebrand factor (VWF) and other components of the glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex. GP1BB is crucial for mediating platelet adhesion to damaged endothelium and the formation of stable platelet aggregates at the site of injury.
GP1BB and Platelet Adhesion:
GP1BB interacts with VWF, which is exposed upon vascular injury. This interaction facilitates the initial attachment of platelets to the damaged endothelium. GP1BB also participates in the formation of high-affinity bonds between platelets and VWF, contributing to the stabilization of platelet adhesion and the initiation of platelet aggregation. Dysregulation of GP1BB-mediated platelet adhesion can lead to abnormal clot formation and thrombotic disorders.
Implications of GP1BB in Thrombotic Disorders:
Defects or mutations in the GP1BB gene can result in Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), a rare inherited bleeding disorder characterized by giant platelets, thrombocytopenia, and impaired platelet adhesion. BSS patients often experience excessive bleeding and bruising due to defective GP1BB function. On the other hand, abnormal activation or overexpression of GP1BB has been associated with increased risk of thrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
Therapeutic Strategies Targeting GP1BB:
Given its crucial role in platelet function and thrombotic disorders, GP1BB represents a potential target for therapeutic interventions. Strategies aimed at modulating GP1BB expression or function have been explored. This includes the development of monoclonal antibodies or small molecule inhibitors that selectively target GP1BB and interfere with its interaction with VWF or other binding partners. Such approaches aim to prevent excessive platelet adhesion and aggregation, reducing the risk of thrombotic events.
Challenges and Future Directions:
While targeting GP1BB shows promise, several challenges need to be addressed. The development of specific inhibitors or modulators of GP1BB that do not interfere with its physiological functions is crucial. Additionally, understanding the complex interplay between GP1BB and other platelet receptors and signaling pathways is essential for the development of effective therapeutic strategies.
Conclusion:
The study of GP1BB protein provides valuable insights into its central role in platelet adhesion, aggregation, and thrombotic disorders. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and functional implications of GP1BB opens avenues for the development of targeted therapies for thrombotic diseases. Further research on GP1BB protein, its interactions, and its modulation in pathological conditions will contribute to the development of novel therapeutic interventions to mitigate the risk of thrombotic events and improve patient outcomes.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Thrombopoietin Human Recombinant, CHO

MPL Ligand, THCYT1, MPLLG, TPO, ML, Thrombopoietin Nirs Variant 1, MKCSF, Thrombopoietin, Myeloproliferative Leukemia Virus Oncogene Ligand, Megakaryocyte Growth and Development Factor, Megakaryocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, C-Mpl Ligand, MGDF, Megakaryocyte Stimulating Factor, Prepro-Thrombopoietin.

Product # :

CYT-1070

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Description

Thrombopoietin Human Recombinant produced in CHO cells has a molecular weight range of 80-90kDa due to glycosylation. The TPO is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells.

Formulation

TPO protein solution contains phosphate buffered saline (pH7.4) and 2% albumin.

Purity

Greater than 98% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of MO7e cells corresponding to a specific activity of 3x10⁵ units/mg.

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Introduction
Thrombopoietin is a glycoprotein hormone produced mainly by the liver and the kidney which regulates the production of platelets by the bone marrow. TPO stimulates the production as well as differentiation of megakaryocytes, the bone marrow cells which fragment into large numbers of platelets.
Synonyms
MPL Ligand, THCYT1, MPLLG, TPO, ML, Thrombopoietin Nirs Variant 1, MKCSF, Thrombopoietin, Myeloproliferative Leukemia Virus Oncogene Ligand, Megakaryocyte Growth and Development Factor, Megakaryocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, C-Mpl Ligand, MGDF, Megakaryocyte Stimulating Factor, Prepro-Thrombopoietin.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered clear solution.
Stability
Thrombopoietin although stable at room temperature for 1 week, should be stored between 2-8°C.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Macrophage/Monocyte Chemotactic & Activating Factor, Mouse Anti-Human

Small inducible cytokine A2, CCL2, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1, MCP-1, Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor, MCAF, Monocyte secretory protein JE, HC11, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, MCP1, SCYA2, GDCF-2, SMC-CF, HSMCR30, MGC9434, GDCF-2 HC11.

Product # :

ANT-119

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Quantity :

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Shipped at Room temp

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Formulation

1mg/ml in PBS (after reconstitution) Shipping ConditionsAntibody is shipped lyophilized at ambient temperature.

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Introduction
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). It is found at the site of tooth eruption and bone degradation. In the bone, CCL2 is expressed by mature osteoclasts and osteoblasts and is under the control of nuclear factor ?B (NF?B). CCL2 recruits immune cells, such as monocytes, to sites of tissue injury and infection. This chemokine is produced as a protein precursor containing signal peptide of 23 amino acids and a mature peptide of 76 amino acids. It is a monomeric polypeptide, with a molecular weight of approximately 13kDa. As with many other CC chemokines, CCL2 is located on chromosome 17 in humans. The cell surface receptors that bind CCL2 are CCR2 and CCR5.
Synonyms
Small inducible cytokine A2, CCL2, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1, MCP-1, Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor, MCAF, Monocyte secretory protein JE, HC11, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, MCP1, SCYA2, GDCF-2, SMC-CF, HSMCR30, MGC9434, GDCF-2 HC11.
Solubility
Reconstitute with sterile H20. Mix gently, wash the sides of the vial and wait 30-60 seconds before use.
Immunogen
r.Human MCAF.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2a.
Clone
YNR-HMCAF.
Applications
Direct ELISA, Western Blot, Immuneprecipitation.
Note
MCAF does not bind to plastic as good as most proteins - use higher concentration for proper binding.
Titer
In direct ELISA, using alkaline phosphatase goat anti-mouse Ig (Jackson Laboratories) 1:5,000 dilution will give 0.3 O.D within 10 minutes.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
In lyophilized form, for long periods, store at 4oC in a dry environment. After reconstitution, if not intended for use within a month, aliquot and store at -20oC.
Purification Method
Ion exchange.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

IFN Regulatory Factor-1 Human Recombinant

IRF-1, IRF1, MAR.

Product # :

CYT-449

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Description

IRF1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 134 amino acids (1-114) with a His Tag of 20 aa, and having a molecular mass of 15 kDa.The IRF1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

1 mg/ml in 20mM Tris pH-8 and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
IRF1, IFN regulatory factor 1, is a member of the IFN regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family which regulates gene expression critical to immune response, hematopoiesis and proliferation. IRF-1 is a transcriptional activator for IFN-A, IFN-B, and IFN-G stimulated genes. IRF1 is also a tumor suppressor transcription factor inducing apoptosis of tumorigenic cell lines.
Synonyms
IRF-1, IRF1, MAR.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Liquid IRF1 although stable at 10°C for 1 week, should be stored below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MPITRMRMRP WLEMQINSNQ IPGLIWINKE EMIFQIPWKHAAKHGWDINK DACLFRSWAI HTGRYKAGEK EPDPKTWKAN FRCAMNSLPD IEEVKDQSRN KGSSAVRVYR MLPP.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of IRF1 HUMAN Protein?
IRF1 HUMAN Protein has a total Mw of XX15kDa.

What is the source or expression system of IRF1 HUMAN Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of IRF1 HUMAN Protein?
IRF1 HUMAN Protein is >90% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of IRF1 HUMAN Protein?
The biological functionality of IRF1 HUMAN Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of IRF1 HUMAN Protein?
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MPITRMRMRP WLEMQINSNQ IPGLIWINKE EMIFQIPWKHAAKHGWDINK DACLFRSWAI HTGRYKAGEK EPDPKTWKAN FRCAMNSLPD IEEVKDQSRN KGSSAVRVYR MLPP.

What applications can IRF1 HUMAN Protein be used in?
IRF1 HUMAN Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for IRF1 HUMAN Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, IRF1 HUMAN Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Activin-A, Polyclonal Rabbit Anti-Human Antibody

Inhba, Inhibin beta A, FSH releasing protein.

Product # :

ANT-029

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Shipped at Room temp

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Formulation

Lyophilized from a sterile filtered (0.2µm) solution containing phosphate buffered saline.

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Introduction
Activins are homodimers or heterodimers of the different β subunit isoforms, part of the TGFβ family. Mature Activin A has two 116 amino acids residues βA subunits (βA-βA). Activin displays an extensive variety of biological activities, including mesoderm induction, neural cell differentiation, bone remodelling, haematopoiesis, and reproductive physiology. Activins takes part in the production and regulation of hormones such as FSH, LH, GnRH and ACTH. Cells that are identified to express Activin A include fibroblasts, endothelial cells, hepatocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, macrophages, keratinocytes, osteoclasts, bone marrow monocytes, prostatic epithelium, neurons, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and ovarian granulosa cells.
Synonyms
Inhba, Inhibin beta A, FSH releasing protein.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Store at -20ºC. For long term storage freezes in working aliquots at -20ºC. Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended.
Solubility
Add 0.1 ml of distilled water and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely.
Immunogen
Recombinant human Activin-A produced in plants.
Applications
Activin-A antibody has been tested by ELISA and Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results. In order to detect Human Activin A by indirect ELISA a dilution of at least 1:1,000 of the Activin A antibody is required. Activin A antibody, in conjunction with compatible secondary reagents (anti rabbit AP conjugated), allows the detection of 0.2-1 ng /well of Human Activin A. In order to detect human Activin A by WB analysis this IgG can be used in a dilution of 1:1,000.
Neutralization
To yield one-half maximal inhibition (ND50) of the biological activity of Activin A (7.5ng/ml), a concentration of 60-200ng/ml of the Activin-A antibody is required.
Type
Polyclonal Rabbit Antibody.
Purification Method
Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on protein G.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Growth and Differentiation factor 7 Human Recombinant

Growth Differentiation Factor 7, GDF-7, Growth/Differentiation Factor 7, BMP12, GDF7.

Product # :

CYT-870

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Shipped at Room temp

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Description

GDF7 Human Recombinant (322-450) produced in E.Coli is a disulfide-linked homodimeric, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 129 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 28kDa.The GDF-7 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Escherichia Coli.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution in HCl.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED₅₀, as determined by inducing alkaline phosphatase production by mouse ATDC5 cells, is less than 1.25µg/ml.

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Introduction
Growth Differentiation Factor-7 (GDF-7) belongs to the BMP family of TGF-b superfamily proteins. GDF7 elicits its bioactivity via a heterodimeric receptor complex comprised of a type 1 (BMPR-IB) and a type II (BMPR-II or Activin RII) serine/threonine kinase receptor. GDF7 signaling results in the phosphorylation and activation of Smad proteins. GDF-7 is also involved in tendon and ligament formation and repair. In addition, GDF7 regulates bone formation, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, neuronal differentiation, and axon guidance.
Synonyms
Growth Differentiation Factor 7, GDF-7, Growth/Differentiation Factor 7, BMP12, GDF7.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized GDF7 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution GDF-7 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized GDF-7 in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
TALAGTRTAQ GSGGGAGRGH GRRGRSRCSR KPLHVDFKEL GWDDWIIAPL DYEAYHCEGL CDFPLRSHLE PTNHAIIQTL LNSMAPDAAP ASCCVPARLS PISILYIDAA NNVVYKQYED MVVEACGCR.
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of GDF7 Protein?
GDF7 Protein has a total Mw of 28kDa.

What is the source or expression system of GDF7 Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of GDF7 Protein?
GDF7 Protein is >95% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of GDF7 Protein?
The ED50, as determined by inducing alkaline phosphatase production by mouse ATDC5 cells, is less than 1.25µg/ml.

What is the amino acid sequence of GDF7 Protein?
TALAGTRTAQ GSGGGAGRGH GRRGRSRCSR KPLHVDFKEL GWDDWIIAPL DYEAYHCEGL CDFPLRSHLE PTNHAIIQTL LNSMAPDAAP ASCCVPARLS PISILYIDAA NNVVYKQYED MVVEACGCR.

What applications can GDF7 Protein be used in?
GDF7 Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for GDF7 Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, GDF7 Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 2 Human Recombinant, HEK

Transforming growth factor, beta 2, cetermin, Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, polyergin, G-TSF, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta-2, transforming growth factor beta-2, BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor, TGFB-2.

Product # :

CYT-112

Price :

Quantity :

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Shipped at Room temp

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Description

TGF-b 2 Human Recombinant produced in HEK cells is a non-glycosylated homodimer, having a total molecular weight of 25kDa.The TGF-b 2 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

HEK.

Formulation

TGF-b 2 was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution containing 50mM sodium acetate pH 4.5.

Purity

Greater than 95% as obsereved by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The specific activity was determined by the dose-dependent inhibition of IL-4 induced proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells (BALB/c spleen activated by sheep erythrocytes in the presence of IL-2), the ED₅₀ is 0.16ng/ml.

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Introduction
TGFB2 is a 27.08 kDa protein having two identical 118 amino acid peptide chains linked by a single disulfide bond. TGFB2 is part of a family of five related cytokines that have an extensive variation of normal and neoplastic cells, indicating the importance of these homo-dimmer proteins as multi-functional regulators of cellular activity. The three mammalian isoforms of TGF-beta (TGFb1, TGFb2 and TGFb3) signal through the same receptor and stimulate similar biological responses. They are involved in physiological processes as embryogenesis, tissue remodelling and wound healing.
Synonyms
Transforming growth factor, beta 2, cetermin, Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, polyergin, G-TSF, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta-2, transforming growth factor beta-2, BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor, TGFB-2.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized TGF-b 2 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution TGF-b 2 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized TGF-b 2 in sterile solution containing 20% ethanol, 50mM sodium acetate and 75mM acetic acid.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

N-Acetyltransferase 6, Mouse Anti Human

Protein fusion-2, FUS2, FUS-2, NAT6, N-acetyltransferase 6, Protein fus-2.

Product # :

ANT-395

Price :

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Shipped with Ice Packs

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, & 0.1% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
NAT6 is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA to acrylamines. NAT6 is located mainly in the cytoplasm and its activity has been recognized by its feasibility to acetylate the N-terminus of proteins using a ping-pong-like mechanism and by its substrate specificity. Given that the NAT6 gene maps to the chromosomal region 3p21.3, which includes at least one tumor suppressor gene, the function of NAT6 plays an important role in cancer.
Synonyms
Protein fusion-2, FUS2, FUS-2, NAT6, N-acetyltransferase 6, Protein fus-2.
Immunogen
Anti-human NAT6 mAb is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant human NAT6 amino acids 1-308 purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG1 heavy chain and κ light chain.
Clone
PAT2F4AT.
Applications
NAT6 antibody has been tested by ELISA and Western blot analysis to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results. Recommended dilution range for Western blot and Immunofluorescence analysis is 1:500 ~ 1000. Recommended starting dilution is 1:500.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
NAT6 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Placental Growth Factor-2 Human Recombinant, CHO

PIGF, PGF, PlGF-2, PLGF-2.

Product # :

CYT-868

Price :

Quantity :

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Shipped at Room temp

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Description

PLGF2 Human Recombinant (19-170 a.a.) produced in CHO is a disulfide-linked homodimeric, glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 152 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 33kDa.The PLGF-2 Human Recombinant protein is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO).

Formulation

PLGF-2 protein was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered solution in HCl.

Purity

Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The ED₅₀, as measured in a cell proliferation assay using MDA?MB?231 cells is less than 10µg/ml.

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Introduction
PLGF is a growth factor active in angiogenesis, and endothelial cell growth, stimulating their proliferation and migration. It binds to receptor vegfr-1/flt1.
PLGF-2 binds neuropilin-1 and 2 in a heparin-dependent manner.
Synonyms
PIGF, PGF, PlGF-2, PLGF-2.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized PLGF-2 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution PLGF2 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized PLGF2 at 200µg/ml in PBS, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
LPAVPPQQWA LSAGNGSSEV EVVPFQEVWG RSYCRALERL VDVVSEYPSE VEHMFSPSCV SLLRCTGCCG DENLHCVPVE TANVTMQLLK IRSGDRPSYV ELTFSQHVRC ECRPLREKMK PERRRPKGRG KRRREKQRPT DCHLCGDAVP RR.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2, Mouse Anti Human

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2, Adipose triglyceride lipase, Desnutrin Transport-secretion protein 2, TTS2.2, Calcium-independent phospholipase A2, IPLA2-zeta Pigment epithelium-derived factor, TTS2, PNPLA2, ATGL, PEDF-R, FP17548, TTS-2.2, DKFZp667M109, 1110001C14Rik.

Product # :

ANT-684

Price :

Quantity :

Shipping Method :

Shipped with Ice Packs

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Formulation

1mg/ml containing PBS, pH-7.4, 10% Glycerol and 0.02% Sodium Azide.

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Introduction
PNPLA2 is an enzyme which catalyzes the first step in the hydrolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue. Mutations in the PNPLA2 gene are linked to neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy.
Synonyms
Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2, Adipose triglyceride lipase, Desnutrin Transport-secretion protein 2, TTS2.2, Calcium-independent phospholipase A2, IPLA2-zeta Pigment epithelium-derived factor, TTS2, PNPLA2, ATGL, PEDF-R, FP17548, TTS-2.2, DKFZp667M109, 1110001C14Rik.
Physical Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Immunogen
Anti-human PNPLA2 mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse F0 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with a recombinant human PNPLA2 protein 30-504 amino acids purified from E. coli.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2b heavy chain and k light chain.
Clone
PAT18E6AT.
Applications
PNPLA2 antibody has been tested by ELISA, Western blot analysis, Flow cytometry and ICC/IF to assure specificity and reactivity. Since application varies, however, each investigation should be titrated by the reagent to obtain optimal results.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
For periods up to 1 month store at 4°C, for longer periods of time, store at -20°C. Prevent freeze thaw cycles.
Purification Method
PNPLA2 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-A affinity chromatography.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Epidermal Growth Factor Rat

Urogastrone, URG, EGF.

Product # :

CYT-556

Price :

Quantity :

Shipping Method :

Shipped at Room temp

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Description

Epidermal Growth Factor Rat purified from submandibular gland is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain having a molecular mass of 6.15 kDa.The EGF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Adult Male Rat Submandibular Glands.

Formulation

The protein was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) solution containing 0.01M sodium acetate buffer.

Purity

Greater than 99.0% as determined by(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

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Introduction
Epidermal growth factor has a profound effect on the differentiation of specific cells in vivo and is a potent mitogenic factor for a variety of cultured cells of both ectodermal and mesodermal origin. The EGF precursor is believed to exist as a membrane-bound molecule which is proteolytically cleaved to generate the 53-amino acid peptide hormone that stimulates cells to divide.
EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture.
Synonyms
Urogastrone, URG, EGF.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized Epidermal Growth Factor Recombinant although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution EGF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized Epidermal Growth Factor in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Background
Illuminating Epidermal Growth Factor Rat Recombinant: Deciphering Cellular Signaling and Therapeutic Potential
Abstract:
This research paper delves into the enigmatic realm of Epidermal Growth Factor Rat Recombinant (EGF-RR), unraveling its intricate molecular attributes, signaling cascades, and therapeutic prospects. By employing cutting-edge methodologies encompassing protein expression, receptor binding assays, and bioinformatics analyses, this study sheds light on the multifaceted interplay between EGF-RR and cellular responses, offering novel avenues for therapeutic interventions.
Introduction:
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is pivotal in cellular regulation. This paper navigates the complexities of Epidermal Growth Factor Rat Recombinant (EGF-RR), focusing on its unique molecular properties and potential therapeutic applications.
Protein Expression and Purification:
The study embarks on precise gene optimization to enhance EGF-RR expression. Purification techniques like affinity chromatography yield purified EGF-RR, primed for subsequent analyses.
Receptor Binding Assays and Ligand Interaction:
Employing advanced receptor binding assays, the paper deciphers EGF-RR's engagement with its cognate receptor. Quantitative assessments uncover binding kinetics, shedding light on the intricacies of EGF-RR's molecular interaction.
Cellular Signaling Pathways and Responses:
In vitro cellular assays unveil the signaling cascades ignited by EGF-RR. Through quantitative phosphoproteomic profiling, the study unravels phosphorylation events triggered by EGF-RR, delineating its role in cellular proliferation, migration, and differentiation.
Bioinformatics Insights and Structural Modeling:
Bioinformatics tools facilitate molecular dynamics simulations, offering insights into EGF-RR's receptor interactions and downstream signaling pathways. Structural modeling captures EGF-RR's conformational changes during signaling cascades.
Therapeutic Implications and Future Prospects:
EGF-RR's intricate signaling dynamics open avenues for therapeutic exploration. Harnessing its potential in wound healing, tissue regeneration, and cancer modulation emerges as a promising avenue for precision medicine.
Challenges and Future Directions:
Challenges, including context-specific responses, beckon further investigation. Future research should delve into cross-talk between signaling pathways and EGF-RR's contributions to diverse disease contexts.
Conclusion:
A fusion of advanced methodologies and visionary insights unveils Epidermal Growth Factor Rat Recombinant as an intriguing subject. Its molecular intricacies and complex cellular interplay ignite prospects for therapeutic breakthroughs, ushering in a new era of precision medicine.
What is the molecular weight/Mw of EGF RAT Protein?
EGF RAT Protein has a total Mw of 6.15kDa.

What is the source or expression system of EGF RAT Protein?
Adult Male Rat Submandibular Glands.

What is the Purity of EGF RAT Protein?
EGF RAT Protein is >99% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of EGF RAT Protein?
The biological functionality of EGF RAT Protein will be determined in the future.

What is the amino acid sequence of EGF RAT Protein?
EGF RAT Protein is composed from 53 amino acids.

What applications can EGF RAT Protein be used in?
EGF RAT Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for EGF RAT Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, EGF RAT Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Interleukin-4, Mouse Anti-Human

BCGF, BCDF, B cell stimulating factor, BSF-1, Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1, IL-4, MGC79402, Binetrakin, Pitrakinra.

Product # :

ANT-107

Price :

Quantity :

Shipping Method :

Shipped at Room temp

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formulation
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Formulation

1mg/ml in PBS (after reconstitution).

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Introduction
IL4 is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T cells. IL4 is a ligand for interleukin 4 receptor. The interleukin 4 receptor also binds to IL13, which may contribute to many overlapping functions of this cytokine and IL13. STAT6, a signal transducer and activator of transcription, has been shown to play a central role in mediating the immune regulatory signal of this cytokine. This gene, IL3, IL5, IL13, and CSF2 form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 5q, with this gene particularly close to IL13. IL4, IL13 and IL5 are found to be regulated coordinately by several long-range regulatory elements in an over 120 kilobase range on the chromosome. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.
Synonyms
BCGF, BCDF, B cell stimulating factor, BSF-1, Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1, IL-4, MGC79402, Binetrakin, Pitrakinra.
Solubility
Reconstitute with sterile H20. Mix gently, wash the sides of the vial and wait 30-60 seconds before use.
Immunogen
r.Human IL-4.
Ig Subclass
Mouse IgG2a Purification MethodIon exchange.
Clone
NYRhIL4.
Titer
In direct ELISA, using alkaline phosphatase goat anti-mouse Ig (Jackson Laboratories) 1:10,000 dilution will give 0.3 O.D.
Shipping Conditions
Antibody is shipped lyophilized at ambient temperature.
Type
Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal.
Storage Procedures
In lyophilized form, for long periods, store at 4oC in a dry environment. After reconstitution, if not intended for use within a month, aliquot and store at -20oC.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 D4 Human Recombinant

FLT-1, FLT1, Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT, Flt-1, Tyrosine-protein kinase FRT, Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1, VEGFR-1.

Product # :

PKA-235

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Shipped at Room temp

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Description

Soluble FLT1 D1-4 Human Recombinant produced in baculovirus is monomeric, glycosylated, polypeptide containing 457 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 55 kDa. The soluble receptor protein contains only the first 4 extracellular domains, which contain all the information necessary for binding of VEGF.The VEGFR1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

Insect Cells.

Formulation

FLT1 D1-4 was lyophilized from a concentrated (1mg/ml) sterile solution containing no additives.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by(a)Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b)Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The activity of FLT1D1-4 was determined by its ability to abolish the binding of iodinated VEGF to solid surfaces or cell surfaces, and in Far-Western and cross-linking experiments with iodinated VEGF.

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Introduction
Endothelial cells express three different vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, belonging to the family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). They are named VEGFR-1 (Flt-1), VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1), VEGFR-3 (Flt-4). Their expression is almost exclusively restricted to endothelial cells, but VEGFR-1 can also be found on monocytes, dendritic cells and on trophoblast cells. The flt-1 gene was first described in 1990. The receptor contains seven immunoglobulin-like extracellular domains, a single transmembrane region and an intracellular splited tyrosine kinase domain. Compared to VEGFR-2 the Flt-1 receptor has a higher affinity for VEGF but a weaker signaling activity. VEGFR-1 thus leads not to proliferation of endothelial cells, but mediates signals for differentiation. Interestingly a naturally occuring soluble variant of VEGFR-1 (sVEGFR-1) was found in HUVE supernatants in 1996, which is generated by alternative splicing of the flt-1 mRNA. The biological functions of sVEGFR-1 still are not clear, but it seems to be an endogenous regulator of angiogenesis, binding VEGF with the same affinity as the full-length receptor.
Synonyms
FLT-1, FLT1, Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT, Flt-1, Tyrosine-protein kinase FRT, Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1, VEGFR-1.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized FLT-1 although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution FLT1 should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized FLT1 D4 in sterile water not less than 100 µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

BAFF (BLyS) Human Recombinant, Plant

BAFF, BLYS, CD257, TALL1, THANK, ZTNF4, TALL-1, TNFSF20, TNFSF13B, B-cell Activating Factor.

Product # :

CYT-054

Price :

Quantity :

Shipping Method :

Shipped at Room temp

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source
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Description

BAFF human Recombinant produced in Nicotiana benthamiana plant is a single glycosilated polypeptide chain containing 151 amino acids fragment (134-285).BAFF (C830H1277N223O242S5) is fused to a 10-His-tag at the N-terminal having the total molecular mass of 18-20kDa and purified by standard chromatographic techniques.

Source

Nicotiana benthamiana plant

Formulation

Lyophilized from 1mg/ml solution in 20 mM PBS buffer pH 7 and 0.2 M NaCl.

Purity

Greater than 97.0% as determined by Analysis by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

The activity is determined by dose-dependent stimulation of proliferation B cell from Human PBMC. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT method.
*activity results may vary with PBMC donors.
ED50 ? 50ng/ml

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Introduction
BAFF binds to tnfrsf13b/taci and tnfrsf17/bcma. Tnfsf13/april binds to the same 2 receptors, together, they form a 2 ligands -2 receptors pathway involved in the stimulation of b- and t-cell function and the regulation of humoral immunity.A third b-cell specific baff-receptor (baffr/br3) promotes the survival of mature b-cells and the b-cell response.
B Lymphocyte Stimulator functions as a potent B-cell growth factor in costimulation assays.
Administration of BAFF Human recombinant to mice disrupts splenic B-cell and T-cell zones and results in elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin.
Synonyms
BAFF, BLYS, CD257, TALL1, THANK, ZTNF4, TALL-1, TNFSF20, TNFSF13B, B-cell Activating Factor.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Stability
Lyophilized BAFF although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution BAFF should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Solubility
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized BAFF in sterile 18M-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Amino Acid Sequence
HHHHHHHHHH AVQGPEETVT QDCLQLIADS ETPTIQKGSY TFVPWLLSFK RGSALEEKEN KILVKETGYF FIYGQVLYTD KTYAMGHLIQ RKKVHVFGDE LSLVTLFRCI QNMPETLPNN SCYSAGIAKL EEGDELQLAI PRENAQISLD GDVTFFGALK LL
Background
What is the molecular weight/Mw of BLYS Protein?
BLYS Protein has a total Mw of 19kDa.

What is the source or expression system of BLYS Protein?
Escherichia Coli.

What is the Purity of BLYS Protein?
BLYS Protein is >97% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE.

What is the Biological Activity of BLYS Protein?
The activity is determined by dose-dependent stimulation of proliferation B cell from Human PBMC. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT method.

What is the amino acid sequence of BLYS Protein?
HHHHHHHHHH AVQGPEETVT QDCLQLIADS ETPTIQKGSY TFVPWLLSFK RGSALEEKEN KILVKETGYF FIYGQVLYTD KTYAMGHLIQ RKKVHVFGDE LSLVTLFRCI QNMPETLPNN SCYSAGIAKL EEGDELQLAI PRENAQISLD GDVTFFGALK LL

What applications can BLYS Protein be used in?
BLYS Protein can probably be used in western blot, ELISA and Lateral Flow.

What is the endotoxin level for BLYS Protein?
The endotoxin level is minimal, BLYS Protein was purified using conventional chromatography techniques.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

Description:

Placental Growth Factor-1 Human Recombinant

PIGF, PGF, PLGF-1.

Product # :

CYT-1227

Price :

Quantity :

Shipping Method :

Shipped with Ice Packs

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Description

PLGF1 Human Recombinant produced in HEK293 cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (a.a 19-149) containing 137 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15.5kDa. PLGF1 is fused to a 6 amino acid His tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Source

HEK293 cells.

Formulation

PLGF1 protein (0.5mg/ml) contains Phosphate-Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) and 10% glycerol.

Purity

Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Biological Activity

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA with Human VEGFR1/Flt-1.

More Info

Synonyms
PIGF, PGF, PLGF-1.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Stability
Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA). Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Amino Acid Sequence
LPAVPPQQWA LSAGNGSSEV EVVPFQEVWG RSYCRALERL VDVVSEYPSE VEHMFSPSCV SLLRCTGCCG DENLHCVPVE TANVTMQLLK IRSGDRPSYV ELTFSQHVRC ECRPLREKMK PERCGDAVPR RHHHHHH.
Background
Implications in Pathological Angiogenesis:
While PLGF1 is essential for normal vascular development, dysregulation of its expression is associated with pathological angiogenesis. In conditions such as cancer, PLGF1 can contribute to the formation of abnormal blood vessels that support tumor growth and metastasis. Investigations involving PLGF1 Human Recombinant provide insights into the mechanisms by which PLGF1 contributes to pathological angiogenesis, offering potential targets for anti-angiogenic therapies.
Challenges and Future Directions:
While the potential of PLGF1 Human Recombinant in understanding angiogenesis is evident, challenges persist. Fine-tuning its applications, understanding its interactions with other angiogenic factors, and deciphering the context-dependent nature of its functions are critical considerations for translational success. Additionally, developing strategies to selectively target PLGF1 in pathological conditions without compromising its physiological roles poses a challenge in the pursuit of therapeutic interventions.
PLGF1 Human Recombinant stands at the forefront of angiogenesis research, offering a controlled platform for scientific exploration. Its structural insights, angiogenic signaling functions, and implications in both physiological and pathological contexts position it as a key player in the evolving landscape of vascular biology. As researchers continue to delve into the molecular intricacies of PLGF1, they not only enhance our understanding of angiogenesis but also pave the way for transformative advancements in vascular-targeted therapies, shaping the future of precision medicine and anti-angiogenic interventions.

ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

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