Search results

Melanoregulin (MREG) takes part in membrane fusion and in regulating the biogenesis of disk membranes of photoreceptor rods. MREG is expressed in photoreceptor cells as two isoforms as a result of alternative splicing. MREG interacts with Peripherin-2, a photoreceptor specific tetraspanin protein which is required to preserve normal cell structure during the renewal process of membrane fusion. Moreover, MREG plays a part in the incorporation of pigments into hair.

Microseminoprotein is a member of the immunoglobulin binding factor family. It is synthesized by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland and secreted into the seminal plasma. This protein has inhibin-like activity. It may have a role as an autocrine paracrine factor in uterine, breast and other female reproductive tissues. The expression of the encoded protein is found to be decreased in prostate cancer. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms are described for this gene. The use of alternate polyadenylation sites has been found for this gene.

Metallothionein 3 (MT3) contains 3 zinc and 3 copper atoms per polypeptide chain and a minor amount of cadmium. MT3 inhibits survival and neurite formation of cortical neurons in vitro. MT3 also binds heavy metals.

MAEA is a 396aa widely expressed adhesion protein which has 5 alternatively spliced isoforms. MAEA holds one CTLH domain and one LisH domain. MAEA forms a complex with F-actin, which takes part in regulating actin distribution in erythroblasts and macrophages and is known to assist in cell division and nuclear architecture. MAEA is confined with condensed chromatin at prophase, nuclear spindle poles at metaphase and in the contractile ring throughout cytokinesis phase and telophase.

WIBG is a cooperateing partner of Mago-Y14. The Mago-Y14 heterodimer is a key protein of the EJC(exon junction complex) that is deposited on mRNAs as a consequence of splicing and influences postsplicing mRNA metabolism. WIBG is a cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that is excluded from the nucleus by Crm1. WIBG relates directly with Mago-Y14 by means of its N-terminal domain.

Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta isoform 1 (GDI2) is a member of the GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) family. GDI proteins can bind and release GDP-bound Rab proteins from membranes. GDI1 interacts with virtually all of the Rab proteins, whereas GDI2 interacts with Rabll but not Rab3A. GDI2 distributes ubiquitously, presenting a membrane bound location in perinuclear regions of cells.

Leptin is a protein hormone with important effects in regulating body weight, metabolism and reproductive function. The protein is approximately~16 kDa in mass and encoded by the obese (ob)gene. leptin is expressed predominantly by adipocytes, which fits with the idea that body weight is sensed as the total mass of fat in the body. Smaller amounts of leptin are also secreted by cellsin the epithelium of the stomach and in the placenta. Leptin receptors are highly expressed in areas of the hypothalamus known to be important in regulating body weight, as well as in T lymphocytes and vascular endothelial cells.

DENR takes part in the translation of target mRNAs by scanning and recognizing the initiation codon. DENR protein is involved in the intonation of the translational profile of a subset of cancer-related mRNAs when engaged to the translational initiation complex by the oncogene MCTS1.

HRAS is part of the Ras oncogene family, whose members are related to the transforming genes of mammalian sarcoma retroviruses. The products encoded by these genes participate in signal transduction pathways. These proteins can bind GTP and GDP, and they have intrinsic GTPase activity. HRAS go trough a continuous cycle of de- and re-palmitoylation, which mediates its rapid exchange between the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. Mutations in HRAS result in Costello syndrome, a disease characterized by increased growth at the prenatal stage, growth deficiency at the postnatal stage, predisposition to tumor formation, mental retardation, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities, distinctive facial appearance and cardiovascular abnormalities. Defects in this HRAS gene are implicated in a range of cancers, including bladder cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

DR1 is a phosphoprotein that inhibits both basal and activated levels of transcription. DR1 is phosphorylated in vivo which affects its interaction with TBP. DR1 has a histone fold motif at the amino terminus, a TBP-binding domain, and a glutamine- and alanine-rich region. By selectively repressing polymerases II and III, DR1 alters the physiological balance of transcriptional output in favor of polymerase I.

Syntaxin-1, synaptobrevin, and SNAP25 cooperate to form the SNARE complex, which is needed for synaptic vesicle docking and fusion SNPH is a neuron-specific protein originally characterized as a binding partner of syntaxin-1. SNPH participates with SNAP25 for the binding to Syntaxin-1 and prevents the construction of the SNARE core complex, thus manageling free syntaxin-1 availability for the assembly of the SNARE complex and potentially regulating synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Expression Syntaphilin appears to be brain-specific. SNPH is an inhibitor of both SNARE-based fusion and dynamin-mediated endocytosis.

Impact RWD Domain Protein (IMPACT) is a member of the IMPACT family which is comprised of 1 RWD domain. IMPACT is a translational regulator which certifies constant high levels of translation under amino acid starvation. IMPACT interacts with GCN1/GCN1L1, thus preventing activation of GCN2 protein kinases (EIF2AK1 to 4) and subsequent down-regulation of protein synthesis. IMPACT is highly expressed especially in brain.

KISS1 is a metastasis suppressor protein that suppresses metastases of melanomas and breast carcinomas without affecting tumorigenicity.KISS1 functions to inhibit chemotaxis and invasion, attenuating metastasis in malignant melanomas. KISS1 is involved in the regulation of cell-matrix adhesion. KISS1 plays a role in cytoskeletal reorganization. A polymorphism in the terminal exon of KISS1 mRNA results in two protein isoforms. Expression of KiSS1 is localized to specific regions of the hypothalamus in numerous species and is regulated by gonadal steroids and across the estrous cycle..KISS1 generates a c-terminally amidated peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the g-protein coupled receptor gpr54. Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis.

CRCP is a ubiquitous coupling protein for the calcitonin gene-related peptide and adrenomedullin receptors. CRCP controls ligand sensitivity in several tissues and has DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity, catalytic activity and calcitonin receptor activity.

YY1 Transcription Factor, also known as YY1, is a part of the GLI-Kruppel class of zinc finger proteins. YY1 has a positive and negative effect on a various cellular and viral genes by binding to sites overlapping the transcription start site. YY1 leads histone deacetylases and histone acetyltransferases to a promoter in order to activate or repress the promoter.

SEMA3C, also known as Semaphorin 3C, is a member of the semaphorin family 3 that are grouped into 8 major classes based on phylogenetic tree analyses and structure. Class 3 have an important function after traumatic central nervous system injuries. SEMA3C regulates neuronal and non-neuronal cells associated with the traumatic injury due to their presence in the scar tissue. SEMA3C is expressed in all somatic motor neurons, in cardiac neural crest cells during development and in lung buds. The SEMA3C functions are mediated through binding to the Plexin-D1 and Neuropilin 1 or Neuropilin 2 coreceptor complex. SEMA3C activates integrins in certain cells, so besides its repulsive activities, it also acts as a chemoattractant.

WHSC2 (NELF-A) is a protein factor required for DRB-sensitive transcription. WHSC2 is one of the 5 components of the multisubunit NELF complex which cooperates with DSIF to repress RNA polymerase II elongation. The Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a multiple malformation syndrome characterized by mental and developmental defects resulting from a hemizygous deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4 (4p16.3).

P4HB is a multifunctional and highly abundant enzyme that is part of the protein disulfide isomerase family. When present as a tetramer consisting of two alpha and two beta subunits, P4HB has a role in hydroxylation of prolyl residues in preprocollagen. P4HB is a disulfide isomerase containing two thioredoxin domains that catalyze the formation, breakage and rearrangement of disulfide bonds.

Follistatin is a single-chain gonadal protein that specifically inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone release. The single FST gene encodes two isoforms, FST317 and FST344 containing 317 and 344 amino acids respectively, resulting from alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA. In a study in which 37 candidate genes were tested for linkage and association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or hyperandrogenemia in 150 families, evidence was found for linkage between PCOS and follistatin. Follistatin binds directly to activin and functions as an activin antagonist. specific inhibitor of the biosynthesis and secretion of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (fsh).

ARP3 Actin-Related Protein 3, also known as ACTR3, belongs to the actin family. The specific function of ACTR3 has not been established yet. On the other hand, ACTR3 is identified as being a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex. In addition, this complex is located at the cell surface and vital to cell shape & motility through lamellipodial actin assembly and protrusion. 3 transcript variants encoding 2 different isoforms have been discovered for ACTR3.

Developmentally-regulated GTP-binding protein 1 (DRG1) is a member of the GTP1/OBG family. DRG1 has a role in cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as in apoptosis, proposing a role in tumor formation and metastasis. Expression of the DRG1 was considerably reduced in breast tumor cells, particularly in patients with lymph node or bone metastasis as compared to those with localized breast cancer. The DRG1 protein is expressed at high levels in the heart, kidney and skeletal muscle and at lower levels in the brain, liver, placenta, lung, colon and spleen.

ASCC1 is a subunit of the triggering signal cointegrator 1 (ASC-1) complex which is a transcriptional coactivator. ASC-1 complex takes a vital part in gene transactivation using various transcription factors such as activating protein 1 (AP-1), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) and serum response factor (SRF). ASCC1 has an N-terminal KH-type RNA-binding motif, essential for AP-1 transactivation by the ASC-1 complex. Alterations in ASCC1 result in Barrett esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

ETF is a heterodimer composed of alpha and beta subunit. ETFB protein is electron-transfer-flavoprotein, beta polypeptide that transports electrons between primary flavoprotein dehydrogenases involved in mitochondrial fatty acid and amino acid catabolism and the membrane-bound electron transfer flavoprotein ubiquinone oxidoreductase.

Transcriptional adapter 3 (TATD3) is a subunit of 2 histone acetyltransferase complexes, which functions as a component of the PCAF complex. TATD3 is a transcriptional activator adaptor that is also associates with the tumor suppressor protein p53 and is essential for full activity of p53 and p53-mediated apoptosis.