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SLAM family member 6 (SLAMF6) is a member of the SLAM family of immune cell receptors. SLAMF6 is a unique receptor on T cells which, when triggered potentiates T cell expansion in a CD28-independent manner. SLAMF6 has a high expression on NK-, T-, and B cells. SLAMF6 exhibits homotypic interactions and can connect with adaptor molecules such as SAP to alter immune cell function.

SLAM family member 6 (SLAMF6) is a member of the SLAM family of immune cell receptors. SLAMF6 is a unique receptor on T cells which, when triggered potentiates T cell expansion in a CD28-independent manner. SLAMF6 has a high expression on NK-, T-, and B cells. SLAMF6 exhibits homotypic interactions and can connect with adaptor molecules such as SAP to alter immune cell function.

SLAMF7 belongs to the CS2 family of cell surface receptors. SLAMF7 is a single-pass type 1 membrane protein, SLAMF7 Isoform 1 mediates NK cell activation via aSH2D1A-independent extracellular signal-regulated ERK-mediated pathway. SLAMF7 functions in lymphocyteadhesion. Furthermore, SLAMF7 can exert activating of inhibitory influences on cells of the immune system depending on cellular context as well as the availability of effector proteins.

SLAMF1 is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and is involved in T-cell stimulation. The SLAMF1 protein is constitutively expressed on peripheral blood memory T cells, T-cell clones, immature thymocytes, and a fraction of B cells, and is swiftly induced on naive T cells after activation. There are probably 2 modes of SLAM signaling: one in which the inhibitor SH2D1A serves as a negative regulator and another in which protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C (PTPN11)-dependent signal transduction functions.

SLAMF1 is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and is involved in T-cell stimulation. The SLAMF1 protein is constitutively expressed on peripheral blood memory T cells, T-cell clones, immature thymocytes, and a fraction of B cells, and is swiftly induced on naive T cells after activation. There are probably 2 modes of SLAM signaling: one in which the inhibitor SH2D1A serves as a negative regulator and another in which protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C (PTPN11)-dependent signal transduction functions.

Lymphocyte Antigen 9, also known as LY9 is a member of the SLAM family of immunomodulatory receptors, LY9 interacts with the adaptor molecule SAP . LY9 plays a part in adhesion reactions between T lymphocytes and accessory cells via homophilic interaction. LY9 promotes T-cell differentiation into a helper T-cell Th17 phenotype which leads to increased IL-17 secretion; the costimulatory activity requires SH2D1A. Furthermore it also promotes recruitment of RORC to the IL-17 promoter. LY9 is implicated in the maintenance of peripheral cell tolerance through serving as a negative regulator of the immune response. LY9 disables autoantibody responses as well as inhibits IFN-gamma secretion by CD4(+) T-cells. Moreover, LY9 negatively regulate the size of thymic innate CD8(+) T-cells and the development of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is one of the diseases which are associated with LY9.

Cluster of Differentiation 244 (CD244/Natural Killer Cell Receptor 2B4) contains 2 Ig-like (immunoglobulin-like) domains. CD244 is a cell surface receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells (and some T cells) which mediate non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted killing. NK-cell and target cells interaction via the CD244 receptor is believed to modulate NK-cell cytolytic activity. CD244 molecules function in eosinophil adhesion and chemotaxis, and have a role in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis (AR).

CD48, is a GPI-linked protein which belongs to the CD2 family of immunoglobulin superfamily molecules. CD48 is capable to transduce signals and can likewise trigger signaling through CD2 or 2B4. CD48 to CD2 interactions advocate T cell activation and class replacing to IgG2a in B cells. In addition, high affinity of CD48 to 2B4, interactions may either promote or inhibit NK cell as well as cytotoxic T cell (CTL) activation. CD48 does not contain a transmembrane domain, though it is held at the cell surface by a GPI anchor through a C-terminal domain which possibly split to produce a soluble form of the receptor.

CD84 belongs to the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family which forms a subset of the greater CD2 cell-surface receptor Ig superfamily. CD84, a membrane glycoprotein, is a homophilic adhesion molecule found in various immune cells types and takes part in regulating receptor-mediated signaling in those cells.

CD84 belongs to the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family which forms a subset of the greater CD2 cell-surface receptor Ig superfamily. CD84, a membrane glycoprotein, is a homophilic adhesion molecule found in various immune cells types and takes part in regulating receptor-mediated signaling in those cells.

FAM3B Protein induces apoptosis of alpha and beta cells in a quantity and time dependent way.

FAM50A is a member of the FAM50 family. FAM50A is highly conserved in length and sequence among numerous species. FAM50A is a basic protein comprised of a nuclear localization signal, and can function as a DNA-binding protein or a transcriptional factor. FAM50A expressed in all tissues mainly abundant in fetal brain, liver and kidney. High levels of FAM50A were observed in the adult's skeletal muscle, spleen, thymus, prostate and the small intestine.

TRAF Family Member-Associated NFKB Activator (TANK) is located in the cytoplasm and binds Either TRAF1, TRAF2 or TRAF3. TANK is an inhibitor of TRAF function which regulates TRAF protein activity via sequestering TRAFs in a dormant position in the cytoplasm. Overexpression of TANK, inhibits TRAF2-mediated NF-Kappa-B activation signaled by CD40 and both TNF receptors and also inhibits LMP1-mediated NFkappa-B activation by blocking the connection of TRAF2 with LMP1.

Ro 60 kDa autoantigen is an RNA-binding protein that binds to several small cytoplasmic RNA molecules known as Y RNAs. SSA2 may stabilize these RNAs from degradation. Sera taken from patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) often contains antibodies that react with the normal cellular SSA2 protein as if this antigen was foreign.

Family with Sequence Similarity 49, Member B (FAM49B) is a member of the FAM49 family. In the latest genome-wide transcriptional analysis, a gene signature was identified for multiple sclerosis (MS), which reverted back to normal during pregnancy. The reversion was mostly evident for seven genes: SOCS2, TNFAIP3, NR4A2, CXCR4, POLR2J, FAM49B, and STAG3L1, most of which are negative regulators of inflammation.

FAM3C is a member of the FAM3 family and holds a GG domain. Pancreatic cancer-derived cells demonstrate a difference in expression of this protein. FAM3C is a downstream target gene for the Nkx5-1 transcription factor, and there for takes part in cell differentiation and proliferation through inner ear embryogenesis. In addition, FAM3C has a role in retinal laminar formation and promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition.

IMP3 is the human homolog of the yeast Imp3 protein and Essential for the early cleavages during pre-18S ribosomal RNA processing. IMP3 is a Part of the 60-80S U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (U3 snoRNP). IMP3 is a member of to the ribosomal protein S4P family and localizes to the nucleoli and interacts with the U3 snoRNP complex. IMP3 contains an S4 domain. U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein protein IMP3 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IMP3 gene.

FAM84A is a member of the FAM84 family of proteins and is primarily expressed in testis. FAM84A is restricted to a subcellular membrane region in which there is no interaction between adjoining cells and takes part in cell morphology. Additionally, FAM84A expression increases cell motility which can result in invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. FAM84A is up-regulated in pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer lung cancer, bladder cancer tissues and cholangiocarcinoma.

Family with Sequence Similarity 3, Member D (FAM3D) is a member of the FAM3 family. The FAM3D gene is linked to narcolepsy and diabetes mellitus in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, however FAM3D function of remains vague. FAM3D is amply expressed in the placenta and weakly expressed in the small intestine.

SMARCA4 belongs to the SWI/SNF family of proteins and is similar to the brahma protein of Drosophila. Proteins in this family have helicase and ATPase activities and are considered to regulate transcription ofcertain genes by altering the chromatin structure around those genes. SMARCA4 is part of the large ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex SNF/SWI, which is essential for transcriptional activation of genesnormally repressed by chromatin. In addition, SMARCA4 is able to bind BRCA1, as well as regulating the expression ofthe tumorigenic protein CD44. Moreover, mutations in SMARCA4 cause rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome type 2.

GTPase, IMAP Family Member 5 (GIMAP5) is a part of the GTP-binding superfamily and the immuno-associated nucleotide subfamily of nucleotide-binding proteins. GIMAP5 is an antiapoptotic protein which is required for mitochondrial integrity and T-cell survival. Polymorphisms in GIMAP5 are related with systemic lupus erythematosus. Read-through transcription can be found between GIMAP5 and the neighboring upstream GIMAP1 (GTPase, IMAP family member 1) gene. GIMAP5 also contributes to T-cell quiescence.

Family with Sequence Similarity 3, Member A (FAM3A) is a member of the FAM3 family along with FAM3B (Pander) protein which induces apoptosis of pancreatic alpha and beta cells. FAM3A is a cytokine-like protein, which is expressed in almost all tissues such as the testis, pancreas, adrenal, placenta, brain, fetal brain, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle and the heart. FAM3A gene expression may be regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and the FAM3A protein might be involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Although the function of the FAM3A protein has been unclear until now, it may act as a defensin against invading fungal microorganisms.

Signal-transducing adaptor protein 1 (STAP1) acts as a docking protein which operates downstream of Tec tyrosine kinase in B cell antigen receptor signaling. The STAP1 protein is directly phosphorylated by Tec in vitro where it partakes in a positive feedback loop, increasing Tec activity.