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About SFRP / Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein:
Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein is a family of proteins that contain two main proteins: SFRP2 and SFRP4. Both SFRP2 and SFRP4 have a multitude of aliases, the ones for secreted frizzle-related protein 2 are as follows: FRP-2, SARP1, and SDF-5. For secreted frizzled-related protein 4, the aliases are FRP-4, FRPHE, sFRP-4, PYL, and FRZB-2.
SFRP Structure
This family consists of a cysteine-rich domain homologous to the putative Wnt-binding site of the Frizzled proteins.
Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein Function & Interactions
The SFRP family is believed to act as soluble modulators of the Wnt signaling process. Methylation of this dene is also linked to colorectal cancer. Specifically, studies show that this can be a potential marker for the presence of this cancer.
SFRP2 gene is very commonly detected in an overexpressed state in human papillomavirus-positive neoplastic keratinocytes derived from uterine cervical preneoplastic lesions at different levels of malignancy. Consequently, this protein has a high chance of being associated with tumorigenesis.
SFRP4 is expressed in the ventricular myocardium and is a hub gene in a type 2 diabetes-associated gene co-expression module in human islets. Studies show that one of its functions is to decrease B-cell exocytosis, which reduces glucose-induced insulation secretion. Further research has also indicated that SFRP4 is elevated several years before people have been diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes. People with higher-than-average levels of SFRP4 in their blood are shown to be five times more likely to develop diabetes than those with normal or below-average levels. Furthermore, the concentration of this protein is also deemed to correlate with obesity and systemic insulin resistance.