About PLSCR / Phospholipid Scramblase:
Lipid (fat) cells have fundamental roles within the ecosystem because they establish dynamic membranes, boundaries and cellular compartments. Plasma and intracellular walls are created from phospholipids with a hydrophilic headgroup and a hydrophobic tail. This enables cells to form multilayered lipids. Phospholipids come in a wide and varied number of structures, although they can all quickly disperse across the cell walls. They characteristically have asymmetrical structures to aid them in important cell signaling. A Scramblase is a protein in charge of relocating phospholipids creating a multilayered lipid in between a cellular membrane.
PLSCR Mechanism
Phospholipids are found in the bilayers of all living beings and organisms because cellular membranes all contain proteins that require the lipid dispersing function. There is still much to be learnt about how phospholipids can complete this dispersal, the mammalian cellular membranes provide important insight into the two types of dispersal. The first of the two types involve phospholipids growing from normal cells. This type of transportation is sped up with the presence of ATP-dependent phospholipid translocases. The second type is seen in the plasma membranes of apoptotic cells and platelets. This type is nonspecific and bidirectional along with energy-independent movement.
An example of this is when active transporters relocate into the inner plasma walls and generate asymmetry. The lipid scramblases create a diffusion into the outer parts of the cell walls which trigger other biological functions.