{"title":"Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor","description":"\u003cmain class=\"main container-fluid\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"row\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"tab-content col-xs-12 col-sm-10 col-lg-10\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"row\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"highlited\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAbout Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMacrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF or MMIF) is also known as glycosylation-inhibiting factor (GIF), phenylpyruvate tautomerase or L-dopachrome isomerase, is a protein in humans that is encoded by the MIF gene. The MIF gene is an important component that helps to regulate part of our immune system known as the innate immune system.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBacterial antigens stimulate the white blood cells in our bloodstream to release MIF. The MIF then binds to CD74 on other immune cells, thus triggering an acute immune response. This gives MIF the classification of an inflammatory cytokine. In addition, glucocorticoids can also stimulate white blood cells to release MIF into the bloodstream. This partially counteracts the inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids on the immune system. Lastly, trauma also causes the release of MIF due to the anterior pituitary gland activating.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eSignificance\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMIF is an inflammatory mediator that is commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MIF protein levels are increased in the plasma of those with schizophrenia. This also extends to include people who are in the early stages of the illness. However, the clinical significance of has yet to be determined. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is also seen as a potential drug target for sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis and also cancer. Research and studies have shown that it can induce changes in the heart during sepsis.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThere is also evidence to suggest that there is a link between MIF production and metastatic potential in colorectal cancer. Some reports have also found that there is an increase in MIF production in people with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. In Alzheimer’s disease, this enzyme has been reported to undergo glycation and oxidation which inhibits its activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMechanism\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMacrophage migration inhibitory factor binds to the protein CD74. It induces its phosphorylation and the recruitment of CD44, thus activating non-receptor tyrosine kinases. This leads to extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eInteractions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCurrently, macrophage migration inhibitory factor has been reported to interact with the following:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e● BNIPL (Bcl-2\/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 2-like protein)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e● CD74 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e● COPS5 (COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5 (Arabidopsis))\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e● CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e● RPS19 (40S ribosomal protein S19)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eFunctions\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe MIF gene encodes a lymphokine which is involved in cell-mediated immunity. Immunoregulation and inflammation. It also plays a role in regulating the macrophage function in host defence by suppressing anti-inflammatory effects from glucocorticoids. The lymphokine and JAB1 protein assemble into a complex in the cytosol near the peripheral plasma membrane. This may indicate a role in integrin signalling pathways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eStructure\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMacrophage migration inhibitory factor forms a protein trimer that is built from three identical subunits. The monomers contain two antiparallel alpha helices and a four-stranded beta sheet, and they surround a central channel that possesses 3-fold rotational symmetry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/main\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"mif-human","title":"MIF Human","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Human Recombinant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003ePhenylpyruvate tautomerase, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF, MMIF, MIF.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"5µg","offer_id":43173955764308,"sku":"CYT-575","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25µg","offer_id":43173955797076,"sku":"CYT-575","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173955829844,"sku":"CYT-575","price":3600.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-human-CYT-575.png?v=1776443958"},{"product_id":"mif-human-his-c","title":"MIF Human His C","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Human Recombinant, His Tag C-Terminus\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003ePhenylpyruvate tautomerase, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF, MMIF, MIF.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"5µg","offer_id":43173956550740,"sku":"CYT-521","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25µg","offer_id":43173956583508,"sku":"CYT-521","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173956616276,"sku":"CYT-521","price":1800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-human-his-c-CYT-521.png?v=1776443967"},{"product_id":"mif-human-his-n","title":"MIF Human His N","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Human, Recombinant His Tag N-Terminus\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003ePhenylpyruvate tautomerase, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF, MMIF, MIF.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"5µg","offer_id":43173957697620,"sku":"CYT-431","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25µg","offer_id":43173957730388,"sku":"CYT-431","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173957763156,"sku":"CYT-431","price":1800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-human-his-n-CYT-431.png?v=1776443971"},{"product_id":"mif-human-active","title":"MIF Human, Active","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Human Recombinant (Active)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003ePhenylpyruvate tautomerase, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF, MMIF, MIF.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"3x2µg","offer_id":43173959008340,"sku":"CYT-596","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25µg","offer_id":43173959041108,"sku":"CYT-596","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173959073876,"sku":"CYT-596","price":2700.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-human-active-CYT-596.png?v=1776443953"},{"product_id":"mif-human-gst","title":"MIF Human, GST","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitor Factor Human Recombinant, GST tag\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor\n(Glycosylation-Inhibiting Factor), Phenylpyruvate Tautomerase, L-Dopachrome\nTautomerase, L-Dopachrome Isomerase, \n\nGLIF, MMIF, GIF, Macrophage\nMigration Inhibitory Factor, Glycosylation-Inhibiting Factor, EC 5.3.3.12, EC\n5.3.2.1, Macrophage migration inhibitory factor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"5µg","offer_id":43173960548436,"sku":"CYT-401","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20µg","offer_id":43173960581204,"sku":"CYT-401","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173960613972,"sku":"CYT-401","price":2700.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-human-gst-CYT-401.png?v=1776443962"},{"product_id":"mif-mouse","title":"MIF Mouse","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Mouse Recombinant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003eMacrophage migration inhibitory factor, MIF, Delayed early response protein 6, DER6, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF, L-dopachrome isomerase, L-dopachrome tautomerase, Phenylpyruvate tautomerase, Glif.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"5µg","offer_id":43173961531476,"sku":"CYT-744","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20µg","offer_id":43173961564244,"sku":"CYT-744","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173961597012,"sku":"CYT-744","price":2700.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-mouse-CYT-744.png?v=1776443977"},{"product_id":"mif-mouse-his","title":"MIF Mouse, His","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitor Factor Mouse Recombinant, His Tag\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003eMacrophage migration inhibitory factor, MIF, Delayed\nearly response protein 6, DER6, Glycosylation-inhibiting factor, GIF,\nL-dopachrome isomerase, L-dopachrome tautomerase, Phenylpyruvate tautomerase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"5µg","offer_id":43173962612820,"sku":"CYT-896","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20µg","offer_id":43173962645588,"sku":"CYT-896","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173962678356,"sku":"CYT-896","price":2700.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-mouse-his-CYT-896.png?v=1776443982"},{"product_id":"mif-rat","title":"MIF Rat","description":"\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Rat Recombinant\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"synonyms_hide\"\u003e\n  \u003cp\u003eMacrophage migration inhibitory factor, MIF, Glutathione-binding 13 kDa protein, L-dopachrome isomerase, L-dopachrome tautomerase, Phenylpyruvate tautomerase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"prospecbio","offers":[{"title":"5µg","offer_id":43173963726932,"sku":"CYT-193","price":60.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25µg","offer_id":43173963759700,"sku":"CYT-193","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":43173963792468,"sku":"CYT-193","price":3600.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/files\/Prospecbio-mif-rat-CYT-193.png?v=1776443986"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0559\/3219\/0804\/collections\/Image_436002ba-17d7-440c-985a-d2fec06595a4.png?v=1700647656","url":"https:\/\/prospecbio.com\/collections\/macrophage-migration-inhibitory-factor.oembed","provider":"prospecbio","version":"1.0","type":"link"}