About Aurora kinase:
Falling within the category of serine/threonine kinases, aurora kinase is an enzyme which assists in the dispensation of genetic materials during the cell division process. Different types of aurora kinases, A, B and C, have recently been discovered. When a cell divides, it is known as the parent cells, and when it divides into two or more cells, these are referred to as daughter cells. In order to create daughter cells, a parent cell must dispense genetic materials. As part of this process, aurora kinase assists in the division of parent cells.
Aurora kinase Mechanism
Aurora kinase is crucial to the role of chromatid segmentation, which is part of the cell division process. When a chromosome is replicated, the copy or copies of the chromosome remain joined to the original chromosome by a centromere. In order to daughter cells to be effectively created, the copied or replicated chromosomes must be separated from the original chromosome. This process is known as chromatid segmentation, and aurora kinase is integral to this element of cell division.
With aurora A kinase, the mitotic spindle required to form daughter cells will either never separate or will attempt to do so and fail. As a result, aurora kinase has been shown to have a vital and essential role in chromatid segmentation and, therefore, cell division.
Aurora kinase Function
Our bodies rely on cells to divide and replicate in order to function, and when healthy cells behave in this way, we can thrive. However, faulty cell division and replication can result in abnormalities and illnesses. In addition to this, when potentially harmful cells divide and replication, these dangerous cells become more prevalent and more likely to cause illnesses, such as cancers.
As aurora kinase is integral to the cell division process, it can be both beneficial and potentially harmful. When healthy cells divide and replicate successfully, aurora kinase is playing a crucial role in keeping our bodies working.
However, if aurora kinase doesn’t facilitate the successful replication of healthy cells, it can result in illness or cell abnormalities, which may be present in pathology. Furthermore, when aurora kinase aids in the process of cell division and replication of cancerous cells, this can lead to tumor growth and the spread of particular cancers.
Aurora kinase Structure
Following X-ray diffraction, aurora kinase has been shown to have a sequence length of 275 and a keychain as follows; 4-{[2-(4-{[(4-FLUOROPHENYL)CARBONYL]AMINO}-1H-PYRAZOL-3-YL)-1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-6-YL]METHYL}MORPHOLIN-4-IUM C22 H22 F N6 O2 AKIIIZOJWRPEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O.
Aurora kinase Interactions
To date, aurora kinase has been shown to interact with the following: FBXL7 (due to similarity), CPEB1, JTB, TACC1, TPX2, as well as with PPP2CA and the protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) isoforms PPP1CA, PPP1CB and PPP1CC. In addition to this, aurora kinase interacts with substrates ARHGEF2, BRCA1, KIF2A, PARD3, p53/TP53, and BORA, thus leading to the promotion of phosphorylation of PLK1. Interactions also occur between aurora kinase and PIFO, GADD45A, AUNIP (via the C-terminus), FRY, SIRT2, MYCN, AAAS and NHRNPU. By interacting with FRY, aurora kinase effective facilitates AURKA-mediated PLK1 phosphorylation, whilst its interaction with MYCN is phospho-independent and prompts AURKA activation.